Estimating Reservoir Potential of Wadis by Waveform Inversion and Land Streamers

1. Estimating Reservoir Potential of Wadis by Waveform Inversion and Land Streamers

2. Motivation To characterize the shallow subsurface at WadiQudaid for its water storage and reuse potential.

3. Area of Interest KAUST

4. Collected Geophysical Data (Seismic Data)

5. Seismic DataCSG Samples 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Time (s) Time (s) Time (s) Time (s) 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 232 232 232 232 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 X (m) X (m) X (m) X (m)

6. Data Processing • Apply a bandpass filter of 15 ~ 70 Hz. • Correct for the geometric spreading: 3D → 2D. • Correct for attenuation by an estimated Q. • Mute the near-offset traces within 14 m. • Extract a natural source wavelet by averaging the near-offset first arrivals.

7. Seismic Result

8. Collected Geophysical Data (Resistivity Data)

9. Resistivity Result P2 P2 P1 P1

10. Land Streamer Test Test # 1 Saudi Arabia

11. Land Streamer Geophysical Field Laboratory at KAUST has • 5 land streamers • P-wave geophones • 24-channel at each streamer • Up to 2 m geophone interval

12. Test # 1 • Data are collected at Saudi Arabia • Two parallel lines are collected • The first is a conventional seismic profile, where geophones are planted in the ground • The second is a land streamer survey

13. Land Streamer Conventional Seismic 1.5 m Shot Location

14. Trace Comparison a) CSG # 74, Convention Seismic Data 0 Time (s) 0.2 93 153 X (m)

15. Trace Comparison b) CSG # 74, Land Streamer Seismic Data 0 Time (s) 0.2 93 153 X (m)

16. Land Streamer Test Test # 2 Robotec Survey Utah, USA

17. Test # 2Robotic Land Streamer • Data are collected at Utah, USA • One profile is collected with 10 CSGs • In each shot gather the land streamer moved 10 times to give a total number of traces/shot gather of 231 Shot Loc. ………… Position 1 Position 2 Position 3 Position 10

19. Test # 2CSG Sample 0.0 Sample 550 0.0 17.56 X (m) Sample interval = 2 ms