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From 0 to 50 in Two Years

From 0 to 50 in Two Years P. Anandan Managing Director Microsoft Research India Our Mission Still the same! World-class academic research Impact on Microsoft products and business groups Collaborations with external institutions to further technology research in India

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From 0 to 50 in Two Years

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  1. From 0 to 50 in Two Years P. Anandan Managing Director Microsoft Research India

  2. Our Mission Still the same! • World-class academic research • Impact on Microsoft products and business groups • Collaborations with external institutions to further technology research in India Microsoft Research India In Sadashivnagar, Bangalore

  3. Highlights People • 50 full-time staff (+64%); 81 interns in 2006 Research • Consolidated six research areas + Advanced Development & Prototyping team Publications • Published over 60 papers; award-winning papers at FSE 2006 and ICTD 2006 Technology Transfer • Major tech transfers: Virtual India, MultiPoint, Elliptic Curve Crypto, Netra External Research & Programs • Co-organized ICTD2006 w/UC Berkeley, Crypto Summer School w/IISc

  4. Outline People Research Publications Technology Transfer External Research & Programs Miscellaneous Highlights

  5. Outline People Research Publications Technology Transfer External Research & Programs Miscellaneous Highlights

  6. People Full-time staff total: 46 • 12 women, 38 men Technical staff total: 40 • 17 with PhD (42.5%) • 5 PhD from India • 12 PhD from abroad • Location before joining: • India: 23 (57.5%) • Abroad: 17 (42.5%) • 7 women, 36 men Lab growth 96% job-offer acceptance rate! (We missed two in 2005.)

  7. People Joined in 2006(leadership team in yellow): • Vidya Natampally • Srivatsan Laxman • Sridhar Vedantham • Satya Lokam • Vijay Patankar • Krishna K. Mehra • Randy Wang • Jagadeesh Jagarlamudi • Debapratim De • Gopal Srinivasa • Kalika Bali • Lenin Ravindranath Sivalingam • Raghavendra Udupa • Ganesan Ramalingam • Anuradha Padmanabha • Vibhuti Sengar • Raghav Bhaskar • Abishek Kumarasubramanian • Lakshmisubrahmanyam Velaga Just in… • Ram Ramjee • Ranjita Bhagwan • Venkat Padmanabhan • Ashwini Sharma “Dress-up Day,” August 2006

  8. Total internships in 2006: 81 To date: 122 Institutions represented (40+ total): India BITS Pilani IIIT-Bangalore IIIT-Hyderabad IISc IITs (Delhi, Madras, Bombay) ISI Calcutta MIT Chennai … Abroad Carnegie Mellon Georgia Tech London School of Economics New York University UC Berkeley University College London University of Washington Yale … Internships Lab size over two years

  9. Outline People Research • ADP, CSA, DGR, MNS, MLS, RSE, TEM Publications Technology Transfer External Research & Programs Miscellaneous

  10. Outline People Research • ADP, CSA, DGR, MNS, MLS, RSE, TEM Publications Technology Transfer External Research & Programs Miscellaneous

  11. Cryptography, Security, and Algorithms Goals Mathematical and practical aspects of… Group born May 2006 • Cryptographic primitives • New paradigms for cryptanalysis protocols • System and code security • Algorithms • Error-correction problems in machine learning

  12. Cryptography, Security, and Algorithms People Everyone joined in 2006 Staff • Raghav Bhaskar, Postdoc, PhD, INRIA • Debapratim De, Assistant Researcher,MSc, BITS • Abishek Kumarasubramanian, Assistant Researcher,BTech, IIT Chennai • Srivatsan Laxman, Postdoc,PhD, IISc • Satya Lokam,Researcher,PhD, Chicago • Vijay Patankar,Associate ResearcherPhD, Toronto • Ramarathnam Venkatesan, Head of the groupPrincipal Researcher (Redmond)PhD, Boston Interns • Abishek Kumarasubramanian, IITM • Anand Kumar Narayanan, MIT Chennai • Avinash Varadarajan, IITM • Debapratim De, BITS • Krishna Bhat, IISc • Kunal Rajvanshi, IITD • Prasad Raghavendra, IIT M • Rajasekar Manokaran, IIT M • Ramesh Raju, IIT M • Seetharam S. T. , ANR College • Subrahmanyam K., Georgia Tech. • Sundeep B., IIT M • Tamoghna Ghosh, ISI C • Rishiraj Bhattacharya, ISI C • Arnab Roy, ISI C • Vaibhav Singh, IIT M

  13. Anonymous Credentials Traitor Tracing Cryptography,Security, andAlgorithms • Users wish to prove credentials (e.g. age) without revealing their identity • Credentials issued by a Certification Authority (CA) • Transactions must be nonlinkable and untraceable even by a collusion of CA and verifiers. • Identify private keys illegally held by a pirate decoder in broadcast encryption • New and efficient protocols for small number of traitors • Use bilinear pairings and set-covering partitions Sample Projects ML for Prioritization of Attack Scenarios: access control Error Correction Problem in Machine Learning Relaxation Methods for SATIn Cryptanalysis Cope with deliberate or unintentional attacks on training set of SVM Can be of wide use in cleaning training sets of anti-spam, search, etc. • Used to attack specific ciphers and hash function • Unique in using only one or two encryptions; usually >240 Transfer knowledge from security experts / compliance users to 1000s devs; New formulation of problems Inversion Attacks on Hash functions Polynomial Ideals for Integrity verification of Programs Elliptic Curves and Number Theory Randomized Representation Of integers EC crypto Primality tests, Pairing Based crypto, Higher Genus curves, algebraic geometry Mutated Virus Detection by GraffDiff and Randomized Environment Tests Concrete Box—software protection tools Code 4 Bill:project

  14. Outline People Research • ADP, CSA, DGR, MNS, MLS, RSE, TEM Publications Technology Transfer External Research & Programs Miscellaneous

  15. Digital Geographics Goals Invent new technologies to support digital mapping and location-based services Conduct research in… • Graphics • User interfaces • Spatial databases • Image processing • Visualization • Etc. Auto-generated panoramic map (Neeharika Adabala)

  16. Digital Geographics People Research staff • Neeharika Adabala • Researcher, IISc • Soumyajit Deb • Assistant Researcher, IIIT-Hyd • Kentaro Toyama (Acting Head) • Principal Researcher, Yale • Manik Varma • Researcher, Oxford • Interns • Shiben Bhattacharjee (IIIT-Hyd) • Debajyoti Ray (U College London) • Rahul Garg (IIT-Delhi) • Ankit Gupta (IIT-Delhi)

  17. Projection of View Frustum Projection of View Frustum RejectedTile Rejected Tile L=2 L=2 L=1 l dt L=1 l dt L=0 L=0 Baseline Baseline Digital Geographics Sample Projects Auto-generated panoramic maps Handling occlusion in cityscapes Functional animation in maps Dynamic occlusion-culling in 3D scenes 3D geometry streaming Texture classification w/ fractal features Reading text in imagery Dynamic occlusion culling (Soumyajit Deb)

  18. 3D Geometry Streaming Soumyajit Deb • Complete end-to-end streaming system • Seamless integration of existing techniques such as LOD, Pre-fetching, local caching and geometry compression • Continuous connection monitoring and detail adjustment • Fast, incremental visibility culling • Dynamic object handling • Top-to-bottom scalability – • can handle PDAs to workstations Realistic Rendering Dynamic Objects Tile based LOD Visibility Culling

  19. Outline People Research • ADP, CSA, DGR, MNS, MLS, RSE, TEM Publications Technology Transfer External Research & Programs Miscellaneous

  20. Mobility, Networks & Systems Goals To conduct research in networked systems: • Internet-scale systems • Distributed systems • Network protocols • Wireless networking • Mobile computing • Sensor systems (Evolved from the HCS group managed by Chandu Thekkath) COMBINE: collaborative downloading

  21. Mobility, Networks & Systems People Research Staff • Ganesh Ananthanarayanan • Assistant Researcher (BITS Pilani) • Ranjita Bhagwan • Researcher (IITKGP UCSD  IBM Research) • Venkat Padmanabhan (Research Manager) • Senior Researcher (IITD Berkeley  MSR-Redmond) • Ram Ramjee • Senior Researcher (IITM UMass  Bell Labs) • Lenin Sivalingam • Assistant Researcher (Anna University) • Interns • Anmol Sheth (Colorado) • Thanks to…! • Prof. Uday Desai (IIT-Bombay) • For consulting in 2005 • Chandu Thekkath (MSR SVC) • For providing leadership throughout • Sean Blagsvedt • For conceptual and technical contributions to projects so far

  22. Mobility, Networks & Systems Sample Projects Proximity Networking • SPACE: Lightweight Peer-to-Peer Trust • ACM HotNets 2006 • COMBINE: Collaborative Downloading • IEEE HotMobile 2007 (to appear) • WiFiAds: Location-sensitive Advertising • IEEE HotMobile 2007 (to appear) Sensor Networking • SenSlide: Sensor System for Landslide Prediction • ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review, 2007 (to appear) SPACE: establishing peer-to-peer trust

  23. Outline People Research • ADP, CSA, DGR, MNS, MLS, RSE, TEM Publications Technology Transfer External Research & Programs Miscellaneous

  24. Multilingual Systems Goals To develop seamless natural-language-neutral approaches in all aspects of linguistic computing To help create an Indic-language research ecosystem wikiBABEL project

  25. Multilingual Systems People Research staff • Kumaran A (Group Head) • Corpora Tools, CLIR, Multilingual Database Systems • Baskaran S • Machine Translation, Linguistic Tools • Raghavendra Udupa • Machine Translation, Comparable Corpora • Kalika Bali • Phonetics, Speech Processing, Linguistic Tools • Jagadeesh J • Document Understanding • Interns/Developers • Saravanan K (Developer) • Srinivasan, IIIT-B • Sonali, IIIT-B • Tejaswi, IIIT-A • Sandeep, BITS • Lucia, Sao Paulo (to join)

  26. Glyphic Phonemic Intonation Studies TTP SQL Operators wikiBabel Comp. Corpus MachineTranslation Char-set Conversion Summarization Transliteration Ontologies POS Tags Language Research Text Language Tools Corpora Collection & Management Multilingual Systems Project Overview

  27. Project Focus Areas Machine Translation & Transliteration Machine Learning-based Frameworks Primarily, between English and Indian Languages Linguistic Tools & Ontologies Basic Tool-set in Indian languages Automatic “inference” of Linguistic Ontologies from corpora Corpora Collection for Research Various Linguistic Corpora in Indian Languages Cross-lingual Search

  28. Corpora Collection: Goals To collect Indian languages corpora to support our internal research To create a collaborative eco-system for standardization, creation/collection & sharing

  29. Corpora Collection: Methodology 1. Acquisition of Corpora 2. Standards Definitions & Creation 3. Community Contributed Collaborative Efforts 4. Mine “rich” data from large volumes of “plain-vanilla” data

  30. Outline People Research • ADP, CSA, DGR, MNS, MLS, RSE, TEM Publications Technology Transfer External Research & Programs Miscellaneous

  31. Rigorous Software Engineering Vision Improve productivity by bringing rigor to “software development in the large” Look at Microsoft platform from the point of view of partners and customers, and conduct research to improve their productivity RSE team, summer 2006

  32. Staff Krishna Mehra B Tech, IIT Kharagpur Prasad Naldurg PhD, U. Illinois at Urbana Champaign Aditya Nori PhD, Indian Institute of Science Sriram Rajamani PhD, UC Berkeley Ganesan Ramalingam PhD, U of Wisconsin Subbu Velaga B Tech, IIT Kharagpur Rigorous Software Engineering People • Interns • Chris Conway, NYU • Sumit Jha, CMU • Avik Choudhury, UC Santa Cruz • Prakash Chandrasekharan, CMI • Madhu Gopinathan, IISc • Kapil Vaswani, IISc • Bhargav Gulavani, IIT-Bombay • Visiting Researchers • Stefan Schwoon, Stuttgart • Prasad Sistla, U Chicago

  33. Code Analysis Yogi: Combining testing and verification for analyzing binaries PPP: Preferential Path Profiling Shape analysis Analysis of binaries Configuration Analysis Netra: Seeing through access control Design Clarity: Programming asynchronous layers Roundtrip: Validating O/R maps Design Rules: Verifying and enforcing rules that involve multiple inter-related objects Rigorous Software Engineering Projects

  34. Aditya Nori Bhargav Gulavani Thomas Henzinger Yamini Kannan Sriram Rajamani Synergy Interleave testing and verification to identify bugs in code or to provide correctness proofs. • Group: Rigorous Software Engineering • Title: “Synergy: A new algorithm for property checking” • Authors: Bhargav S. Gulavani, Thomas A. Henzinger, Yamini Kannan, Aditya V. Nori and Sriram K. Rajamani • Venue: 14th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Software Engineering (FSE), November 2006. One step of Synergy on sample code ACM/SIGSOFT Distinguished Paper Award!

  35. Papers • Kapil Vaswani, Aditya V. Nori and Trishul M. Chilimbi. Preferential Path Profiling: Compactly Numbering Interesting Paths. Proceedings of the 34th Annual Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages (POPL), ACM Press,  January 2007. • Bhargav S. Gulavani, Thomas A. Henzinger, Yamini Kannan, Aditya V. Nori and Sriram K. Rajamani. Synergy: A new algorithm for property checking. Proceedings of the 14th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Software Engineering (FSE), ACM Press, November 2006. WINNER OF ACM SIGSOFT DISTINGUISHED PAPER AWARD • Prasad Naldurg, Stefan Schwoon, Sriram Rajamani and John Lambert. NETRA: Seeing Through Access Control. 4th ACM Workshop on Formal Methods in Security Engineering: From Specifications to Code (FMSE), November 2006. • Bhargav  S. Gulavani and Sriram K. Rajamani. Counterexample driven Refinement for Abstract Interpretation. Proceedings of 12th International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems (TACAS), March 2006.

  36. Outline People Research • ADP, CSA, DGR, MNS, MLS, RSE, TEM Publications Technology Transfer External Research & Programs Miscellaneous

  37. Technology for Emerging Markets Goals Social: • Understand (potential) technology users in emerging-market countries • E.g., urban middle-class • E.g., rural entrepreneurs Technical: • Identify applications of computing that support socio-economic development of poor communities worldwide Sugarcane co-op member using a mobile phone to check on details of his harvest in Warana, Maharashtra

  38. Interdisciplinary Research Aishwarya Lakshmi Ratan – Public Administration and International Development Jonathan Donner Society Society – Communications Nimmi Rangaswamy – Social Anthropology Group Group Impact Impact Rajesh Veeraraghavan Understanding Understanding Computer Science and Economics – Indrani Medhi Individual Individual Design – Kentaro Toyama – Computer Science Technology Technology Randy Wang Innovation Innovation – Computer Science Udai Singh Pawar – Physics

  39. Areas of Work • Education • Agriculture • Computer-Illiterates • Healthcare • Rural PC Kiosks • Microentrepreneurs • Urban Consumers • Credit and Microfinance • Development

  40. Technology for Emerging Markets People Research Staff • Jonathan Donner • Researcher, PhD, Stanford • Indrani Medhi • Asst. Researcher, MDes, Ill. Inst. Tech. • Udai Singh Pawar • Asst. Researcher, MSc, IIT-Kanpur • Nimmi Rangaswamy • Assoc. Researcher, PhD, Mumbai • Aishwarya Lakshmi Ratan • Assoc. Researcher, MPA, Harvard • Kentaro Toyama (Group Head) • Principal Researcher, PhD, Yale • Rajesh Veeraraghavan • Assoc. Researcher, MS, Clemson • Randy Wang • Researcher, PhD, UC Berkeley • Interns • Shabnam Aggarwal [CMU] • Savita Bailur [London School of Econ] • Divya Balachandran [BITS Pilani] • Rahul Gupta [BITS Pilani] • Shanks Krishnan [GA Tech] • Renee Kuriyan [UC Berkeley] • Joyojeet Pal [UC Berkeley] • Bharathi Pitti [BITS Pilani] • Sireesh Sriramula [BITS Pilani] • Molly Steenson [Yale] • Carolyn Wei [U Washington] • Naga Yasodhar [BITS Pilani] Joined in 2006

  41. Rural Microfinance and IT Peri-Urban Internet Cafes Technology for Emerging Markets Can computers help existing structures for rural microfinance? Study of Internet cafes in areas between urban and rural Sample Projects Aishwarya Lakshmi Ratan MPA, International Development Nimmi Rangaswamy PhD, Sociology MultiPoint for Education Computers in Agriculture Digital Study Hall Experiments with computing and communication systems in agriculture DVD exchange over postal service and TVs as display for rural education Multiple mice to multiply the value of PCs in schools. Udai Singh Pawar MSc, Physics Rajesh Veeraraghavan MS, Economics and CS Randy Wang PhD, Computer Science Preventative Healthcare Participatory Development IT and Microentrepreneurs UIs without text for users who are illliterate and may never have seen a computer before An analysis of ICT in development projects using the lens of post-colonial theory. Information ecology of small businesses in developing markets Indrani Medhi MDes, Design Jonathan Donner PhD, Communications Savita Bailur PhD cand., Information Sys.

  42. Multi-Mouse for Education Problem: PCs in emerging-market schools are used in a one-to-many fashion. Solution:Multiply the value of PCs by allowing multiple USB mice to be plugged into a PC, with each mouse having a cursor on-screen with a different color. Children grasp the concept immediately and show greater engagement. Papers presented at WWW2006 & ICTD2006. Currently working on software SDK to be distributed online, as well as studies to test educational value of multi-mouse paradigm. Before After More info: udaip@microsoft.com

  43. Text-Free User Interfaces Job search for domestic laborers Problem: Can a UI be developed to allow an illiterate, first-time PC user to access information he/she needs without any assistance or prompting? Solution: Liberal use of semi-abstracted cartoons; voice feedback; introductory video for broad context Subjects who initially don’t want to touch the PC become engaged users; subjects who can read a little bit, still prefer text-free UI. Papers presented at AACC 2005 and ICTD 2006. Currently working on an authoring tool, and testing in different domains (e.g., healthcare). More info: indranim@microsoft.com

  44. Indrani Medhi Aman Sagar Kentaro Toyama Text-Free UI Identify design principles for designing UIs that allow non-literate, first-time computers user to gain value from their first interaction with a computer. • Group: Tech for Emerging Markets • Title: “Text-Free User Interfaces for Illiterate and Semi-Literate Users” • Authors: Indrani Medhi, Aman Sagar, Kentaro Toyama • Venue: IEEE/ACM First Int’l Conference on Information and Communication Technology and Develompent, UC Berkeley, May 2006. Text-free user interface? Selected for special issue of ITID: ICTD2006 Best Papers!

  45. Outline People Research Publications Technology Transfer External Research & Programs Miscellaneous

  46. Publications Overview Research papers • 41 published to date • 17 additional accepted • 24 submitted, in review • ~2.5 papers per technical staff, ~6.8 papers per PhD (per year) Major conferences and journals • Software Engineering • FSE, TACAS, POPL, FMSE • Graphics and HCI • CHI, SIGGRAPH (sketches) • Databases: ICDE • ICT for Development: • ICTD, ITID, EPIC • Mobility: HotMobile, SenSys • Other: WWW, IJCAI Two Best Paper Awards in 2006!

  47. Outline People Research Publications Technology Transfer External Research & Programs Miscellaneous

  48. Outline People Research • ADP, CSA, DGR, MNS, MLS, RSE, TEM Publications Technology Transfer External Research & Programs Miscellaneous

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