Warm Up

1. Warm Up Work silently. Raise hand to ask Ms. Hughes anything. Get a pink packet from the side shelves. These are our warm up’s from now on. Do NOT write the question, only the answer. Do NOT write in the packet. Write on a SEPARATE sheet. Label the warm up with the date. This is GEE practice so you must put an answer for EVERY question even if it’s a guess. Leave NOTHING blank. After time we will go over them. When finished, put the papers in the CORRECT order and put the rubber band back on.

2. Announcements • Unit 3 test next Friday (2/5) • If you have not taken 2 chemistry tests yet this semester, see me after to arrange a make up

3. Mystery Element #1: Too little of this element in the body causes osteoporosis. #2: You can get this element from drinking milk #3: It is good for your bones!

4. Take 1

5. Unit 2 1st: Grandmasters • Above 80% • Gilbert Ceaser • Markeva Clark • Whitley Matthews • Myran Riley • Alvionne Williams • Above 90% • Tracy Cao • Jasmine Johnson* • Domonique LeBlanc • Schatasha Nelson

6. Unit 2 1st: Grandmasters • Significant Improvement! • Donelle McFadden • Keith Simpson • 100% attendance • Tracy Cao • Anthony Burthlong • Tracy Cao • Gilbert Ceaser • Markeva Clark • Whitley Matthews • Schatasha Nelson • Kevin Nguyen • Myran Riley • Keith Simpson • Alvionne Williams

7. Unit 2 2nd: Grandmasters • Above 80%, Unit 2 • Tanisha Glenn* • Cherri Rhea • Alexis Watts • Above 90%, Unit 2 • Ronika Brown

8. Unit 2 2nd: Grandmasters • 100% Attendance • Ronika Brown • Tanisha Glenn • Johnell Osby • Cherri Rhea • Taylor Starks • Alexis Watts • Significant Improvement • Johnell Osby

9. Unit 2 4th: Grandmasters • Above 80%, Unit 2 • Shandin Burke • Jomira Jackson • Chris Wilkerson • Wendy Williams • Above 90%, Unit 2 • Ruben Jeanpierre

10. Unit 2 4th: Grandmasters • 100% Attendance • Shandin Burke • Jomira Jackson • Daviyale Johnson • Linette Reed • Significant Improvement • Daviyale Johnson

11. Chemistry Résumé • What’s a résumé? - To track your success in Unit 1 - It will show you how well you did on each GLE • What’s a GLE?

12. The BIG GOAL: 80% Mastery of ALL GLEs

13. Why 80% Mastery? • Graduate high school • Pass the GEE Science Exam • Graduate college • Solve your own problems • $$$

14. If I didn’t get mastery, is that it? No! • Get 20 min tutoring • Retake the GLEs you didn’t master • Raise your grade • Increase future opportunities!

15. For those who took the Unit 2 test, complete your tracking sheet • Get calculators from the bin. Return them when finished • Raise hand to ask questions • Those without a test to track, read the “brain plasticity” article and answer the questions on another sheet of paper

16. Done with Unit 2… Unit 3: Atomic Models Test 1 week from Friday

17. Answering Short Answer Questions

18. Writing a Great Short Answer Steps 1. Restate the Question: recycle the words from the question and use them in your answer 2. Answer the question completely(Some questions have multiple parts; make sure that you address every aspect of the question. ) • Never leave it blank!!! • Use complete sentences • Be clear and get to the point(Plan your answer before you start. Even if it is not a long essay question, think for a moment about how you want to organize your thoughts. Make notes in the margin to put your points in order.) • Use correct…. • Capitalization • Usage • Punctuation • Spelling • Write neatly

19. Example of Restating Let's say a question on your test is: “What are two causes of the Civil War?" Your answer should look something like this: "Two causes of the Civil War were states' rights and opposition to slavery." This is a great short answer. It repeats key words from the question, "two causes of the Civil War." The reader doesn't have to guess what the question was; he can tell from the wording of your answer.

20. Practice Restating the Question: Directions: Restate the questions below only, do not worry about answering the question (there may be more then one correct way to restate) 1. Why is it important to do your homework? 2. List two books you read last semester. • Explain the difference between compounds, elements, and mixtures • According to Homer-Dixon, what are the three types of scarcity?

21. Possible correct answers • Why is it important to do your homework? “It is important to do your homework because…” • List two books you read last semester. “Two book is read last semester were…” • Explain the difference between compounds and elements. “Elements and compounds differ because…” 4. According to Homer-Dixon, what are the three types of scarcity? “According to Homer-Dixon, the three types of scarcity are…”

22. Which is the better short answer and why? Question: “What is the difference between velocity and speed?” Answer #1: “They’re different because one of them also has direction.” Answer #2: “The difference between velocity and speed is that velocity includes both the direction of motion and the speed at which the object is traveling.”

23. Now you try one alone: (Be sure to restate the question as well as answer all parts of the question) Name your two favorite teachers and give a reason why each one is your favorite.

24. Share your answer with a partner near you. Check your partner’s answer. Does the answer begin by restating the question? Did your partner answer all parts of the question? Is the answer explained with specific details? Does their response use correct grammar and complete sentences? Is their answer clear and organized? Give your partner feedback about their response. Tell your partner how they could have explained their answer better and what you felt was good about their answers.

25. Malleable Intelligence Intelligence is malleable, NOT fixed!

26. Malleable This means that your intelligence can be CHANGED!! No one is ¨dumb¨ or ¨smart¨! The harder you work, the more you learn, and the SMARTER YOU GET!

27. Your I WILL Is More Important Than Your IQ

28. Most People Believe That You Are Born With a Certain Amount of Intelligence THIS IS FALSE

29. Thought Experiment! • Think of something you are good at now • Were you always good at that thing? • How did you become good?

30. It’s like a video game; if you keep playing you get better and better.

31. muscle

32. Stronger

33. “Brain Plasticity” • Short Answer Response practice: Answer the following using what we learned today in how to write a good short answer • What is brain plasticity? How is it related to learning? Give at least one example of brain plasticity.

34. Share your answer with a partner near you. Check your partner’s answer. Does the answer begin by restating the question? Did your partner answer all parts of the question? Is the answer explained with specific details? Does their response use correct grammar and complete sentences? Is their answer clear and organized? Give your partner feedback about their response. Tell your partner how they could have explained their answer better and what you felt was good about their answers.

35. Fixed v Malleable Perspective • Challenge • Effectiveness of hard work • Setbacks • Criticism • Success of others

36. Done with Unit 2… Unit 3: Atomic Models Test 1 week from Friday

37. What to look forward to • We’ll see how scientists figured out that matter is made of atoms when even though they could not see atoms • What all the stuff on the periodic table means • We’ll see how ideas become theories • We’ll see how great scientists were wrong

38. What is an atom? An atom is the smallest particle of matter that still keeps the identity of a substance. Beaker of Gold (Au)

39. What is an atom? An atom is the smallest particle of matter that still keeps the identity of a substance. atom Beaker of Gold (Au)

40. So How’d They Do It? How do you think scientists learned about the particles of a substance when they couldn’t even see them? In other words, how did they know that all matter was made of tiny particles?

41. Unit 3: Atoms and the Periodic Table What should we understand? The atom is so central to our understanding of chemistry because it is these particles that determine what we can observe about all matter. Everything is composed of atoms. We have to be informed of ALL models of the atom.

42. Scientists have come up with… -Hypotheses: -Theories:

43. Scientists have come up with… -Hypotheses: • A hypothesis is an educated guess - Experiments must be conducted to test hypothesis -What is a theory? • A theory is an explanation that has been supported by many, many experiments • Supported over time • Must be REPRODUCIBLE • Can be changed.

44. Big Players in Atomic Theory Democritus (460-370 B.C.) Aristotle (384-322 B.C.) John Dalton (1808) J.J. Thomson (1898) R.A. Millikan (1909) Ernest Rutherford (1909) Niels Bohr (1913) Chadwick (1932) Schrodinger (1936)

45. Challenge Time How does it feel to be one of those scientists, investigating the structure of atoms??? Draw a picture of how you think the tube is constructed. What’s the right answer?

46. Sorry… • Scientists can’t open up atoms to “see if they are right” • They just have to keep doing experiments and adding the evidence together • If enough evidence adds up, if enough experiments are REPRODUCED we have a THEORY • Until new evidence comes along to revise, support, or reject it

47. Numero Uno! - Democritus(460-370 B.C.) • Experiment: Observations and Inferences (no REAL experiment …just IDEAS) • Where: Greece • When: 420 B.C. • First theory of the atom • The “birth” of the atom

48. Democritus - Conclusions • Matter is composed of tiny particles called atoms • Atoms can’t be broken down (they are the smallest particle) • Different kinds of atoms have different sizes and shapes • Atoms move through empty space Page 88

49. Number 2 - Aristotle(384-322 B.C.) • Aristotle gave us this quote… • “We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence, therefore, is not an act but a habit.” • Among other things… • He challenged the ideas of Democritus • He did not think the “nothingness” of empty space could exist Page 88-89

50. Democritus 420 B.C, Greece - Matter is made of “tiny, indivisible particles”, called atoms and empty space. No experiments. REJECTED!