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Timeline of Invasions. CeltsRomans 55 B.C.-407 A.D.Anglo-Saxons 449 A.DVikings 793Normans 1066 (know this date). Celts. Consisted of two groups:Brytons (
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1. The Anglo-Saxon & Medieval Periods Language Arts IV
Sheryl Walker
2. Timeline of Invasions Celts
Romans 55 B.C.-407 A.D.
Anglo-Saxons 449 A.D
Vikings 793
Normans 1066 (know this date)
3. Celts Consisted of two groups:
Brytons (“Britons”)
Gaels
Farmers and hunters
Druid religion
Old King Cole and King Arthur are Celtic figures
4. Celts, part 2 Tried to fight off the Romans
In areas of Scotland, they painted themselves blue and ran naked into battle
5. Romans Built roads, waterways
Many towns ending in “castor” or “chester” are sites of Roman outposts
Introduced Christianity
Period of stability for more than 300 years
6. Angles, Saxons, Jutes Deep-sea fisherman and farmers
Society organized into tribes, or “witans”
Worshipped pagan gods
Spoke Cornish, Welsh, Irish, and Scottish Gaelic
Society portrayed in “The Wanderer” and Beowulf
7. “Taming” of the Anglo-Saxons 597 St. Augustine arrives
Converts King Ethelbert
By 650, most of England converted
Schools at monasteries established
Scribes complete elaborate manuscripts
The Venerable Bede writes A History of the English Church and People
8. Vikings Late 700s
Danish invasion strikes terror; “From the fury of the Northmen, O Lord, deliver us.”
Danelaw is established by mid 800s in north, east, and central England
9. Alfred the Great In 871, Saxon king Alfred the Great takes Wessex throne and signs treaty with the Norse
Encourages learning—has Bede’s History translated from Latin
Begins keeping written records in Old English
10. End of the period-1066 Edward the Confessor dies; William and Harold fight Battle of Hastings for throne.
William the Conqueror, a Norman, wins, concluding the Anglo-Saxon period
11. Literary terms and traditions Oral tradition
Scops & Gleemen-professional minstrels & assistants
Alliteration and caesuras--mid-line pauses used to aid memory
Runes-primitive letters brought to Britain by Anglo-Saxons, used until Latin superseded them
12. More literary terms & traditions Caedmon & Cynewulf-only known poets from this time period
Beowulf (author unknown)-major piece of literature from time period
Modern translation of Beowulf by Irish poet Seamus Heaney won major English literary award recently
13. Anglo-Saxon beliefs Wyrd— ever-present sense of ominous fate
Weregild (“man-price”)—tradition of compensating a family of someone killed
Mead hall—vital gathering place for witans; represents heart of community
Strength, generosity, bravery, and arrogance were valued leadership qualities (think professional wrestling)
14. Sutton Hoo
15. Drinking horns for mead
16. Prow of ship excavated at Sutton Hoo
17. These rings have rune engravings.
18. Anglo-Saxon weaponry
19. Who were the earliest known inhabitants of Britain?
20. Which was not valued by Anglo-Saxons?
21. Excellent choice!
22. That’s incorrect.