1 / 65

Renewable Energy G Chakraborty DGM(MO), ERLDC

Explore the emerging renewable energy scenario in India, legal provisions, international perspectives, potential impacts, and the need for renewable energy certificates and integration strategies. Learn about the factors driving the shift to alternative energy sources and the challenges posed by limited natural resources and global carbon emissions. Discover how initiatives like the National Action Plan on Climate Change and the National Solar Mission are shaping the nation's energy landscape towards sustainability.

jacquelinen
Download Presentation

Renewable Energy G Chakraborty DGM(MO), ERLDC

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Renewable Energy G Chakraborty DGM(MO), ERLDC ERLDC: POSOCO

  2. Contents • Indian Power Sector – At Present • - Factors compel us to worry • Drivers for alternative Energy Source • Legal provision • Emerging Renewable Scenario • International Position • Wind and Solar potential in India • Need for REC Mechanism • Integration of Renewables • Implementation of RRF • Future Scenario 12/19/2019 2 ERLDC: POSOCO

  3. Region wise Installed Generating Capacity Captive generating capacity as on 31st March 2011 = 34,445 MW Source: CEA website

  4. NPTI, Bangalore

  5. Electricity Demand Projections Source: Energy Policy Report, Planning Commission, India

  6. Limited Fuels:at present consumption levels • Crude oil will last only for 18 years. • Gas will last for 26 years. • Coal will be finished in nearly 200 years. Ever thought of a world without gas and oil???

  7. Factors which compel us to worry

  8. GLOBAL CARBON DI-OXIDE EMISSION 3.24 OECD USA CHINA RELEASE, GIGA TONS INDIA 1.83 1.08 2 0.86 CO 0.76 0.75 0.65 0.21 1990 2050 Ref : World Energy Council Report, 1994

  9. Potential Impacts

  10. Climate Impacts in South Asia

  11. Drivers for Alternate energy sources Oil crisis in 1970s. Limited natural Resources (Oil, Coal). Energy Security. International mandate for development of CDM technologies and to reduce Carbon/Sulpher/Green House Gas emissions, phase out fossil fuel generation and develop alternate Energy sources. IPCC(Inter-governmental Panel for Climate Change) under UNEP(1998) UNFCCC Rio De Janeiro 1992 Kyoto protocol 1997 Copenhagen Summit 2009 Indian initiatives NAPCC (National Action Plan for Climate Change) JNNSM (Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission)

  12. SOURCES OF RESOURCES HYDRO RESOURCES DELHI RESOURCES ARE FAR AWAY FROM LOAD CENTERS. NECESSITATES LONG TRANSMISSION LINKS FOR EVACUATION KOLKATA MUMBAI HIGH POWER CORRIDOR AT 765 KV COAL BELT BANGALORE CHENNAI WIND ZONES GAS RESOURCES

  13. The Ex-President’s Message: Independence • Cut down energy losses • Utilize technologies to provide a diverse supply of environmentally friendly energy • “We must achieve Energy Independence by 2030”, including a cut down in ALL sectors • Increase the power generated through renewable energy sources from 5% to 25% • This is the nation’s “first and highest priority” Ex-President A.P.J. Abdul Kalam (Rocket Scientist)

  14. The Electricity Act, 2003 : Enabling provisions • Section 86(1)(e) : Specify Renewable Purchase Obligation (RPO), grid connectivity • Section 61(h) : Tariff regulations to be guided by promotion of renewable energy sources • Section 3 : National Electricity Policy, Tariff Policy and Plan • Section 4 : National Policy permitting stand alone systems including renewable sources of energy for rural areas

  15. The Electricity Act, 2003: Section 86(1) (e) The State Commission shall discharge the following functions, namely: “promote cogeneration and generation of electricity from renewable sources of energy by providing suitable measures for connectivity with the grid and sale of electricity to any person, and also specify, for purchase of electricity from such sources, a percentage of the total consumption of electricity in the area of a distribution licensee;”

  16. The Electricity Act, 2003: Section 61(h) The Appropriate Commission shall subject to the provisions of this Act, specify the terms and conditions for the determination of tariff, and in doing so, shall be guided by the following, namely: (h) the promotion of co-generation and generation of electricity from renewable sources of energy

  17. National Electricity Policy: 2005 • Urgent need for promotion of non-conventional and renewable sources of energy. • Efforts need to be made to reduce the capital cost of such projects. • Adequate promotional measures would have to be taken for development of technologies and sustained growth of these sources. • SERCs to provide suitable measures for connectivity with grid and fix percentage of purchase from Renewable sources. • Progressively such share of electricity need to be increased.

  18. Tariff Policy:2006 • Appropriate Commission shall fix RPO and SERCs shall fix tariff. • In future Discoms to procure Renewable Energy through competitive bidding within suppliers offering same type of RE. • In long-term, RE technologies need to compete with all other sources in terms of full costs.

  19. National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC), 2008 National level target for RE Purchase • 5% of total grid purchase in 2010, to be increased by 1% each year for 10 years: 15% by 2020. • SERCs may set higher target. Appropriate authorities may issue certificates that procure RE in excess of the national standard. • Such certificates may be tradable, to enable utilities falling short to meet their RPO. • RE generation capacity needed: From 25000 to 45000 MW by 2015.

  20. National Solar Mission, 2009 MW • Mission aims to achieve grid tariff parity by 2022 through Bundling of solar power with un-allocated quota of central stations by NVVNL for resale to utilities • To deploy 20 million solar lighting systems for rural areas by 2022 • Large scale utilization • R&D, Local manufacturing • In addition,100 MW capacity distributed small grid connected power plants during Phase - 1.

  21. RE Development in India Policy and regulatory intervention is essential to promote renewable energy

  22. Various types of Renewable Energy • Wind • On shore • Off shore • Solar • Solar PV (Photo Voltaic, Concentrated PhotoVoltaic) • Solar Thermal (Solar Concentrated, Parabolic trough/dish, Fresnel collector, Heliostat & Solar Tower receiver, Solar updraft receiver) • Small Hydel (upto 25 MW) • Biomass • Bagasse (the dry fibrous waste that is left after sugarcane has been processed) • rice husk, cotton stalk, mustard stalk, groundnut shell, coconut fronds, waste cotton stalks, roots of trees, cane trash, poultry litter etc.) • Co - generation • Municipal Solid waste • Geo -Thermal • Hydro kinetics • Tidal power • Wave technology

  23. Solar Map Wind Map Both Solar and wind concentration are geographically same

  24. Potential Capacity of RE Sources Statewise

  25. Renewable Energy sources (RES)

  26. Wind Power Potential

  27. Wind Energy Installed Capacity, INDIA 10240MW

  28. Growth of Wind Capacity(By end 2012)

  29. Criteria for Site Selection SITE SELECTION – PLAIN TERRAINS SITE SELECTION – HILLY TERRAINS • High annual average Wind Speed ( > 7 m/sec.) • Altitude of the proposed site. • Nature of Ground (soil for proper foundation / civil work ). • Favorable environmental condition to prevent corrosion & not prone to cyclone. • Availability of electrical infrastructure for evacuation of electricity generated . 2.5 D

  30. Solar in India : Potential & Prospects • India receives the highest global solar radiation on a horizontal surface. According to solar energy experts, India has considerable scope for solar energy production. India is bestowed with solar irradiation ranging from 4-7 kWh/ sq. m/ day across the country. • The desert areas in India have the solar radiation required for CSP(concentrating solar power technology) production. A 60 km x 60 km area can produce 1,00,000 MW of power. India has a desert area of 2,08,110 Sq Kms in Rajasthan and Gujarat. Even if India uses only 15,000 Sq. Kms of the desert, it can produce 3,00,000 MW of power. • Government of India is currently envisaging large-scale expansion of solar power capacity by 2022.

  31. Country-wise Solar PV installed Capacity

  32. Tidal energy & India Long coastline offers huge potential. Identified tidal power potential: 9000 MW Need to be utilized with hydel power plants. Biomass India predominantly agricultural country. Annual production of agro-forest and processing residues: 350 million tons. Power generation potential > 22,000 MW Advantages: • Decentralized generation: close to rural load centers. • Technology reasonably well developed • Environment friendly: No net CO2 No net CO2 emissions

  33. Geothermal energy & India • Yet to be tapped . • Potential capacity over 10000 MW . • Puga valley in Ladakh has an experimental 1 KW generator in geothermal field . • North-western Himalayas & Western coast are considered Geothermal areas.

  34. Typical arrangement of an Small Hydro Power station SHP station on a canal SHP station on a river • Small Hydro & India • Potential capacity over 10000 MW. • Non polluting, high prime mover efficiency, low operational cost • Availabilty - seasonal and intermittent

  35. Integration issues of Wind Planning criterion for RE Variability and Intermittency Forecasting and Scheduling SCADA / telemetry Network related Problems and Congestion Protection Commercial mechanism implementation

  36. Planning Transmission system for RE At lower penetration RE treated as an energy rather than capacity addition. As the penetration of the RE increases, RE treated in terms of MW capacity. Network development and O&M up to the pooling station by the wind developer. beyond the pooling station by the Distribution licensee.

  37. TN WIND GENERATION (28% of Energy) Intermittancy: not continuously available Variability : variable in magnitude Uncertainity : Variations may not be as Expected SR Maximum Wind -17.08.10 AT 18:59 HRS % of Wind in SR I/C – 17% % of Wind Gen in SR Demand Met – 14.9 % % of Wind in TN I/C – 39.4 % % of Wind Gen in TN Demand - 31.3 % TIME → Data taken from SCADA

  38. MAX WIND DAY:KARNATAKA 13/07/2011 – 22.31 MU GENERATED, 15.7% OF TOTAL STATE CONSUMPTION WIND GENERATION IN MW FREQUENCY As penetration increases, difficult to manage, as Reserves are scarce MAX: 1400 MW, MIN 1050 MW

  39. Need for Accurate Forecasting

  40. IEGC mandates… Telemetry is a must for scheduling and monitoring

  41. SCADA and telemetry

  42. Protection requirements for RE

  43. Efforts of Indian Regulators and policy makers Creation of Power Market post ABT, Open Access, Power Exchange ‘Cost-plus’ return on investment thro’ preferential tariff or Feed In Tariff (FIT) Solar power is exempted from sharing transmission charges and losses Accelerated Depreciation (AD) or Generation Based Incentive (GBI) @50 paise/unit Capital/ interest subsidy, concessional excise and customs duties etc. UI upto +/-30% socialised

  44. Need for REC Mechanism • RE Sources Not evenly distributed across India • Inhibits the SERCs of potential deficit states from high RPO • Potential rich states • Already set higher RPO, still avenues left for new plants • Very high cost of generation from RE sources (discourages local DISCOM to purchase beyond RPO) • REC to address the mismatch between availability of RE sources and the requirement of RPO

More Related