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PLANT REPRODUCTION

PLANT REPRODUCTION. PHOTOPERIODISM. The critical factor that influences flowering is the number of hours of uninterrupted hours of darkness , not the number of daylight hours. The flowering response is called photoperiodism. PHOTOPERIODISM.

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PLANT REPRODUCTION

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  1. PLANT REPRODUCTION

  2. PHOTOPERIODISM • The critical factor that influences flowering is the number of hours of uninterrupted hours of darkness, not the number of daylight hours. • The flowering response is called photoperiodism.

  3. PHOTOPERIODISM • The beginning of flower development for each flowering species of plant is in response to the number of hours of darkness. • This is called the plant’s critical period.

  4. PHOTOPERIODISM • Flowering plants are placed into four different flowering groups: • Short-day plants • Long-day plants • Intermediate-day plants • Day-neutral plants

  5. PHOTOPERIODISM Short-Day Plants • These plants flower when their number of hours of darkness are greater than their critical period. • These plants flower in the fall, winter, and spring.

  6. PHOTOPERIODISM Long-Day Plants • These plants flower when their number of hours of darkness are less than their critical period. • These plants flower in the summer.

  7. PHOTOPERIODISM Intermediate-Day Plants • These plants flower when their number of hours of darkness are not too great or too few. • These plants flower in tropical regions.

  8. PHOTOPERIODISM Day-Neutral Plants • These plants flower regardless of the number of hours of darkness as long as there is enough photosynthesis to support growth.

  9. SEED AND FRUIT DEVELOPMENT Pollination occurs when the pollen grain of a species of plant lands on the female reproductive structure of the same species.

  10. SEED AND FRUIT DEVELOPMENT The pollen grain then grows a pollen tube through the style of the plant into the ovary where fertilization occurs.

  11. SEED AND FRUIT DEVELOPMENT Once fertilization occurs, a seed develops.

  12. SEED AND FRUIT DEVELOPMENT Parts of Seeds • Endosperm – a tissue that provides nourishment for the embryo. • Seed Coat – Protective outer covering of the seed.

  13. SEED AND FRUIT DEVELOPMENT Germination-When the embryo in a seed starts to grow. Germination begins when the seed absorbs water either as a liquid or as a gas and the seed swells, breaking the seed coat.

  14. SEED AND FRUIT DEVELOPMENT Plants can be identified as monocots or dicots by comparing seed, flower, and leaf structure.

  15. SEED AND FRUIT DEVELOPMENT Monocots • Petals in multiples of 3 • Leaves have parallel veins and are long and narrow. • Seed has a single cotyledon

  16. SEED AND FRUIT DEVELOPMENT Dicots • Petals in multiples of 4 or 5 • Leaves have a netted, veined pattern. • Seed has two cotyledons

  17. SEED AND FRUIT DEVELOPMENT Fruits form primarily from the ovary wall, and in some cases the ovary wall and some flower organs.

  18. SEED AND FRUIT DEVELOPMENT Types of fruits: • Simple fleshy fruits • Aggregate fruits • Multiple fruits • Dry fruits

  19. SEED AND FRUIT DEVELOPMENT Simple fleshy fruits • These fruits contain one or more seeds • Examples are peaches, apples, and tomatoes.

  20. SEED AND FRUIT DEVELOPMENT Aggregate fruits • Formed from flowers with multiple female organs that fuse as the fruit ripens. • Examples are strawberries, raspberries and blackberries.

  21. SEED AND FRUIT DEVELOPMENT Multiple fruits • Form from many flowers that fuse as they ripen. • Examples are figs and pineapples.

  22. SEED AND FRUIT DEVELOPMENT Dry fruits • When mature, these fruits are dry. • Examples are nuts and grains.

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