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The Throwing Athlete

The Throwing Athlete. Prevention & Care of Athletic Injuries KNR 199. Throwing Motion. Includes: Wind-up Early cocking Late cocking Acceleration Deceleration & follow through. Wind-Up. Establishes rhythm Positions segments of body to contribute to forward propulsion of ball. Shoulder

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The Throwing Athlete

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  1. The Throwing Athlete Prevention & Care of Athletic Injuries KNR 199

  2. Throwing Motion • Includes: • Wind-up • Early cocking • Late cocking • Acceleration • Deceleration & follow through

  3. Wind-Up • Establishes rhythm • Positions segments of body to contribute to forward propulsion of ball

  4. Shoulder 90º abduction (ABD) 30º horizontal ABD 90-120º ER Elbow 90º flexion Wrist neutral Early Cocking

  5. Trunk rotates forward Scapula retracts Shoulder 90º ABD Neutral horizontal ABD 160º ER Elbow 90º flexion Wrist slightly extended Lead leg rotated toward target Late Cocking

  6. Scapula protracts Shoulder Internally rotates Horizontally adducts Elbow extends Forearm pronates Wrist flexes Acceleration

  7. Acceleration • Occurs in 0.05 seconds • Peak angular velocity • Shoulder: 6000º/sec • Elbow: 2300-4500º/sec

  8. Deceleration & Follow Through • Shoulder continues to IR & horiz ADD • Elbow flexes • Body moves forward

  9. Warning Signs: Upper Extremity • Contralateral elbow is used as “sight” • Throwing arm trails Werner et al, 2001

  10. Warning Signs: Lower Extremity • Decreased torso & hip rotation ROM • Decreased trunk & hip rotation strength

  11. Throwing Athletes ROM

  12. Total Arc of Motion • Healthy throwers have 180° 180º ER IR

  13. Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit (GIRD) • Difference in internal rotation of dominant arm compared to non-dominant arm

  14. Humeral Retroversion • Adaptive change of bony architecture • Acute angle in medial & posterior direction between axis of elbow joint & axis through center of humeral head Pieper, 1998

  15. Doyle & Burks, 1998

  16. Soft-Tissue Adaptations • Tight posterior IGHL • Shift in GH contact point

  17. Additional Resources • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oegAQ9__a2g • http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=2324033820881485235&q=pitching+mechanics • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XjVbEPfQKag

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