TYPES & BREEDS OF LOCAL, EXOTIC & CROSSBRED BUFFALO & CATTLE

1. TYPES & BREEDS OF LOCAL, EXOTIC & CROSSBRED BUFFALO & CATTLE

2. BUFFALOES • Family: Bovidae • Species: (Bubualus bubalis): • Types of buffalo: Cape buffalo of Africa Water buffalo: Near & Middle east Swamp or marsh buffalo: Far East. • differ from each other in body appearance, habits & temperament.

3. Buffalo found in Indo-Pak subcontinent belong to the water buffalo group • Although raised for milk production, Pakistani buffalo are considered to be triple purpose domestic animals (milk, meat & draught)

4. NILI-RAVI • Home Tract: • Lahore, Sheikhupura, Faisalabad, Okara, Sahiwal, Multan, Bahawalpur and Bahwalnagar • Physical Characters: massive & wedged shape, black with white muzzle, lower parts of 4 legs, fore head & switch of tail (PUNJKALIAN), small curly horns and walleye

5. Production Parameters: • Maturity: Males; 30 months, • female: 36 months, • Milk yield: 1800-2500 liters with a 6.5% fat, • Body weight: Males: 550-650Kg, • Females: 350-450Kg. • Growth rate: 800-1000gm/d.

6. Reproductive Performance • Age at 1st calving, 47 months • lactation length, 312 days • dry period, 198 days • service period, 211 days • calving interval 520 days • gestation period 30610 days

8. KUNDI • Home Tract: • both sides of river Indus from Kashmore to Shah Bandar (Sindh). • Physical Characters: • Massive jet-black, horns are broad at the base and taper up ward and in ward (fish hook shape), broad fore head, short neck & medium sized ears.

9. Production Parameters: • Maturity: Males, 30 months; • Female, 36 months • Milk yield: 1700-2200 liters with a 6% butterfat. • Body weight: • Males, 500-600Kg; • Females, 300-400Kg.

10. Age at 1st calving, 54 months • lactation length, 335 days • dry period, 226 days • service period, 274 days • calving interval 581 days • gestation period 30610 days

12. BREEDS OF CATTLE • Family: Bovidae. • European cattle non-humped: Bos taraus • Pakistani cattle • Humped (Zebu): Bos indicus • Classes:3 on the basis of the purpose for which it is mainly kept.

13. MILCH BREEDS

14. SAHIWAL • Home Tract: • Faisalabad, Okara & Sahiwal & Multan (Punjab). • Physical Characters: • Medium in size, fleshy body, Females reddish dun color, males have darker color around orbit, neck & hindquarter. • Males: stumpy horns Females: generally poled. Ears: Medium sized & dropping, Hump in males is massive but nominal in females. Switch of tail: black.

15. Milk yield; 1500-2200 liters with a 4.5% butterfat. • Body weight: Males: 400-500Kg, Females: 300-350Kg. • Average GR is 0.4-0.5 Kg males & 0.3 to 0.35 Kg females.

16. Age at maturity 850 days • age at 1st calving 2 ½ to 3 years • lactation length 275 days • dry period 142 days • calving interval 412 days • gestation period 28010 days

19. RED SINDHI • Home Tract: • Karachi, Thata, Dadu, Hyderabad (Sindh) & Lasbella (Baluchistan) • Physical Characters: • Medium in size, compact body & red color; Males: darker around shoulders, Hindquarters are round & dropping, switch of tail black, Ears medium sized & dropping, • Hump in males well developed & ears are fine & small,

20. Milk yield: 1500-2000 liters with a 4.0% butterfat. • Body weight: • Males 425-525Kg; • Females 300-350Kg. • Average growth rate is 0.3 Kg in males • & 0.23 Kg in females.

21. Age at 1st calving, 1180 days • lactation length, 275 days • dry period, 180 days • calving interval 430 days • gestation period 28010 days