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America’s Economic Revolution

America’s Economic Revolution. Chapter 10. Chapter Objectives. Factors in the US economic revolution Interpret population growth between 1820-1840 and how it changed the nation 1) economic 2) Society 3) Politics

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America’s Economic Revolution

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  1. America’sEconomic Revolution Chapter 10

  2. Chapter Objectives • Factors in the US economic revolution • Interpret population growth between 1820-1840 and how it changed the nation • 1) economic • 2) Society • 3) Politics • How did the Industrial revolution effect the Northern and Southern society and economy

  3. Population Changes

  4. Immigration

  5. Where they came from

  6. Where they came from

  7. Irish in America • 1840 Potato Famine • Roman-Catholic • Poor • Hated the British and Blacks • Cops New York Boston • Voted Together

  8. Germans in America • Some Possessions • More educated than Irish • Opposed Slavery • Spread out Across the Country • Wisconsin

  9. “Foreigners Need Not Apply” • Roman Catholics • Prejudices • Riots and Gangs • Own Education • Native American Party • Know-Nothing Party

  10. Erie Canal • Governor DeWitt Clinton • Cuts travel time • Cut transportation cost • Farms to cities • Connects Hudson River with Lake Erie

  11. Iron Horse 1828 • Competition Moved goods and people 1860 • Consolidation • (B &O) • 30,000 miles of track

  12. Transportation Links England New England Manufactured goods West Grain / Livestock Europe Railroads South Cotton

  13. Clippers • Speed • Small cargo • Replaced by steam ships

  14. Telegraph 1844 • Samuel Morse creates the telegraph • Western Union

  15. Associated Press • 1846 Steam Press • News travels fast • Telegraph • Wider circulation • Horace Greeley’s “Tribune” • Sectional Problem North South VS.

  16. Market Revolution • Goods began to be purchased not made • People went to work • Women went to work • Rich and poor gap close • Social climbing now possible

  17. Commerce and Industry

  18. Expansion of Business • Larger cities Specialize • General Stores in Rural communities • Free Corporations • 1848 • Limited Liability No more legislatures little credit

  19. The Factory Mass Production homemade • Rapid Growth • Specialized

  20. North East • Half of Factories in Northeast by 1860 • 2/3 of national production • 2/3 of the industrial workers

  21. The Inventors • Eli Whitney • 1793 Cotton gin • 1798 muskets all the same • Interchanging parts • Mass production • Elias Howe • 1846 Sewing machine • Isaac Singer • Charles Goodyear • Tires • Samuel F.B. Morse • Telegraph

  22. Women to work • Homemade • No Unions • Lowell Girls • Single Life • Industrial Revolution • Smaller families • Women in factories • Catharine Beecher • Women Teachers

  23. The Workers • Immigrate workers • Harsh conditions • Low pay personal impersonal to • No Labor Unions • 10 hour work day • Commonwealth vs. Hunt • Child labor • Free Labor • Deskilling

  24. Patterns of Industrial Society • 1860 • 5% of families controlled 50% of wealth • Rich vs. Poor • Urban Poor • Immigrants • African American • Social Mobility “Safety Valve” • Make life better for children • American Dream

  25. Industrial SocietyMiddle Class • Fast Growing • Owned Homes • Homes • Carpeting • Furniture • Wallpaper • Parlor • Indoor plumbing • Cast Iron Stove • Ice Box • Business Owners • Women stayed home

  26. The Changing Family • Families break up to find work • Drop in family run businesses • Women more domestic • Falling Birth rates • 1800 7 children • 1860 5 children • Increase abstinence • “The Cult of Domesticity” • Few opportunities • Oberlin College

  27. Leisure Activities • Saloon’s • Women's clubs • Romance Novels • Minstrel shows • Sporting events

  28. PT Barnum

  29. Agricultural North • Commercial Farming • Industrialization • Specialization • Religious • Rural Life

  30. Farming Revolution • 1834 Cyrus McCormick • mower-reaper • John Deere • steel plow

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