Internet2 Applications

1. Internet2 Applications Ben Teitelbaum http://people.internet2.edu/~ben/ Texas A&M University Internet2 Day February 7th, 2005 College Station, Texas

2. What is an “Advanced Application”? • “…used by faculty, staff, and students in support of the research, teaching, learning, and service activities of our members” • Challenge / motivate advanced networking facilities & capabilities • Represent a breakthrough in research, learning, or technology transfer • Not initially usable on commodity Internet

3. How We “Do” Applications • Technology scouting • Services and training • Outreach to disciplines • Bulk transport research • Applications-enabling middleware

4. Technology Scouting • Bob Riddlemailto:bdr@internet2.edutel:+1-734-913-4257

5. Collaborative A/V Tools • AccessGRID • VP (replacement for VIC) • VRVS • Desktops and now PocketPC too • ConfXP • Shared applicaions • DVTS • DV Guide • Uncompressed HDTV

6. Equipment Loaner Pool • PC-Based Access Grid Node • H.323 MCU Videoconferencing Equipment • Delco RTPtv Box • VBrick 6200 MPEG-2 Encoder/Decoder • Polycom ViewStation FX • Cakebox (for Network Performance Measurement)

7. Internet2 Commons • Jonathan Tymanmailto:tyman@internet2.edutel:+1-734-352-7099

8. Internet2 Commons Charter • Promote and facilitate remote collaboration by means of innovative and integrated, standards-based Internet technologies • Create collaboration services that are... • Useful • Sustainable • Affordable • Scalable This slide complements of Jonathan Tyman

9. Internet2 Commons Accomplishments • Launched H.323 Videoconferencing Service • Production, subscription-based service • Feature-rich; GDS; Firewall traversal • Conference streaming and archiving • HELP! 24/7 NOC (OARnet/OSU) • Quarterly Trainings (100+ site coordinators) • Studying Web Collaboration Tools and Extending Service Suite to the Desktop • Extensive member interviews • Data Collaboration Survey with ViDe • Testing VRVS, WebOffice, IMFirst, Wave3 Session This slide complements of Jonathan Tyman

10. Outreach to Disciplines • Arts & Humanities • Health Sciences • Science and Engineering

11. Application Communities • Progress is driven by those who see ways in which advanced networking technologies can benefit their research communities • Internet2 has worked with a variety of communities over time. One way to organize is by our history of interaction with these groups: • Mature • Developing • Nascent

12. Arts & Humanities Outreach • http://arts.internet2.edu/ • Ann Doyle • mailto:adoyle@internet2.edu • tel:+1-734-352-7011

13. Remote Master Classes • Michael Tilson Thomas (New World Symphony) • photo by R. Andrew Lepley This slide complements of Ann Doyle

14. Live Performance Events • Dance in the Digital Age • Case Western University & Cleveland Institute of Music The Bing Theater, University of Southern California, Oct 2002 This slide complements of Ann Doyle

15. Live transcontinental reading of Kenneth Koch's "Twenty Poems" Seven Internet2 campuses provided videoconferencing Transcontinental Poetry Reading:A Tribute to Kenneth Koch Poet Anne Waldman This slide complements of Ann Doyle

16. New Communities • Museum Community • Education • Conservation • Foreign Language Instruction • Less commonly taught languages • Archaeology Forum • Shared project planning • Shared imaging This slide complements of Ann Doyle

17. Health Sciences Outreach • http://health.internet2.edu/ • Mike McGillmailto:mmcgill@internet2.edu

18. The scope of the Internet2 Health Science Workgroup includes clinical practice, medical and related biological research, education, and medical awareness in the public. This slide complements of Mike McGill

19. CLINICAL:Why Physicians Participate in Internet2 • Extend the provision of better healthcare • TeleHealth (eHealth) • National Tumor Board • Develop Clinical Skills and Assessment (AAMC partnership) • Distributed data sharing • Electronic Health Record • Presence and Integrated Communications (VoIP, location) • Advanced visualization Computer Assisted Surgery • Computer Aided Diagnosis • Collaboration independent of boundaries • Geography: Second Opinion Networks/Night Hawking • Time: Learning Technology (Distance Education) • Computation: Knowledge Management This slide complements of Mike McGill

20. Biomedical Informatics Research Network (BIRN) Funded by: NCRR/NIH Mark Ellisman, PhD,Univ. California San Diego, SDSC www.nbirn.net This slide complements of Mike McGill

21. EACH BRAIN REPRESENTS A LOT OF DATA AND COMPARISONS MUST BE MADE BETWEEN MANY (fMRI) Slide courtesy of Arthur Toga (UCLA) This slide complements of Mike McGill

22. Surgical Planning • Pipelines for Morphometric Analysis • Surgical Planning • Interoperative segmentation • Brain atlas • fMRI Funded by NCRR/NIH Ron Kikinis, M.D., Steve Pieper, Ph.D., Simon Warfield, Ph.D. Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School This slide complements of Mike McGill

23. Science & Engineering Outreach • http://science.internet2.edu/ • Russ Hobbymailto:rdhobby@internet2.edutel:+1-530-752-0236 • T. Charles Yunmailto:charles@internet2.edutel:+1-734-352-4960

24. High Energy and Nuclear Physics • Physics has traditionallybeen a “power user” • Physicists are generating Terabytes of data per experiment at CERN • Types of network usage: • Bulk data transfers extremely sensitive to loss • VRVS expects multicast and low-latency/jitter networks for effective video conferencing This slide complements of T. Charles Yun

25. E-VLBI (Radio Astronomy) • Astronomers observe frommultiple earth-based antennae • Data sent to specialized computer for analysis on a 24x7 basis • VLBI is not as concerned with data loss as they are with long term stability • The end goal is to send data at over 1Gb/s from 20+ antennae (located around the globe) to a facility that can process the data in real time. This slide complements of T. Charles Yun

26. NEON and Earthscope • Both in the early stages • Research goals understood • Working with Internet2 program managers to determine how best to use advanced networks to connect researchers, data, and sensors This slide complements of T. Charles Yun

27. Bulk Transport Research • Stanislav Shalunov • mailto:shalunov@internet2.edu

28. Bulk Transport • The killer application for high-performance networks so far • What else do we need fat pipes for? • Several flavors: • straightforward huge file transfer • instrument data transfer (telescopes, particle accelerators, etc.) • interactive high-throughput applications (e.g., ImmSeg) This slide complements of Stanislav Shalunov

29. Problem Exists Below Application • Remains unsolved even in its most simple form (file transfer) • best current practice: open n standard TCP streams, send data • typical current practice: n=1 (e.g., FTP, HTTP, or SCP) • Expected performance (links are not congested): at least 100Mb/s • Typical performance: less than 3Mb/s (Internet2 NetFlow Weekly Reports) This slide complements of Stanislav Shalunov

30. Top Reasons for Poor Performance • Bad transport protocols (layer 4) - Internet2 transport effort • Ethernet duplex mismatch (layer 2) • NDT and work on characterization of the condition • Full-duplex Ethernet is the right thing • Even Gigabit Ethernet can still suffer from duplex mismatch • Bad last-hop cables (layer 1) • Cables Go Bad After Chairs are Rolled Over Them • Fix: replace the cable • Fortunately, less common than the other problems This slide complements of Stanislav Shalunov

31. Conventional TCP: Bad Transport1/2 • Theoretical problems: • Unstable for high-speed networks • Too sensitive to non-congestive packet loss (even after minor fixes) • Before a loss happens, buffers need to fill: delay is at least doubled This slide complements of Stanislav Shalunov

32. Conventional TCP: Bad Transport2/2 • Implementation problems • Buffers are laughably small • Normal default buffer sizes: 8kB, 16kB, 32kB, 64kB • Even 64kB over 70ms limits throughput to 7.5Mb/s • No provisions for automatic buffer increases • Users are expected to manually tune the buffer size • Cars don't ship with 3-HP engines that need to be tuned by the driver for measly 100HP. Why should computers ship with transport protocols that get 3Mb/s and need to be tuned by the user for measly 100Mb/s? This slide complements of Stanislav Shalunov

33. Internet2 Transport Effort1/2 • Group of congestion control researchers and high-end users formed in Oct 2004 • Goal: a software implementation of user-space transport tool • high performance • completely end-to-end: no router modifications • suitable for both bulk file transfer and interactive multimedia • portable, easy to install and use (no kernel modifications) • advanced congestion control using existing research • tolerance for minor non-congestive packet loss This slide complements of Stanislav Shalunov

34. Internet2 Transport Effort2/2 • Most immediate deliverable: a design space survey • Current version: http://www.internet2.edu/~shalunov/tmp/transport-design-space-05.pdf • Specify requirements • Document independent design questions • Converge on a design • Join the mailing list at: • https://mail.internet2.edu/wws/arc/transport This slide complements of Stanislav Shalunov

35. Application-Enabling Middleware • Authentication and Authorization Middleware • Connective Middleware

36. What is Shibboleth? • Open source attribute-based single sign-on software with an emphasis on user privacy, built on the SAML 1.1 specification • A provider and consumer of innovations in federated identity standards • An enabling technology for Internet2, international, and regional efforts at federation in education and research This slide complements of Scott Cantor

37. Shibboleth Use Cases • Traditional web single sign-on • Shared electronic learning resources • Research resources (grids) • Outsourced academic or administrative services • Account linking across sites • Delegated trust in portal scenarios(e.g. meta-searching) This slide complements of Scott Cantor

38. InCommon • A federation for American higher education, initially focused on “.edu” origins. • Builds an open identity infrastructure across higher education for academic and research collaboration, outsourced and governmental services, etc. • Expected to serve as a trust anchor for a variety of Internet2 efforts. • Low barrier to entry, minimal legalities • http://incommon.internet2.edu/ This slide complements of Scott Cantor

39. Bridging Bridging Bridging Gatewaying Gatewaying Gatewaying Messaging Messaging Messaging ... ... ... Connective Middleware for Real Time Communications AuxiliaryServices ...or... ...or... Applications P2P media andTrust / Policy / Encryption APIs APIs Alice Bob Codecs Codecs Signaling Signaling Rich PresenceServices Location Location Calendaring Calendaring ... ... Auth N/Z Damping Middleware Auth N/Z Call Filtering Call Filtering Directories Directories Signaling Connective Middleware Signaling Campus-to-CampusTrust / Policy / Encryption Call Routing Call Routing Presence Presence Identity Identity Network-LayerConnectivity high-performance, end-to-end IP transit Campus Campus User Host Internet2/GigaPoP/ASP Host User

40. SIP.edu Working Group • Web Site • http://voip.internet2.edu/SIP.edu/ • Chair • Dennis Baron, MIT{email, sip}: dbaron@mit.edu

41. PBX DNS CampusDirectory SIP.edu Architecture (today) SIP User Agent IP Voice INVITE(sip:bob@bigu.edu) DNS SRV query sip.udp.bigu.edu bigu.edu SIPProxy SIP-PBXGateway PRI / CAS INVITE(sip:12345@gw.bigu.edu) sip.udp.bigu.edu IN SRV ... TDM Voice telephoneNumberwhere mail=”bob” Bob's Phone

42. If Bob has registered, ring his SIP UAs; Else, call his extension through the PBX. DNS locationDB SIP.edu Architecture (real soon) SIP User Agent IP Voice, Video, IM, ... INVITE (sip:bob@bigu.edu) DNS SRV query sip.udp.bigu.edu bigu.edu SIPProxy INVITE (sip:bob@207.75.164.131) SIPRegistrar REGISTER(Contact: 207.75.164.131) Bob's SIP Phones

43. SIP.edu Growth

44. Presence and Integrated Communications (PIC) Working Group • Web Site • http://pic.internet2.edu/ • Chair • Jeremy George, Yale{email, sip}: jeremy.george@yale.edu

45. Presence and Integrated Communications • Presence • “Notification of events that facilitate communication” (Henning Schulzrinne) • “On-line”, “Away”, “Idle”, “On phone”, “Out to lunch”, ... • Back to the future? • Remember: finger, write, who? • Presence restores the sense of community that existed on timesharing systems • Forward to the future! • New standards for interoperability and scalability • User-centric control of presence publication • Richer state semantics and automatic triggers

46. Rich Presence Trials • Using Internet2 meetings to prototype advanced campus services • Advanced WiFi infrastructure (location service) • Advanced middleware infrastructure (SIP/SIMPLE presence agent / location server) • Advanced real time communications services • Highly-participatory • Enthusiastic attendees • Distributed trial-dev team • Columbia IRT Lab, HP Labs Cambridge, University of Pennsylvania, Ford Motor Company, Microsoft, ...

47. Rich Presence Enabled Clients • WaveThree and Columbia clients (Session, SIPC) • Others welcome! (client requirements doc on web)

48. NG911 Project • Internet 911 • 911 has been a thorn in the side of VoIP • Technically, not a hard problem • NG911 • NTIA-funded project to IP-enable PSAPs • Not only solve VoIP 911, but do better! • Higher resilience • Faster call setup • Testability • Based on IETF GEOPRIV work • Multimedia support • Open standards and COTS • Cheaper

49. leonia.nj.us.sos.arpa POLY 40.85 73.97 40.86 73.99 NAPTR … firedept@leoniaboro.org Emerging IETF/NENA “I3” Architecture Location-based call routing: UA knows its location GPS INVITE sips:sos@ 40.86N73.98E CN=us A1=NJ A2=Bergen outbound proxy server provided by local ISP? 40.86N 73.98E: Leonia, NJ fire dept. DHCP This slide complements of Henning Schulzrinne, Xiaotao Wu, & the CINEMA crew (Columbia University)