US Coast Guard Motorcycle Safety Summit

1. US Coast Guard Motorcycle Safety Summit Mark Mattiko, M.Ed Substance Abuse Program Manager United States Coast Guard 8/25/2008

3. So, what do we know?

4. So, what do we know? We know that: Some things just don’t go together!

5. Pathophysiology of Stupid AMA established as a disease in 50’s Over 720 scientific studies verifying addiction is a disease 39% of people fatally injured in traffic crashes were alcohol related NHTSA, 2006

6. Motorcycles, fast cars, fast woman USCG ALCOHOL

7. DoD Alcohol Use Trends(1980-2005) Statistically significant increase from 1980 * Heavy Alcohol Use = 5 or more drinks/occasion at least once a week in past 30 days. *Significant at .05 level Substance Use

8. USCG Math(Alcohol Consumption Pattern Recommendation for men)NIAAA & WHO Monday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday

9. USCG Math(Alcohol Consumption Pattern) Underway Week 1 Mon Tues Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Underway Week 2 Mon Tues Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

10. USCG Math Underway Week 1 Mon Tues Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Underway Week 2 Mon Tues Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Liberty Night 1

11. Binge DrinkingRates by Service, 2002 - 2005 Binge Drinking = 5 or more drinks on a single occasion at least once in in the past 30 days *Significant difference between 2002 and 2005 at .05 level. Civilian estimate for 1-4 years past High School reported from Monitoring the Future, past 2 weeks, 2004. Substance Use

12. Binge DrinkingRates by Service, 2002 - 2005 Binge Drinking = 5 or more drinks on a single occasion at least once in in the past 30 days *Significant difference between 2002 and 2005 at .05 level. Civilian estimate for 1-4 years past High School reported from Monitoring the Future, past 2 weeks, 2004. Substance Use

13. Binge DrinkingRates by Service, 2002 - 2005 Binge Drinking = 5 or more drinks on a single occasion at least once in in the past 30 days *Significant difference between 2002 and 2005 at .05 level. Civilian estimate for 1-4 years past High School reported from Monitoring the Future, past 2 weeks, 2004. Substance Use

14. Binge DrinkingRates by Service, 2002 - 2005 Binge Drinking = 5 or more drinks on a single occasion at least once in in the past 30 days *Significant difference between 2002 and 2005 at .05 level. Civilian estimate for 1-4 years past High School reported from Monitoring the Future, past 2 weeks, 2004. Substance Use

18. Brain Matures

19. PublicServiceAnnouncemt.mp3

20. 31-62% 22-28% 3-12%** **MSE very high; speculation not wise Recommended Standards for USCG**Based on World Health Organization, NIAAA & DSM IV criterion Responsible Alcohol Use Per session 2 drinks for woman 3 for men Not to exceed 15 per week for men; 10 for women. Harmful Use Causing damage to health: Physical – Hang over Damage to liver Mental – Anxiety Depression onset Social – Isolating Hazardous Use Places self or others at risk Vehicle accidents Does not drink then binges heavily Has physical, mental, social, and consequences Dependency & Tolerance Does not demonstrate impairment at high ETOH blood levels i.e. Has .20 ETOH level “and was fine” DSM IV Criterion

21. Serious Incidents for USCG**Based on World Health Organization, HRB, NIAAA & DSM IV criterion & USCG Data Responsible Alcohol Use Per session 2 drinks for woman 3 for men Not to exceed 15 per week Harmful Use Causing damage to health: Physical – Hang over Damage to liver Mental – Anxiety Depression onset Social – Isolating Hazardous Use Places self or others at risk Vehicle accidents Does not drink then binges heavily Has physical, mental, social, and consequences Dependency & Tolerance Does not demonstrate impairment at high ETOH blood levels i.e. Has .20 ETOH level “and was fine” DSM IV Criterion ~ 85% of Coast Guard Incidents Live HERE!

22. Alcohol Use And Disease Risk for health problems Number of standard drinks per day

23. Alcohol Use And Disease Risk for health problems Number of standard drinks per day

24. Risk Of Alcoholic Cirrhosis Alcohol Cirrhosis Odds Ratio (drinks/day) (%) for Cirrhosis Teetotaler 0.04 0 < 3 0.15 0 3 - 6 1.0 10.9 > 6 - 9 2.3 25.0 > 9 4.9+ 52.9+ *Bellentani, Tiribelli. 2001

25. Epidemiology & Consequences of Drinking and DrivingNIAAA & NHTSA, 2003 & 2004 • 82 million drunk driving trips with BAC’s above .08 each year • 1.5 million DUI arrests each year • For every arrest 56 get away • A BAC of .08 or > guarantees you: • Reduced peripheral vision • Poor recovery from glare • Decrease performance in complex tracking • Reduced attention span • Impaired balance

29. Do we have a responsibility to those who are not responsible for themselves?

30. Comments Easy Questions (Job Offers) Support Slides

31. Other Slides • Other Slides Other Slides Other Slides

33. 2007 USCG Separations

37. Standardized Comparisons of Substance Use, Past 30 Days, by Age Group, 2005 Ages 18-25 Ages 26-55 Ages 18-25 Ages 26-55 Ages 18-25 Ages 26-55 Heavy alcohol = 5 or more drinks per occasion at least once a week in past 30 days. *Statistically significant from Civilian at .05 level. Civilian data are from 2004 National Survey on Drug Use and Health and were standardized to the U.S. based 2005 military data by gender, age, education, race/ethnicity, and marital status. Substance Use

38. Hurdles and Roadblocks • Currency of USCG Data is poor • Glamorization of Drinking • Cultural Shift amongst Heavy Drinkers • Alcohol Industry Spent 2 Billion (in 2003) • Complex Societal Health Problem

39. “The Way Ahead” • Enter HRB DoD Study: Scientific Data • Rethink our Strategic Plan (Seybold Model) • Total SAFE Rewrite • More personal • Greater Chief involvement • Command Consistency

40. EDUCATION PREVENTION Data TREATMENT Substance Abuse Prevention Program Philosophy

41. Biophysiology of Alcohol Abuse & Addiction

42. Recommended Standards for USCG**Based on World Health Organization, NIAAA & DSM IV criterion Responsible Alcohol Use Per session 2 drinks for woman 3 for men Not to exceed 15 per week Harmful Use Causing damage to health: Physical – Hang over Damage to liver Mental – Anxiety Depression onset Social – Isolating Hazardous Use Places self or others at risk Vehicle accidents Does not drink then binges heavily Has physical, mental, social, and consequences Dependency & Tolerance Does not demonstrate impairment at high ETOH blood levels i.e. Has .20 ETOH level “and was fine” DSM IV Criterion

44. Frequency of Alcohol Use by PWP Responders N=6000+ 7.00% Respondents had at least 3 drinks per day. 6.00% 5.00% Male Female 4.00% Percent 3.00% 2.00% 1.00% 0.00% 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 drinks or more At Risk Population

46. So how much does substance abuse cost the USCG?

47. Drinking may not be so bad, say scientists Posted TueJul 10, 200712:10pm AEST Scientists say the research shows drinking alcohol does not kill off brain cells. (Neuroscientists say a recent report indicates moderate drinking may have a positive effect on the health of a person's brain. Some of the world's top neuroscientists are meeting in Cairns, in far north Queensland, to discuss ground-breaking research that shows brain cells continue to grow throughout our lifetime. Queensland Brain Institute director Professor Perry Bartlett says the report shows drinking alcohol does not kill off brain cells - and that drinking up to four standard glasses of wine a night might be beneficial. "One of the myths was that once you were born you never had the capability of making new brain cells," he said. "In fact, we now know that even in old people, one's capable of making new brain cells and most recent evidence suggests that the making of brain cells is very important in maintaining good mental health." Professor Bartlett says evidence suggests that moderate drinking is also beneficial to the vascular system. "[It] may well help to prevent things like stroke and heart disease so there may be a positive effect of moderate drinking on brain health," he said.