Technical and Scientific Support to the TACIS and PHARE nuclear safety programmes

1. Technical and Scientific Support to the TACIS and PHARE nuclear safety programmes An Overview of the activities Presented by Claude RIEG

2. Outline • Nuclear Activities at the Institute for Energy • TACIS/PHARE Nuclear Safety • SENUF (Maintenance) • Others activities and developments • Some specific activities towards Ukraine

3. Nuclear Activities at the JRC/IE Technical & Scientific Supportfor TACIS & PHARE (TSSTP) - Design safety - On-site assistance - Regulatory authorities and TSOs - Industrial radioactive waste managnt and decommissioning - Dissemination of projects results HFR and Reactor Applications - Fuel & Material irradiation - New systems - Materials ageing - Medical applications - Neutron methods • Assistance to PM cycle (AIDCO / ELARG) • Performance of Projects (DIS./RPV) • Nuclear Safety • Structural integrity • - Inspection management • - Accident analysis • - PSA / risk assessment • - Computational fluid dynamics • - Advanced reactor concepts • - Data management & dissemination SAFELIFE An Integrated JRC-IE Approach to Plant Life Management IP (Perfect & Covers) & NoE (Nulife)

4. Background on TACIS and PHARE NS • TACIS and PHARE funding for nuclear safety (1991-2003): • More than 1000 M€ committed for TACIS for mainly Russia and Ukraine, to a lesser degree Armenia and Kazakhstan, and 20 M€ for NDEP/North-West Russia) • More than 250 M€ committed for PHARE • 2004-2006 TACIS Indicative Programme: • Enhancing the Safety Culture, both at Regulator & Operator level • Addressing Issues related to nuclear waste and spent fuel, including North-West Russia and Chernobyl 2007-2013: New financial instrument for Nuclear Safety Assistance (under discussion)

5. EC-JRC-IE support to TACIS and PHARE NS • On-Site Assistance: Contribution to implementation of upgrading / modernisation measures, including licensing • Design Safety: Comprehensive Assessment of physical phenomena of structures, systems & components of VVER & RBMK Reactors, PLIM, SR upgrading • OSEP: Emergency Crisis Centres Upgrading, including Radiological & Meteorological Monitoring and Data exchange • Waste Management & Safeguards: Long-term waste strategies & repositories, decommissioning, NUMAC • Regulatory Authorities & TSO: Implementation of the legal and procedural Basis, documentation building & training Technical Advisor to RELEX AIDCO – ELARG (1991 - ) JRC – Scientific & Technical Support Project selection Project Description Specifications (Service & Supply) Tender Evaluations Project Management (technical follow-up Project Results evaluations & Dissemination

6. Western Utilities • promote Safety • Culture by: • “Soft Assistance” • “Modernisation • Measures” On-Site Assistance • Large number of implemented projects over more than 12 years: more than 150 projects (supply of equipment): • Some examples: Diagnostic systems, Leak detection, Breakers, Batteries, Fire protection (including cables fire protection), Valves • More recently: large Plant Improvement Projects (budget of about 10 M€ per project): • Russia: • Novovoronezh: Unit 5: Replacement digital Reactor Protection System (contracted) • Balakovo: Units 1&2: Replacement CIS/SPDS • Kola: Liquid Radioactive Waste Treatment – Cementation System • Smolensk: Equipment for a new Radwaste Treatment Facility • Kalinin: Unit 1&2: Replacement digital Reactor Protection System • Beloyarsk Replacement of safety valves (steam-water)

7. Western Utilities • promote Safety • Culture by: • “Soft Assistance” • “Modernisation • Measures” On-Site Assistance • Ukraine: • Khmelnitsky: Unit 1: Replacement digital Reactor Protection System • Rovno: Units 1&2: Primary circuit overpressure protection system Radwaste Treatment Facility • Zaporozhie: Units 1-6: Replacement of Steam Generator Valves Radwaste Treatment Facility • South Ukraine: Boron Concentration Monitoring System Chemistry Control System Data Acquisition and Processing System

8. VVER RPV Embrittlement (RF/UA) Design Safety - OSEP Design Safety - OSEP Service Projects - Russia: Normative basis for design & operation of diagnostic systems Software development for accident analysis of VVER & RBMK reactors Support to system for certification of nuclear equipment, products & technologies Bubble condenser tests (Kola NPP) RBMK multiple fuel channel tube rupture – Experimental tests Influence of neutron irradiation on the material properties of internals of VVER reactors Development of safety analysis capabilities for VVER-1000 transients involving spatial variations of coolant properties (temperature or boron concentration) at core inlet Thermal hydraulic experiments at the PSB RBMK Integral Test Facility Transfer of international best knowledge for development f hydrogen safety systems Experimental & computational quantification of the fission products release in case of VVER severe accidents Preparation of decommissioning processes for NPP units Development of methodologies & sotware for system of expert analysis of NPP emergency situations Establishment of “Branch Diagnostics System” in concern Rosenergoatom Installation of a Risk-Monitoring System Technology at NPPs VVER 1000 (V-320) Contribution to the IAEA project RUS/9/005 on “Strenthening Preparedness & Response at Nuclear Research Facilities” Development of modernisation measures of primary & secondary water chemistry monitoring systems for units 1 & 2 of Kalinin NPP

9. VVER RPV Embrittlement (RF/UA) Design Safety - OSEP Design Safety - OSEP Service Projects - Service Projects - Ukraine: NDT Centre for training, qualification & certification of NDT Scientific & technical support to Energoatom Support for conformity assessment process of nuclear equipment & technologies Institutional support to Energoatom Support to Energoatom for the preparation & implementation of NPPs units’ safety re-assessment programmes Institutional support to the “Scientific & Technical Centre” of the Energoatom Development of the strategy & methodologies for inspection & preventive maintenance of safety valves at the Ukrainian NPPs Contribution to the IAEA roject UKR/4/012 on “Improvement of NPP Maintenance Personel Training System” Technical assistance in the development of a product conformity assessment system t the level of Energoatom - TAREG: Assessment & validation of embrittlement & re-embrittlement models for VVER 1000 & 440/213 RPVs (2.01/00 & /03)

10. VVER RPV Embrittlement (RF/UA) Design Safety - OSEP • Supply Projects • Russia: • Equipment for the Off-site emergency centres of Novovoronesh and Kursk NPPs • Maintenance equipment for VVER Primary Loop (maintenance tools for cutting and bevelling pipes, for bolts tightening of main coolant pump, for grinding and lapping valve seats) • Installation of RODOS (software & equipment) • Ukraine: • Specimens and test blocs with reference defects for the NDT centre for training & certification of NDT • Supply and installation of the equipment for reconstitution of test surveillance specimens of the VVER RPV • Computer & equipment within the frame of scientific & technical support to Energoatom

11. New Projects • Preparatory study and supervision of the Work Contract for the accommodation facility for the remediation activities at Gremikha Bay • Radiation protection measures and facilities for Gremikha Site; preliminary radiological and engineering assessment of the Gremikha Open Pad • Feasibility study for the Nuclear and Radiation Dangerous Objects decommissioning (incl. ITER) at Russian Research Center "Kurchatov Institute“ • Procurement of facilities and/or equipment dedicated to RRC-KI Nuclear and Radioactive dangerous Objects decommissioning, SNF and RW management and territory remediation, Supply contract • Murmansk: TACIS Information Centre for Governmental and Public Awareness and Acceptance of Radwaste Management Issues in the Murmansk Region • Engineering Concept evaluation for the de-fuelling of LEPSE • Strategydefinition for Russian and (Ukrainian) NPPback end radioactive waste management, including draft legislation and institutional framework • - Upgrading of Sergiev Posad Department of Moscow NPO RADON and assessment of the radiological impact in the area nearby Rad-Waste Management Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan: - Aero-gamma survey of the STS area - Modernization of the ground water monitoring system for territory of the former Semipalantinsk Test Site (STS) and construction of barrier preventing radioactivity distribution with groundwater flowing from Degelen Mountain Russia: Irtysh river monitoring Aktau, Kazakhstan: Feasibility Study for BN 350 NPP Solid and liquid Radioactive waste conditioning Chernobyl, Ukraine: - Assistance & Integrated Project Management Unit for: - Radwaste facilities construction - Auxiliary Decommissioning Facilities, - Exclusion Zone radiological monitoring - Training on NPPs equipment maintenance (Atomremontservice)

12. Safeguards Review of the Technical Specifications for Procurement of Equipment and of the Evaluation Criteria; participation to the Evaluation Committees for Equipment Supply Safeguards & Dissemination • Dissemination • Creation of a web site (http://sic-www.jrc.nl/tp/) for displaying TACIS/PHARE Project Description &Results (Project sheets & Extended Summaries for important Design Safety projects) • TACIS Dissemination Seminar held in Moscow, 4-6 June 2002, for about 130 Russian, Ukrainian and other specialists • TACIS Dissemination Conference held in Moscow, 18-20 October 2005 • - PHARE Dissemination Seminar held in Brussels, 9 November 2005 • TACIS Dissemination activities ongoing for Ukrainian projects

13. SENUF • New “Forum” promoting Safety of Eastern European Type Nuclear Facilities by providing communication between Eastern European Nuclear Operators in Candidate Countries (new members) themselves and relations with Major Western European Nuclear Operators • Main objective : • Promote safety upgrading by technical exchange between operators • Area of interest: • Operational safety (Maintenance is selected as a prime topic) • Working Group on NPP maintenance established (Collaboration Agreement signed by 11 institutes) List of Members (June 2005) • Paks NPP, Hungary • Framatome ANP, Germany • Endesa Generación, Spain • RAAN – Subsidiary of Technology and Engineering for Nuclear Projects, Romania • Krško NPP, Slovenia • Bohunice NPP, Slovakia • Mochovce NPP, Slovakia • VNIIAES, Russian Federation • Ignalina NPP, Lithuania • Kozloduy NPP, Bulgaria • NNEGC Energoatom, Ukraine Activities (2004/06) • SOAR on “Nuclear Power Plant Maintenance in the CIS & CEEC (EUR-21165 EN) • SOAR on “Modernisation & Plant Life Extension Activities of Russian VVERs • Status of implementation of Advanced maintenance optimization strategies • Database on advanced and specific equipment, tools, materials, products & technological Processes • Specialists’ meeting on “Use of PSA tools to support NPP Maintenance Activities” in Mai/June 2005 • Report on organisational issues (assessment of daily management issues , performance indicator effectiveness) • Application of rganisational models for PLIM to VVERs • Probabilistic tools for RCM & Risk-Informed maintenance for VVERs

14. Others activities & developments • Making best use of expertise & experience • Stronger Involvement in EC Harmonisation Actions (PECO activities, TREN policy ) • Enhancing International co-operation with others international Organisations: • IAEA: EBP-SALTO, Maintenance, … • OECD/NEA • … • Planning the Future • Follow-up of TACIS Programme • FP7 • …

15. Some specific activities towards Ukraine Assessment & validation of embrittlement & re-embrittlement models for VVER 1000 & 440/213 RPVs • SAG (Topical Reports, Meetings, Synthesis Report): • Participation of representatives from RF, U, IAEA, Western European Nuclear Industry +TSO & EC/JRC • Objective: Summarise the available results relevant to RPV integrity Issues and address the open ones in view of the ongoing TACIS programme • Open Issues: Integrity assessment methodology, brittle/ductile transition region, irradiation embritlement of cladding and HAZ, mitigation measures, upgrading of surveilllance programme results, irradiation temperature, nickel effect, microstructural examination, crack arrest, uncertainties.

16. Some specific activities towards Ukraine Assessment & validation of embrittlement & re-embrittlement models for VVER 1000 & 440/213 RPVs • Upgrading of RPV surveillance results: • Systematic collection of the available surveillance results and re-assessment of their neutron doses • Testing reconstituted specimens (Standard + pre-cracked Charpy V) made from selected broken surveil. specimens • Assessment of standard (ΔTk/K1c indexation), direct (MC) as well as advanced methods (local approach) for toughness assessment • Systematic summarising (database) of upgraded and complementary results

17. Some specific activities towards Ukraine Assessment & validation of embrittlement & re-embrittlement models for VVER 1000 & 440/213 RPVs • Specific Topics: • Complementary microstructural APFIM examinations on available irradiated / annealed materials (nickel effect) • Appropriate characterisation of 2 highly irradiated materials (NVZ 2 / Reactor 27), subjected respectively to matrix hardening and segregations, with the aim to assess the fracture toughness transition region • A SoA report on the knowledge of cladding properties and complementary toughness testing using available irradiated pre-cracked Charpy V specimens.

18. Some specific activities towards Ukraine Dissemination • Overall Objective(s) : • Provide assistance to Energoatom and to a wider technical and scientific community in the framework of the Tacis NS Programme by assessing and summarising the status and achievements of completed or ongoing projects for Ukraine and by making up-to-date “Project Results Summaries” publicly available through Internet • Specific Objective(s): • Help Energoatom to capitalise the knowledge gained during the implementation of modernisation measures at their NPPs, in particular those benefiting from Tacis assistance. • Serve Energoatom for internal information on past project results and in replicating implementation of modernisation measures on their units. • Target Group(s): • Relevant Departments of the Ministry of Fuel and Energy and Energoatom; relevant staff of Ukrainian NPPs

19. Some specific activities towards Ukraine Dissemination • Planned tasks & project outputs : • Task 1: Project management, including subcontracting • Task 2: Elaboration of “Project Results Summaries” (PRSs) of the major Ukrainian Tacis Nuclear Safety Projects • Task 3: Preparation of a centralised archiving system for mandatory technical documents of implemented modernisation measures • Task 4: Organisation of a one-day dissemination seminar (October 2006) • Task 5: Final project documentation, including Project Summary Report • Project start date : 20 December 2004 • Project duration: 24 months

20. Some specific activities towards Ukraine Dissemination

21. Some specific activities towards Ukraine Dissemination • TITLE • Project EC n.: • Project Type: • (OSA, Design safety, Safety Organisations, Fuel/waste, Safeg., R&D) • Project Site: • Installation Type: • Project Duration: • Project Status: • (Planned, Ongoing, Completed, Cancelled) • Project Contractors: • Local Sub-contractor: • Beneficiary Organisation: • Name, Website (if available) • Project Description • Background, Objectives • Project Results - Achievements • With reference to the TORs • Comments • Quality of the results, Lesson learnt, Recommendations for follow-up • Further Information U1.01/95C-96A, dealing with the replacement of the SG safety valves at Rovno 1, 2 and 3 U4.01/94, dealing with waste treatment at Rovno NPP U1.03/96-97C, dealing with Fire protection improvement for cable penetrations at Zaporozhye NPP U1.01/97B, dealing with the hydrogen handling in the containment during normal and accidents at Rovno 1 & 2

22. Some specific activities towards Ukraine Dissemination WEB Site => http://www.jrc.nl/dissem/