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Knowledge and Practice of Blood Transfusion: A Survey of Nurses in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates .

Knowledge and Practice of Blood Transfusion: A Survey of Nurses in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates . Belal M. Hijji 1 , Kader Parahoo 1 , Mohammad M. Hossain 2 , Owen Barr 1 , Shirley Murray 3. 1 Institute of Nursing Research, Faculty of Life & Health Sciences, University of Ulster, UK

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Knowledge and Practice of Blood Transfusion: A Survey of Nurses in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates .

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  1. Knowledge and Practice of Blood Transfusion: A Survey of Nurses in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. Belal M. Hijji1, Kader Parahoo1, Mohammad M. Hossain2, Owen Barr1, Shirley Murray3 1Institute of Nursing Research, Faculty of Life & Health Sciences, University of Ulster, UK 2Institute of Medicine, Universiti Brunei Darussalam 3Royal Group of Hospitals, Belfast, UK

  2. Contents • Background • Aims • Methods • Results • Recommendations

  3. Background

  4. Nurses play a crucial role in the administration of blood transfusions Their relevant knowledge and practice are important determinants of the safety of transfusions Published information about nurses' blood transfusion knowledge and practice and what influences them is lacking To fill this information gap, this study was undertaken in Abu Dhabi Emirate, UAE

  5. Aims

  6. Principal aims To observe and document nurses’ actual blood transfusion practices To investigate nurses’ level of knowledge of blood transfusion To examine the relationship between knowledge and actual practice To explore the reasons for potential knowledge-practice gap

  7. Methods

  8. This was a 3-phase study where a mixed method design incorporating quantitative and qualitative methods was used to meet its aims Data were collected between January and October 2005

  9. Study settings and access 2 medium-sized, public, general hospitals (A, B) in Abu Dhabi Emirate, UAE Approvals were obtained from the Ministry of Health and hospital A research ethics committees, and hospital B administration Observations were conducted in 3 wards in each hospital; the survey involved 21 wards; and 11 departments (administrative, clinical, quality) provided volunteers for the focus groups

  10. Population and/ or samples Population Sample Observations: 140 50 (random) Survey 435 261 (random) Focus groups ---- 29 (convenience)

  11. Methods of data collection A structured observation schedule Knowledge questionnaire Focus group interviews

  12. An overview of data collection Data on nurses’ actual practice was collected via an observation schedule developed by Bayraktar and Erdil (2000) and new items were added based on the BSCH (1999) guidelines, experts’ advice, and local practice. Nurses were observed 10 minutes before blood collection until 15 minutes after the initiation of transfusion Nurses’ knowledge of blood transfusion was measured via a questionnaire developed following consultation with nursing literature on caring for transfusion patients. It covered nurses’ demographics and training, general issues relating to the care of transfusion patient, complications related to transfusion, and issues related to local policies.

  13. The interview guide had 4 questions focusing on the reasons for the knowledge practice gap,evidence for warming blood, reasons for knowledge deficits, and ways to improve nurses’ blood transfusion practices Validity and reliabilityObservation schedule and questionnaire: Transfusion experts and pilot testing. CVI 95% (questionnaire) Interview guide: Check on content validity with a nurse manager and 1 pilot focus group

  14. Data analysis For the quantitative components, descriptive and inferential statistics as well as parametric and nonparametric tests and correlation methods were used, as appropriate. For the qualitative component, content analysis was used to produce themes generated from the focus groups data

  15. Results

  16. 49 nurses (98%) were observed 248 nurses (95.4%) filled in the questionnaire. The knowledge and observed practice of 48 nurses is only reported here Five focus groups (5-7 members in each), including the pilot, were undertaken.

  17. Blood transfusion knowledge and practice among nurses (n = 48)

  18. Key findings • Nurses’ knowledge was not sufficiently put into practice • Nurses’ lack of knowledge was reflected in practice • Patients were at risk of developing complications, in particular bacterial infection and misidentification

  19. The relationship between nurses’ blood transfusion knowledge and practice scores Spearman’s rho correlation coefficient = 0.22, p. =0.14) Barriers influencing nurses’ knowledge and practice of blood transfusion (focus groups) Human, organisational, societal, and educational

  20. Recommendations

  21. Urgent training and education • Human and material resources • Improving image and status of nursing

  22. Thank You Principal Investigator bhijji1@hotmail.com

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