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World Petroleum Council

World Petroleum Council. The Problem of Climate Change and Carbon Storage as a Solution Energy Solutions Conference – Houston 2008 . Dr Pierce Riemer – Director General . The Risk / Insurance. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).

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World Petroleum Council

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  1. World Petroleum Council The Problem of Climate Change and Carbon Storage as a Solution Energy Solutions Conference – Houston 2008 Dr Pierce Riemer – Director General

  2. The Risk / Insurance

  3. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 1990The unequivocal detection of the enhanced greenhouse effect from observations is unlikely for a decade or more. 1995… the balance of evidence … suggests a discernable human influence on global climate. 2001There is new and stronger evidence that most of the warming observed over the last 50 years is attributable to human activities. 2007Warming of the climate system is unequivocal. It is very likely that anthropogenic greenhouse gas increases caused most of the observed increase.

  4. The Risk / Insurance >95% Chance

  5. The Western View of the World

  6. 1960 population – 3 Billion

  7. 2050 population - 9 Billion China India

  8. Energy Use – What do we do today? Oil 87m bbls Everything 244m bbls

  9. The Price of Oil 1999 2008

  10. Six Hard Truths • Over the next 50 years • World energy use will increase • Population will increase • >70% of our primary energy will be provided by fossil fuels • Easy oil is gone • There will be increased coal consumption • There will be increased emissions

  11. The Kaya Equation In English

  12. The Greenhouse Gas Map

  13. Two Solutions – Reduce Demand • Use less energy Mass transit Efficient buildings Low energy applications

  14. Two Solutions – Reduce Emissions • Switch Fuels Use existing fossil fuel infrastructure in a cleaner way Renewable Bio fuels Natural gas Nuclear Carbon capture and storage

  15. Over the next 50 Years • Energy efficiency • Nuclear - security and diversity • Develop a sustainable low CO2 alternative • Develop talent • Carbon capture and storage (CCS) • CCS has the greatest potential

  16. The potential role of CCS to 2100 – an example Source: IPCC SRCCS, 2005

  17. Overview of CO2 capture systems

  18. Storing CO2 in underground geological formations

  19. The US CO2-for-enhanced-Oil-Recovery network

  20. The Sleipner offshore CO2-injection project • This CCS, 1 million tons/yr CO2-injection project has now been operating successfully for 12 years. CO2 extracted from natural gas • It has played a role in starting off many R&D projects on storage safety and related topics • It has inspired later CCS-projects as well as helped progress the necessary conditions for further expansion (e.g. London Convention, EU ETS)

  21. The SleipnerCO2-injection and R&D • Left: Seismic from 1994 (before injection start) to 2006. • Right: Modelling results for dissolution of CO2 in the formation brine

  22. Regina Manitoba Weyburn Canada Saskatchewan Estevan USA Montana North Dakota Beulah Bismarck The Weyburn-Midale project • The world’s first trans-border pipeline crossing from USA to Canada • The illustration to the right shows how CO2 and water are injected alternating (WAG) in order to get more oil out of this reservoir • Simultaneous CO2-for EOR and CO2-storage for climate change reasons • EnCana injecting 7000 tonnes/day (Weyburn) and Apache injecting 1800 tonnes/day (Midale), for a total of about 3 million tons/yr

  23. The In Salah CO2injection in the Algerian desert • Location map • Picture of the gas processing plant • Schematic illustration of CO2-injection in 3 wells • Injection of about 1 million tons of CO2 per year, the CO2 extracted from natural gas

  24. CO2 Capture Ready Plant ‘Capture Ready’ area (Site of existing power plant) Proposed ‘capture ready’ power plant at TilburyCourtesy RWE Npower

  25. Low hanging fruit - Capture

  26. Low hanging fruit - transport and storage

  27. The Electric Future?

  28. World Petroleum Council Thank you for Listening

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