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Gerunds

Gerunds. Recognize a gerund when you see one. Every gerund, without exception, ends in ing . Gerunds are not, however, all that easy to identify. The problem is that all present participles also end in ing . What is the difference?

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Gerunds

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  1. Gerunds

  2. Recognize a gerund when you see one. Every gerund, without exception, ends in ing. Gerunds are not, however, all that easy to identify. The problem is that all present participles also end in ing. What is the difference? Gerunds function as nouns. Thus, gerunds will be subjects, subject complements, direct objects, indirect objects, and objects of prepositions. Present participles, on the other hand, complete progressive verbs or act as modifiers.

  3. Read these examples of gerunds: Since Francisco was five years old, swimming has been his passion. Swimming = subject of the verb has been. Francisco's first love is swimming. Swimming = subject complement of the verb is. Francisco enjoys swimming more than spending time with his girlfriend Diana. Swimming = direct object of the verb enjoys. Francisco gives swimming all of his energy and time. Swimming = indirect object of the verb gives. When Francisco wore dive fins to class, everyone knew that he was devoted to swimming. Swimming = object of the preposition to.

  4. These ing words are examples of present participles: One day last summer, Francisco and his coach were swimming at Daytona Beach. Swimming = present participle completing the past progressive verb were swimming. A Great White shark ate Francisco's swimming coach. Swimming = present participle modifying coach. Now Francisco practices his sport in safe swimming pools. Swimming = present participle modifying pools.

  5. Exercise 1. If you attempt (do)  it one more time, you must think about the consequences! 2. Does this work involve much (travel)  ? 3. He begged (not/tell)  his mother. 4. He does not permit anybody (smoke)  in his house. 5. He does not resent (be)  laughed at! 6. He has attempted (pass)  his exam, but unfortunately he fail it. 7. He should instruct you (do)  this work. It is his responsibility. 8. He strives (be)  one of the best! 9. Here you will find all necessary information that will enable you (do)  this kind of work. If you still have any questions, don’t hesitate (ask)  me. 10. I adore (stay)  on my own.

  6. Continue… 1. I am longing (see)  you. 2. I appreciate your (stay)  with me. 3. I cannot admit (do)  this as it is not my fault. 4. I cannot delay (sign)  the contract. 5. I cannot postpone (do)  this work as it does not depend on me. 6. I cannot resist (eat)  cakes. 7. I cannot urge them (work)  more quickly as I cannot persuade them (do)  what they do not need (do) . 8. I claim (enable)  me (do)  this according to our agreement. 9 I consider it (be)  the most foolish thing you have ever done. 10. I detest (quarrel)  with people.

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