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EXODUS

EXODUS. III. Covenant at Sinai (19 – 24). Plain of el-Raha near Jebel Musa. Wadi el-Deir near Jebel Musa. Wadi el-Deir and St. Catherine’s Monastery. Jebel Musa above St. Catherine’s. Plain of Rafah at Sinai Where Israel Camped. Elijah's Spring. III. Covenant at Sinai (19 – 24)

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EXODUS

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  1. EXODUS III. Covenant at Sinai (19 – 24)

  2. Plain of el-Raha near Jebel Musa

  3. Wadi el-Deir near Jebel Musa

  4. Wadi el-Deir and St. Catherine’s Monastery

  5. Jebel Musa above St. Catherine’s

  6. Plain of Rafah at Sinai Where Israel Camped

  7. Elijah's Spring

  8. III. Covenant at Sinai (19 – 24) • General Comments: • 1. This is a covenant Theophony encounter with God • In the ANE a covenant was made between a King and the people (Suzerainty/Vessel) • 2. The Law Code had two types of Laws • i. Apodictic • ii. Casuistic

  9. III. Covenant at Sinai (19 – 24) • General Comments: • 1. This is a covenant Theophany encounter with God • In the ANE a covenant was made between a King and the people (Suzerainty/Vessel) • 2. The Law Code had two types of Laws • i. Apodictic •   ii. Causistic • 3. Laws were Para-dynamic

  10. III. Covenant at Sinai (19 – 24) • Ex. 20:1-2 PREAMBLE AND PROLOUGE • 1. Exodus 20:1-2 And God spoke all these words: 2 "I am the LORD your God, who brought you out of Egypt, out of the land of slavery. • 2. This verse emphasizes who is giving the commands • I. “God spoke all these words”, not man. • I. It also reminds us of how Israel and YHWH came to be in this relationship • 3. Vs. 2 “Who brought you out of Egypt, out of the land of Slavery” • “all these words” ~yrIïb'D>h;-lK' “cal ha-de-va-reem.”

  11. III. Covenant at Sinai (19 – 24) • Ex. 20:1-2 PREAMBLE AND PROLOUGE • Ancient Near Eastern Law Codes • i. Two things reigned in the Ancient Near East. Covenants and Law Codes. • ii. The Difference between a covenant and a law • code • a. Covenants: • b. Ancient Near Eastern Law Codes • Victor Hamiltons Book Handbook on the Pentateuch 2nd ed., (Baker Academics, Grand Rapids, MI., 2005) pg, 201.

  12. III. Covenant at Sinai (19 – 24) • Ex. 20:1-2 PREAMBLE AND PROLOUGE • Ancient Near Eastern Law Codes • Code of Ur Nammu: (2100 – 2000 BC) • Code of Eshnunna: (1980 BC) • Code of Lipit-Ishtar: (1930 BC) • Code of Hammurabi (1792-1750 BC) • The Hittite law code: (1552-1500 BC) • The Middle Assyrian Laws: (1115-1107 BC)

  13. SIX BASIC INGREDIENTS OF ANCIENT COVENANTS OF THE A.N.E. • 1. Preamble: • 2. Prologue. • 3. Stipulations. • 4. Sanctions • 5. Witnesses. • Preservation of the Covenant

  14. III. Covenant at Sinai (19 – 24) • 20:1-17 Decalogue “Ten Commandments” • No other Gods • No Idols • Shall not misuse the name of the Lord • Remember the Sabbath day • Honor your father and mother • You shall not murder • You shall not commit adultery • You shall not steel • You shall not give false testimony • You shall not covet

  15. III. Covenant at Sinai (19 – 24) • 20:1-17 Decalogue “Ten Commandments” • No other Gods • No Idols • Shall not misuse the name of the Lord • Remember the Sabbath day • Honor your father and mother • You shall not murder • You shall not commit adultery • You shall not steel • You shall not give false testimony • You shall not covet

  16. Late Bronze standing stones at Hazor

  17. III. Covenant at Sinai (19 – 24) • 20:1-17 Decalogue “Ten Commandments” • No other Gods • No Idols • Shall not misuse the name of the Lord • Remember the Sabbath day • Honor your father and mother • You shall not murder • You shall not commit adultery • You shall not steel • You shall not give false testimony • You shall not covet

  18. III. Covenant at Sinai (19 – 24) • 20:1-17 Decalogue “Ten Commandments” • No other Gods • No Idols • Shall not misuse the name of the Lord • Remember the Sabbath day • Honor your father and mother • You shall not murder • You shall not commit adultery • You shall not steel • You shall not give false testimony • You shall not covet

  19. III. Covenant at Sinai (19 – 24) • 20:1-17 Decalogue “Ten Commandments” • No other Gods • No Idols • Shall not misuse the name of the Lord • Remember the Sabbath day • Honor your father and mother • You shall not murder • You shall not commit adultery • You shall not steel • You shall not give false testimony • You shall not covet

  20. "Honor (Exo 20:12) Greek: Τίμα “To Honor” Hebrew: כַּבֵּ֥דCa-ved: “To honor, to make heavy” Same word used for the “Glory of God”

  21. ὑπακούετε NIV Colossians 3:20 Children, obey your parents in everything, for this pleases the Lord. (Col 3:20 NIV) Hoop-oh “to come under” Akoo-oh “to listen”

  22. III. Covenant at Sinai (19 – 24) • 20:1-17 Decalogue “Ten Commandments” • No other Gods • No Idols • Shall not misuse the name of the Lord • Remember the Sabbath day • Honor your father and mother • You shall not murder • You shall not commit adultery • You shall not steel • You shall not give false testimony • You shall not covet

  23. תִּרְצָֽ֖ח (Exo 20:13 WTT) Pre-Meditated cold blooded killing

  24. III. Covenant at Sinai (19 – 24) • 20:1-17 Decalogue “Ten Commandments” • No other Gods • No Idols • Shall not misuse the name of the Lord • Remember the Sabbath day • Honor your father and mother • You shall not murder • You shall not commit adultery • You shall not steel • You shall not give false testimony • You shall not covet

  25. NIV Matthew 15:19 For out of the heart come evil thoughts, murder, adultery, sexual immorality, theft, false testimony, slander.

  26. NIV Galatians 5:19 The acts of the sinful nature are obvious: sexual immorality, impurity and debauchery; . Sexual immorality / fornication, πορνεία (porneia), sexual immorality, sexual sin of a general kind, that includes many different behaviors (Mt 5:32; 15:19; 19:9; Mk 7:21; Jn 8:41; Ac 15:20; 1Co 6:18; 7:2; 2Co 12:21; Gal 5:19; Eph 5:3; 1Th 4:3)

  27. NIV Galatians 5:19 The acts of the sinful nature are obvious: sexual immorality, impurity and debauchery; . Impurity ἀκαθαρσία, ας, ἡ literally worthless material, waste; of graves decayed flesh, causing ceremonial uncleanness, defilement (MT 23.27); figuratively, moral uncleanness, impurity (1TH 2.3), opposite ἁγιασμός (holy living); of sexual vice immorality, indecency, sexual impurity (RO 1.24) Debachery / lascivious avse,lgeia living without any moral restraint licentiousness, sensuality, lustful indulgence unbridled lust, sensual excess, licentiousness, lasciviousness, wantonness, outrageousness, shamelessness, insolence Key point to this word is that Ἀσέλγεια is a comprehensive expression for evil and perversion. It is one of the vices that destroy an individual from within (Mark 7:22).

  28. NIV Galatians 5:19 The acts of the sinful nature are obvious: sexual immorality, impurity and debauchery; Debachery / lascivious avse,lgeia living without any moral restraint licentiousness, sensuality, lustful indulgence unbridled lust, sensual excess, licentiousness, lasciviousness, wantonness, outrageousness, shamelessness, insolence Key point to this word is that Ἀσέλγεια is a comprehensive expression for evil and perversion. It is one of the vices that destroy an individual from within (Mark 7:22).

  29. ESV Ezekiel 23:21 Thus you longed for the lewdness of your youth, when the Egyptians handled your bosom and pressed your young breasts." ESV Ezekiel 23:3 They played the whore in Egypt; they played the whore in their youth; there their breasts were pressed and their virgin bosoms handled. To be fondled מָעַךְ

  30. III. Covenant at Sinai (19 – 24) • 20:1-17 Decalogue “Ten Commandments” • No other Gods • No Idols • Shall not misuse the name of the Lord • Remember the Sabbath day • Honor your father and mother • You shall not murder • You shall not commit adultery • You shall not steal • You shall not give false testimony • You shall not covet

  31. III. Covenant at Sinai (19 – 24) • 20:1-17 Decalogue “Ten Commandments” • No other Gods • No Idols • Shall not misuse the name of the Lord • Remember the Sabbath day • Honor your father and mother • You shall not murder • You shall not commit adultery • You shall not steal • You shall not give false testimony • You shall not covet

  32. III. Covenant at Sinai (19 – 24) • 20:1-17 Decalogue “Ten Commandments” • No other Gods • No Idols • Shall not misuse the name of the Lord • Remember the Sabbath day • Honor your father and mother • You shall not murder • You shall not commit adultery • You shall not steal • You shall not give false testimony • You shall not covet

  33. III. Covenant at Sinai (19 – 24) • 19:1-24:18 DIVINE MORALITY • 19:1-8 Eagles wings speech • “I carried you out on eagles wings” • Mother eagle who teaches her chicks to fly • 19:9-25 Advent of God on Sinai • Theophany • Cloud of fire & Thunder • People told to “consecrate themselves” • Not to come near or God would “break out against them” i.e. strike them dead.

  34. III. Covenant at Sinai (19 – 24) • 19:1-24:18 DIVINE MORALITY • 19:1-8 Eagles wings speech • 19:9-25 Advent of God on Sinai • 20:1-17 The Decalogue “Ten Commandments”

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