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Data Forwarding

Data Forwarding. Basic Router Configuration. Overview. In this session, we sill be looking at Review : router backplane Ethernet, console and serial interfaces Configuring router interfaces Ethernet and serial interface Viewing router configurations Using show commands

james-blankenship
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Data Forwarding

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  1. Data Forwarding Basic Router Configuration

  2. Overview • In this session, we sill be looking at • Review : router backplane • Ethernet, console and serial interfaces • Configuring router interfaces • Ethernet and serial interface • Viewing router configurations • Using show commands • Testing network connectivity • Using ping command RD-CSY1017-07/08

  3. Addressing - Review RD-CSY1017-07/08

  4. What is Routing? • Routing - Selecting the correct path towards destination • Build Routing table for path selection • Two methods • Static • Dynamic routing algorithm local forwarding table header value output link 0100 0101 0111 1001 3 2 2 1 0111 1 3 2 value in arriving packet’s header Router

  5. Routers –Interfaces 172.16.1.1/ 255.255.255.0 MAC: 0cddeeffaabb 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.252 Ethernet 0 • Routers have • LAN interfaces • Ethernet interfaces: • Have MAC Addresses • IP addresses • WAN interfaces • Serial interfaces • Have IP addresses Serial 0 Ethernet 1 172.16.2.1/ 255.255.255.0 MAC: 0abbccddeeff

  6. Review: Cisco Router backplane • Identify the different interfaces on router • Interface 1 • Interface 2 • Interface 3 • Interface 4 Interface 1 Interface 4 Interface 2 console interface Ethernet interface Interface 3 Serial interface

  7. Router Components • RAM – • holds packet buffers, • routing table, • running-config is stored in RAM, • ROM – starts and maintains the router • Flash memory – holds the IOS; • is not erased when the router is reloaded; is an EEPROM [Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory] • NVRAM – Non-Volatile RAM - holds router configuration; is not erased when router is reloaded

  8. Where Is The Configuration? • Can also be stored in more permanent places: • External hosts, using TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol) • In flash memory in the router • Copy command is used to move it around copy run start • copy run tftp • copy start tftp • copy tftp start • copy flash start • copy start flash

  9. 128.143.100.32/24 128.143.101.32/24 128.143.102.32/24 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0 Identify network boundaries • Can you identify different networks and network addresses ? • Identify network class • What is the maximum number of hosts that can be hosts can be connected on each of these networks? 128.143.10.33/24 255.255.255.0 R R

  10. All Cisco routers include an EIA/TIA-232 asynchronous serial console port (RJ-45). How do you connect to router to configure? Router configured from PC connected to router console port using a rollover cable Rollover cable has Serial interface adapter on one side and RJ45 adapter on the other Review: Establishing a Hyper-terminal Session RJ45 adapter PC Serial adapter

  11. Routing Types Example: Static Routing RD-CSY1017-07/08

  12. Connections to the Router- cables • Connections of a Router for Ethernet • 2 types of cables can be used: • Straight through and Cross-over • Straight through used to connect dissimilar devices • Switch-to-Router, • Switch-to-PC, • Cross-over used to connect similar devices: • Switch-to-Switch, • Router to PC (Host) • PC-to-PC, • Switch-to-Hub, • Hub-to-Hub, Router-to-Router Cross-over Straight-thru Straight-thru

  13. Logging Into The Router • Connect router to console port or telnet to router • router> • router>enable • password • router# • router#? • Configuring the router • Terminal (entering the commands directly) • router# configure terminal • router(config)# USER MODE PROMPT PRIVILEDGED MODE PROMPT

  14. -By default all interfaces are down Ethernet Serial Interface configured with IP address and subnet mask No Shutdown command used to enable the interface Configuring router Interfaces Ethernet interface

  15. New Router Configuration Process • Load configuration parameters into RAM • Router#configure terminal • Personalize router identification • Router#(config)hostname RouterA • Assign access passwords • RouterA#(config)line console 0 • RouterA#(config-line)password cisco • RouterA#(config-line)login

  16. Configuring Interfaces –Ethernet Interface • To configure an Ethernet interface • -Enter interface configuration mode (config) • -Enter IP address and subnet mask • -Enter no shutdown command • Example: • -R2(config)#interface fastethernet 0/0 • -R2(config-if)#ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0 • -R2(config-if)#no shutdown RD-CSY1017-07/08

  17. Configuring Interfaces – Serial Interface • Configuring a Serial interface • -Enter interface configuration mode • -Enter in the ip address and subnet mask • -Enter in the no shutdown command • Example: • -R1(config)#interface serial 0/0 • -R1(config-if)#ip address 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0 • -R1(config-if)#no shutdown

  18. Serial Interface – setting clock rate • Configuring serial links in a lab environment • Serial Interfaces require a clock signal to control the timing of the communications • One end of serial interface is DCE end and other end is DTE end • configure timing on the DCE end of serial interface. • R1# show interface serial 0/0 If it is DCE interface then configure clock rate • -R1(config)#interface serial 0/0 • -R1(config-if)#clock rate 64000

  19. Verify configuration • Use show commands • -Show interfaces fastEthernet 0/0 • -Show ip interface brief • -Show running-config

  20. To check the connectivity Run ‘ping’ command Between Host 1 and Host 3 Host 1 and router Host 2 and router Host 3 and router Testing the network connectivity RD-CSY1017-07/08

  21. When a LAN is connected to a Router, Default Gateway is the address of router interface connected to that LAN. The IP address and subnet mask is on the same network as the hosts on that network Review: Default Gateway LAN Router Router Default Gateway

  22. Global Configuration • Static route creation: • IP route <n.n.n.n> <m.m.m.m> <g.g.g.g> • n.n.n.n = network block • m.m.m.m = network mask denoting block size • g.g.g.g = next hop gateway destination packets are sent to

  23. Static Routes

  24. The NO Command • Used to reverse or disable commands e.g • ip domain-lookup • no ip domain-lookup • router ospf 1 • no router ospf 1 • ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 • no ip address

  25. Looking At The Configuration • Use “show running-configuration” to see the current configuration • Use “show startup-configuration” to see the configuration in NVRAM, that will be loaded the next time the router is rebooted or reloaded

  26. Getting Online Help • IOS has a built-in help facility; use “?” to get a list of possible configuration statements • “?” after the prompt lists all possible commands: • router#? • “<partial command> ?” lists all possible subcommands, e.g.: • router#show ? • router#show ip ?

  27. Getting Online Help • This also works in configuration mode: • router(config)#ip a? • accounting-list accounting-threshold accounting-transits address-pool alias as-path • router(config)#int e0/0 • router(config-if)#ip a? • access-group accounting address

  28. Getting Lazy Help • TAB character will complete a partial word • hostel-rtr(config)#int<TAB> • hostel-rtr(config)#interface et<TAB> • hostel-rtr(config)#interface ethernet 0 • hostel-rtr(config-if)#ip add<TAB> • hostel-rtr(config-if)#ip address ... n.n.n.n m.m.m.m • Not really necessary; partial commands can be used: • router#conf t • router(config)#int e0/0 • router(config-if)#ip addr n.n.n.n

  29. Deleting Your Router’s Configuration • To delete your router’s configuration • Router#erase startup-config • Router#reload • Router will startup again, but in setup mode, since startup-config file does not exists

  30. How many Static Routes?

  31. Conclusion • Today we learnt to • Configure router interfaces • Ethernet and Serial • Set clock rate on serial interface • Set up and tested the testbed network • Design IP addressing • Configure ethernet interfaces • Verified configurations • used ping to test network RD-CSY1017-07/08

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