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L23B: Sociolinguistics 2005-2006

This article explores language variation and social units in sociolinguistics, focusing on the relationship between language, culture, and communication. It discusses linguistic variables, indicators, markers, and stereotypes, using the example of speech events and interactions in different cultural contexts.

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L23B: Sociolinguistics 2005-2006

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  1. L23B: Sociolinguistics 2005-2006 Please Turn off all cellular phones & pagers L23B Website: www.mona.uwi.edu/dllp/courses/l23b

  2. Course Assessment • Incourse Test (40% of total grade) TEST DATE: MONDAY, APRIL 3, 2006 (2-4pm) • Final Exam (60% of total grade)

  3. Topics for this Session • Review: Communication • Language & Culture • Language Variation

  4. Social Units • Speech Linguists community in the Caribbean • Speech situation SCL Conference • Speech event Presentation • Speech act In my data, my informants …

  5. Speech Event (Meeting a new Person) Mr. Richardson: By the way, I’m Andrew Richardson but my friends call me Andy. Here’s my card. Mr. Chu: I’m David Chu, pleased to meet you Mr. Richardson – here’s my card. Mr. Richardson: No, No, call me Andy. I think we’ll be doing a lot of business together. Mr. Chu: Yes I hope so. Mr. Richardson (reading Chu’s card) “Chu, Hon-Fai” Hon-Fai, I’ll give you a call as soon as I’m settled in at my hotel. Mr. Chu (smiling): Yes, I’ll expect your call.

  6. AMERICAN PATTERN • Preference for close relationship • Non-verbal element (smile) means ‘appreciation’

  7. HONG KONG PATTERN • Preference for professional relationship • Non-verbal element (smile) means ‘discomfort’

  8. Linguistic variables “language features that vary in precise form from speaker to speaker”

  9. Linguistic variables: • Lexical – ‘eat’ vs. ‘nyam’ • phonological eg. [k] = [k] vs. [k] • morpho-syntactic eg. pluralisation ‘dem’ vs. ‘noun+s’ • Syntactic eg. double negatives

  10. Labov distinguishes Linguistic Variable as: • Indicators - little or no social significance attached • Markers/Socially diagnostic variables – carries social significance. • Stereotypes – popular and conscious characterization of the speech of a particular group.

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