GCOS/WCRP Working Group on Observational Data Sets For Reanalysis

1. GCOS/WCRPWorking Group onObservational Data SetsFor Reanalysis Russell Vose Chief, Climate Analysis Branch

2. Not a New Idea • The requirements of future reanalysis • GCOS Implementation Plan • WCRP Strategic Framework 2005-2015 • The need for improved data sets • NASA/NOAA/NSF Workshop on the Development of Improved Observational Data Sets for Reanalysis (2005) • ECMWF/GEO Workshop on Atmospheric Reanalysis (2006) • The inaccessibility of daily/subdaily data • GCOS Implementation Plan • Joint Scientific Committee of the WCRP (2006)

3. A Service-Oriented Group • Our main objectives • Review holdings of “data centers” worldwide to identify relevant data sets • Develop a plan for the construction and management of reanalysis-related data sets • A break from the past • Each reanalysis center performs each data management task for each individual reanalysis • A few respectable accomplishments • Even though the group has only been around since summer (in the Northern Hemisphere)

4. Veteran Players • R. Vose, Chair (NCDC) • J. Bates (NCDC) • L. van de Berg (EUMETSAT) • M. Bosilovich (NASA) • J. Comeaux (NCAR) • G. Compo (ESRL) • P. Jones (UEA) • K. Onogi (JMA) • P. Steinle (BOM) • P. Thorne (UK Met Office) • S. Uppala (ECMWF) • J. Woollen (NCEP) • S. Worley (NCAR) • C. Zou (NESDIS)

5. 4 Terms of Reference (TOR) • Review data center holdings worldwide • Develop a plan for integrated data sets • Oversee progress of Implementing Centers • Report regularly to AOPC and WOAP

6. TOR 1: Review Holdings • Data centers • NCAR and NCDC • NCEP, ECMWF, JMA, etc. • Environment Canada, South African Weather Service • Data types • In situ and remotely sensed • Atmospheric, oceanic, terrestrial observations • Suitable for use in future reanalyses or extremes studies • Data acquisition • Work through official channels • Exploit personal contacts

7. TOR 2: Develop Data Sets • Merge holdings • Flag duplicates and assess quality • Include feedback from past reanalyses if possible • Develop standards for data management • Version control • Formats and documentation • Identify Implementing Centers • For each type of observation • Update in real time • In collaboration with operational providers

8. TOR 3/4: Track Progress • Oversee work • Of Implementing Centers • Adjust plans based changes in circumstance • Report accomplishments • Of the group and the Implementing Centers • To AOPC and WOAP • 2007 report available upon request

10. Accomplishments Thus Far • Integrated Surface Data Set (ISD) • Synoptic data for surface stations worldwide • NCDC/NCAR partnership • Focus on creating data set inventories and adding data sets • International Surface Pressure Databank (ISPD) • Subdaily pressure data for surface stations worldwide • NCDC/ESRL/SPWG partnership • Focus on creating version 2 of this data set

11. Synoptic Data: ISD • Variables: • temperature • dew point • wind direction/speed • cloud cover • et al.

12. 21,198 Stations in ISD

13. 4 New Additions to ISD

14. NCAR/NCDC Data set Inventory

15. Surface Pressure: ISPD v2 • GCOS/AOPC/OOPC Surface Pressure Working Group (SPWG) • Identify, retrieve, digitize, and Q/A subdaily surface pressure data • Basis for improved circulation fields and new reanalysis products • ESRL 20th Century Reanalysis • North Atlantic – European 200-250 yr ACRE Reanalyses

16. ISPD v2 Stations in 2000

17. ISPD v2 Stations in 1950

18. ISPD v2 Stations in 1900

19. 30 Source Data Sets for ISPD • Global scale • ISD • NCEP-NCAR BUFR archive • National • Australian Bureau of Meteorology • Climate Database Modernization Program (U.S.) • Environment Canada • Hadley Center • Regional • READER (Antarctica) • WASA (Northern Europe, Greenland)

20. Accomplishments to Come • Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive v2 (IGRA) • Upper air data for stations worldwide • Focus on adding datasets • Satellite Heritage Diagram (SHD) • Inventory of satellite platforms, instruments, periods • Critical component is linking platform with data provider

21. Upper Air Data: IGRA v2 • Variables: • pressure • geopotential height • temperature • dew point depression • wind direction/speed

22. 1536 Stations in IGRA v1

23. Goal: Add Datasets to IGRA • China (1970s and 1980s) and Mexico • Air Force and MIT datasets (pre-1964) • Bronnimann acquisitions (primarily Europe) • NCEP and ECMWF collections • CDMP data • Malawi, Senegal, Kenya, Mozambique, Niger, U.S., Zambia • French West African data • Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Gabon, Ivory Coast, Guinea, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal, Togo

24. Satellite Heritage Diagram • Part of NOAA-NCDC’s Scientific Data Stewardship initiative • Coordinate inventories of satellite data holdings with data centers • SHD lists historical and operational platforms, instruments, operational periods • Next step is linking each platform with the data provider

26. Summary • Group should benefit the reanalysis community • Review holdings of “data centers” worldwide to identify relevant data sets • Develop a plan for the construction and management of reanalysis-related data sets • Several accomplishments are already at hand • ISD and ISPD • IGRA and the Satellite Heritage Diagram • We need feedback from you • High-priority data sets • Other activities