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The DARK AGES (450-1000 CE)

The DARK AGES (450-1000 CE). Western Roman Empire disintegrates By 700 CE, most of Western Europe was controlled by local kings or chieftains. Land was the basis for wealth and power Feudal System begins-it is based on the ownership of land.

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The DARK AGES (450-1000 CE)

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  1. The DARK AGES (450-1000 CE) • Western Roman Empire disintegrates • By 700 CE, most of Western Europe was controlled by local kings or chieftains. • Land was the basis for wealth and power • Feudal System begins-it is based on the ownership of land. • Christianity spreads to these new rulers-they were baptized and so were their rulers (were they really Christians? • Many bishops and monasteries are granted land • Leads to political entanglements • The misuse of power and wealth • Led to political and practical concerns rather than spiritual ones • But it also had positive effects • Church had a basis to support itself • Monasteries were able to grow without concern for space • Church used its position to settle disputes • The churches and monasteries provided a refuge • These lands gave the church a position to use for leadership and inspiration for the common person.

  2. Christian Life in Dark Ages (pgs. 103-105) • God was in control • A world of Good and Evil • Church at the center of life activities • Standard Mass by 500 CE. • ITE MISSA EST! • Latin official language. Local lang. existed but… • Veneration of Saints • Each church had its saint • Between 500-700 CE requirements for priests are standarized…

  3. Eastern Roman Empire (106) • Strong Emperors rule the Eastern Roman Empire (Often these Emperors were influenced by Arianism) • Have considerable power over the Eastern Church • Appointing Bishops • Calling Councils • Directly involved in theological disputes and church policies • Encouraged missionaries to convert Barbarians

  4. Chieftains (106-108) • Theodoric –King of a Gothic tribe. Takes control of Italy. • Clovis-King of the Franks and takes control of some of France. He forces those he conquers to be Christians. • Chieftains convert to Christianity and their people follow. Often thousands of people would be baptized with little or no preparation. • Christendom becomes the predominat organizational and cultural force • The Church grew but was politically tied to the Chieftains.

  5. Justinian (108-110) • He rules Byzantine Empire from 527-565 • Develops “Justinian’s Code.” Recodifies all laws within the Empire and this becomes basis for some of Modern European Law • His code reflects Christian values • Usury-taking of interest on a loan was forbidden to Christians. • He persecutes the Jews • They were forbidden to own land • Needed work that provided a living—often involved in specialized crafts (goldsmiths and gem stone cutters) • Some took up loaning money for interest, esp. to nobles and landlords. • He rebuilds Hagia Sophia (Holy Wisdom)

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