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Music of Bolivia - Anthropology Project

Music of Bolivia. Native Bolivia music. Elite and native music of Bolivia. A presentation introducing the elements, characteristics, and facets of Native Andes music in historic and modern day Bolivia as seen through an Anthropological scope and agenda. World music Bolivia info.

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Music of Bolivia - Anthropology Project

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  1. MUSICOF BOLIVIA

  2. THE PRESENTATIONPRESENTED: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mb-OZg4PL6A

  3. “God is keeping these riches from those who come from afar” – Inca Huayna Capah Legend -

  4. SOCIETY Modernization and allocation of oil and water rights / resources has triggered wars throughout Bolivia's history: Chaco War 1932-1935 (Britannica, 2019) – Paraguay wins more land than from Bolivia as an outcome. Bolivian people lose around 100,000 people against Paraguay. Water war 1997 – Bolivians chase out an American based engineering argonaut that had raise the rates on water. Bolivian called out that water was a “right.” Gas war – 2003 (Lamamoto, 2013). Over the fact that Bolivian government would only keep 18% of profits made from Bolivian drilled (exports)– natural gas. President made to resign, and contracts were demolished. Coca War – Tax war - https://www.roughguides.com/article/bolivia-make-time-for-south-americas-most-misunderstood-country/

  5. SOCIETY Aymara – language spoken by 2 million Bolivians of 11.4 million – 1 in 4 Calcha Quechua- speaking people. Spanish too Tiwanaku – capital of Aymara world Indigenous rites coming 1973 statement- Indigenous versus Elite vie throughout history and common eras https://www.roughguides.com/article/bolivia-make-time-for-south-americas-most-misunderstood-country/

  6. CITIES Santa Cruz de la Sierra – 1,364,389 pop. Cochabamba La Paz El Alto Sucre Oruro Potosi Montero Trinidad Camiri Warnes Punata Santiago del Torno

  7. STRUCTURE • Folk structures – resembling global scale structure • Accelerations • Strophic form • Common form – communal composition • Cadence – more melodic than structured • Scales • Upbeat and traditional / story telling tempos • Elaborate composition • Basic measures using melodies and essential verse – like story lines • Energized • Introductions (emboldened mood instantly) • Faster Paced – Traditional • Slower Paced – Traditional • Bellows and lasting notes make up overtones • Quick finger picking and flute fingering – make up the headlining sounds • Rote like strategies in some of the music - sequences struck to repeating https://www.bing.com/images/search?view=detailV2&id=927F8E3AA39170F3443B4725215B71B05F892841&thid=OIP.OwuHQQ6J737GakXHTFP-nAHaFj&mediaurl=https%3A%2F%2Fskagwaydelta.files.wordpress.com%2F2011%2F05%2Fla-paz-skyline-1-blog.jpg&exph=356&expw=475&q=la+paz+skyline+blog&selectedindex=0&ajaxhist=0&vt=0&eim=1,2,6

  8. POLITICAL • Market is harsh and a very competitive political line in the market Is obvious where any expenditure in the country means for one side – indigenous vs. the other – nonindigenous • Rural vs. Urban • Female vendors called Choals • Population of Bolivia – 11.4 million – (Country meters, 2019) • Independence day August 6, 2000 • National Anthem - 1851 • More than 20 active political parties • 2 Major – • Conservative – Not by American Standards • Liberal – not by American Standards

  9. ECONOMIC • 67% of the economy is informal – market based economy • Fines are not a part of judicial punishments • Local Military bosses ran the country due to the fall of silver mines in the late 1830’s • One major record label in the country – Discolandia – more than 50 years old • 60% of input to the market is indigenous • 1800 – Bolivia the second Richest country in South America – next to Brazil • Low-middle income country • Said to be the “poorest” country in South America • Densely populated compared to other areas in South America • Most records of the country – Economics and War

  10. SOCIAL • Traced to Spanish influence • Hispanic dances • Styles of Tradition • Chacarera • Taquirari • Carnival rhythms • Indian • Yaravi • Arabicus • Morocoo • Fusion between Spain and Indigenous people • Tribes • Tarija – Region • Guarnai • Ayoreos

  11. IDEALISTIC • Traditional – Folk Music • Modernization • Indigenous • Native • Spain influenced • Global initiatives • Warrior Dances • Festive

  12. IDEALISTIC & MELODIES • Cyclical • Ritualistic • Representations of planting and harvesting • Wet and dry seasons • Birth and rebirth • Sonic expressions of a sacred place

  13. ARTISTIC • Monodic – poetical • Political • Modernization / Globalization • Tourist traditional • Traditional folk music • Love music • Lyrical • Geomusical • Syncopation

  14. National Anthem • “A most favorable destiny…the land is free, free at last..” • Chorus “…to die before we would live as slaves” • “…eternal praise to the brave warriors…a happy Bolivia justly begins to enjoy!” • “the happy homeland where mankind enjoys the benefits of good fortune and peace” • “If a foreigner may, any given day even attempt to subjugate Bolivia – let him prepare for a fatal destiny “

  15. National Anthem

  16. PEOPLE • 30 Different ethnic groups – making up the country • Bolivia's Aymara - Indigenous group Of Bolivia • and Quechua people • Carlos Gutierrez Quirogoa • CergioPrudencio; Carlos Rosso – teachers of Carlos Quiroga 1982 • Tiahuanacu – geographical proximity and history of ethnic identities – politics and changing relationships between Aymara and Bolivian nation state.

  17. TRANSMISSION • Terra incognita – Unexplored Territory • Aural & Oral • Schools • Home environment – Native or Elite • National music • National conservatory La Paz • Antonio Gonzalez Bravo • Humberto ViscarraMonje – composer pedagogue • Joes- Maria Velasco Maidana – native symphonic vocal music • Amerindia – welcomed by president [American Indian People and traditions] https://www.ibtimes.com/oruro-carnival-2012-bolivian-streets-witness-folk-dance-colorful-parades-photos-709647

  18. MUSIC • Caporal – Type of Dance • Opera • Tango – Traditional Dance • Diablada– Type of Dance • Folklorico – common type of music • Masks and dances – symbolize oppression • El Condor Pasa – Simon & Garfunkel – a native Bolivian song • “Joyful Rhythms”

  19. Panflute / Panpipe / Aampona https://www.tenthousandvillages.com/andean-panflute

  20. Quena https://kenafuvolaquenaflute.com/?lang=en

  21. Erke https://www.bing.com/images/search?view=detailV2&id=7B43D48196D66119AB5097F0596FE7FF99998B6B&thid=OIP.XEr4I3vQvwebvWRPCNaaRQHaFC&mediaurl=https%3A%2F%2Fupload.wikimedia.org%2Fwikipedia%2Fcommons%2F4%2F46%2FErkencho_del_norte.jpg&exph=712&expw=1046&q=erke+insturment&selectedindex=0&ajaxhist=0&vt=0&eim=1,2,6

  22. Pingullo http://musicasnuevasdejuliogaramillo.blogspot.com/

  23. Bandolin http://musicasnuevasdejuliogaramillo.blogspot.com/

  24. Trumpeta http://musicasnuevasdejuliogaramillo.blogspot.com/

  25. Retuinto http://musicasnuevasdejuliogaramillo.blogspot.com/

  26. Sacchas http://musicasnuevasdejuliogaramillo.blogspot.com/

  27. Dulzaina http://musicasnuevasdejuliogaramillo.blogspot.com/

  28. Caja de tambor http://musicasnuevasdejuliogaramillo.blogspot.com/

  29. Samponia http://musicasnuevasdejuliogaramillo.blogspot.com/

  30. Rolando [Banjoles] https://www.etsy.com/listing/124075519/rare-vintage-rolando-banjolele-banjo

  31. Chaga https://www.pinterest.com/DianaDeeOsborne/drums-drumming-joy/

  32. Charango

  33. THINKING CRITICAL ABOUT ISSUES • Many elements referenced in the arts of Bolivia: • War • Oppression • Indigenous vs. Elite people • Economics • Location • Spirituality • Party and Festival • Dancing • Tradition • Modernization • Country • Politics • Nature https://www.bing.com/images/search?view=detailV2&id=831E8BF55605428474CB2966DCB4505BAA65029E&thid=OIP.VtGfFk_xG0xPhBQx_HnVBwHaFP&mediaurl=https%3A%2F%2Fcdn.theculturetrip.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2017%2F04%2F4303856848_683afb3679_b-1-1024x724.jpg&exph=724&expw=1024&q=bolivian+music&selectedindex=6&ajaxhist=0&vt=0&eim=1,2,6

  34. FIELD WORK • We need more history • We need more writing • We need more photos • We need more of an understanding of this music • We need more investigation of the present music scene and respects to this music • We need more educational materials and access to Bolivian art and music

  35. FOLK MUSIC DISCGUISING SACRALITY • AndianaBoliviana Music Volume No. 1 • Theka • Riff • Panpipes https://www.worldtimezone.com/travel/travel-bolivia-uyuni13.html

  36. REFERENCES • Bolivia Bella. (2019). Bolivia facts: Bolivia politics. Bolivia Bella [online article]. Retrieved April 16, 2019 from http://www.boliviabella.com/politics.html . • Britannica (2019). Chaco War. Bolivia and Paraguay [1932-1935]. Retrieved April 15, 2019 from https://www.britannica.com/event/Chaco-War . • Country meters. (2019). Bolivia population. Country Meters “population clock” [online]. Retrieved April 11, 2019 from https://countrymeters.info/en/Bolivia . • Encyclopaedia Britannica. (2019). Daily life. Bolivia [online entry]. Retrieved April 16, 2019 from https://www.britannica.com/place/Bolivia/Daily-life . • Lamamoto, S. (2013). Bolivia’s “Gas War” ten years on . Equal Times; 2013. Retrieved April 15, 2019 from https://www.equaltimes.org/bolivia-s-gas-war-ten-years-on?lang=en#.XLSX-OhKiUk.

  37. REFERENCES • Lewis, T. (2004). Bolivia’s Gas War. International Socialist Review; (36), [online article]. Retrieved April 17, 2019 from http://www.isreview.org/issues/36/gaswar.shtml . • Lopez, A. (2015). Bolivia, 15 years on from the Water War. Democracy Center, [online article]. Retrieved April 17, 2019 from https://democracyctr.org/article/bolivia-15-years-on-from-the-water-war/ • Slonimsky, N. (1908). Music in Bolivia. The Christian Science Monitor. P. 9. 1943. https://search.proquest.com/docview/514281804?pq-origsite=summon . • Quiroga, C. & Zubieta, S. (2013). Notes on Music and Contemporary Art in Bolivia. Review: Literature and Arts of the Americas. 43. 1. P. 126-130. https://doi.org/10.1080/08905762.2013.780915

  38. REFERENCES • Sammells, C. (2013). Complicating the local: defining the Aymara at Tiwanaku, Bolivia. International Journal of Historical Archaeology, (17), 2, P. 315-331. retrieved April 1, 2019 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10761-013-0223-4 . • South America. (2019). National Anthem. Bolivia. Retrieve April 17, 2019 from http://www.southamerica.cl/Bolivia/National_Anthem.htm . • Stobart, H. (2010). Rampant reproduction and digital democracy: shifting landscape so music production and “piracy” in Bolivia. Ethnomusicology Forum, 13:1, P. 27-56. Retrieved April 11, 2019 from https://doi.org/10.1080/17411911003669616 • List, G & Keiler, B. (1966). Reviewed Work: Instruments and Music of Bolivia. Ethnomusicology. (10). 1. P. 136

  39. REFERENCES • Steward, H. (2017). A brief introduction to Bolivia’s traditional music and dance. Culture Trip, [online article]. Retrieved April 16, 2019 from https://theculturetrip.com/south-america/bolivia/articles/a-brief-introduction-to-bolivias-traditional-music-and-dance/ . • Visit Bolivia. (2019). Bolivian music. Visit Bolivia [online article]. Retrieved April 16, 2019 from http://www.visitbolivia.net/bolivia-guide/music.html .

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