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After the cataclysm: Vienna and beyond

After the cataclysm: Vienna and beyond. Chapter 20.2. Life after Napoleon. Predict what will happen: Europe has seen revolution sweep the continent: Dutch Patriot Revolt (1787) Belgian Independence Movement (Austrian Netherlands) Poland 1780s-90s French Revolution

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After the cataclysm: Vienna and beyond

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  1. After the cataclysm:Vienna and beyond Chapter 20.2

  2. Life after Napoleon • Predict what will happen: • Europe has seen revolution sweep the continent: • Dutch Patriot Revolt (1787) • Belgian Independence Movement (Austrian Netherlands) • Poland 1780s-90s • French Revolution • American Revolution (Great Britain) How do you think Europe will react to all that has happened? • Congress of Vienna • Conservatism • Backlash from Conservatism – 1848 revolts

  3. Congress of Vienna • Five Major Powers of Europe met from 1814-1815 in Vienna, Austria • Austria, Russia, Prussia, Britain, France • Congress System or “Concert of Europe” • Settled the boundaries of European states • Determined who would rule each nation • Est. a new framework for international relations What to do with Napoleon’s new countries? • Duchy of Warsaw • Confederation of the Rhine • Italian Nation-States

  4. Congress of Vienna • Klemens von Metternich: prince of Austria. • Took the lead in negotiations at the Congress • How did Metternich and Great Britain design the power structure of Europe? • Charles de Talleyrand: French negotiator • Supported the Revolution, was Napoleon’s foreign minister, was Louis XVIII foreign minister, becomes France’s Prime Minster after Vienna. Restoration: goal to “restore” as many of the former rulers as possible.

  5. Redrawing the boundaries of Europe • Duchy of Warsaw becomes Kingdom of Poland • With Russian Tsar as king • Dutch Republic and Austrian Netherlands united as Kingdom of the Netherlands. • Ruled by the stadholder • Confederation of the Rhine becomes the German Confederation (replaced the old Holy Roman Empire) • Controlled by Austria Holy Alliance: proposed by Tsar Alexander • Russia, Prussia, Austria • What are the biggest changes we see after the Congress of Vienna?

  6. Rulers throughout History “Too many examples demonstrate that the contagion of revolutionary principles is arrested by neither distance nor physical obstacles.” - Metternich on the American revolution and the Monroe Doctrine These developments represent a “contagious example,” a “virus” that might “infect” others all the way to central Europe. -Henry Kissinger on the democratic election of Salvador Allende “This virus is spreading throughout the Middle East… This, I would argue, is probably the most dangerous period…of our entire involvement in the Middle East, at least in modern times.“ - John McCain on the pro-democracy Arab Spring

  7. Emergence of Conservatism Where have we come from? • Enlightenment based on reason • French Revolution with bloody guillotine and terror • Napoleon’s authoritarian and militaristic regime Conservatives: original critic of the French Revolution -> Edmund Burke • Established reason over Enlightenment skepticism • Tradition over revolution • Prefer monarchies to republics

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