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Sustainable Community Development: some thoughts

Sustainable Community Development: some thoughts. Prof. Gilberto M. Jannuzzi University of Campinas and International Energy Initiative. Global Partnership Workshop: Research in Sustainable Community Development Center for Latin American Studies University of Pittsburg April 13-14 2007.

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Sustainable Community Development: some thoughts

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  1. Sustainable Community Development: some thoughts Prof. Gilberto M. Jannuzzi University of Campinas and International Energy Initiative Global Partnership Workshop: Research in Sustainable Community Development Center for Latin American Studies University of Pittsburg April 13-14 2007

  2. Contents • Energy as a cross cutting issue: urban and rural development • Basic needs, poverty alleviation and sustainability • Energy shaping future urban design • Challenges University of Pittsburgh 13-14 April 2007

  3. Sustainable Urban Development? University of Pittsburgh 13-14 April 2007

  4. Electricity consumption around the world From: Modi et. al. (2005) University of Pittsburgh 13-14 April 2007

  5. Population without electricity access in developing regions up to 2030 From: Modi et. al. (2005) University of Pittsburgh 13-14 April 2007

  6. Human Development Index (UN HDR, 2004) vs. Annual Per Capita Commercial Energy Consumption For the poorest countries small increments in energy services boost significantly their living conditions From: Modi et. al. (2005) University of Pittsburgh 13-14 April 2007

  7. Traditional fuels consumption From: Modi et. al. (2005) University of Pittsburgh 13-14 April 2007

  8. Population without access to modern cooking fuels From: Modi et. al. (2005) University of Pittsburgh 13-14 April 2007

  9. Brazil: The saturation levels of LPG (% total HH) University of Pittsburgh 13-14 April 2007

  10. Evolution of LPG demand: total and average per capita consumption (1990=100) Ends LPG uniform pricing, subsidies and government control (partial and gradual) Oil sector de-regulation University of Pittsburgh 13-14 April 2007

  11. Gender: time spent and transport burden Highest burden on women: firewood, water collection University of Pittsburgh 13-14 April 2007

  12. Challenges • Modern energy services needed! • 1 billion people without electricity • 2 billion people without clean cooking fuels • We have the technologies and $ to solve the above!!! • Increasing urbanization in developing countries • Increasing demand for “energy services” (direct and indirect), leisure, mobility • Serious implications: space design and climate change • Examples of implications to developing countries: • World’s demand for goods drives China’s growing energy demand and GHGs emissions • World’s demand for biofuels and bio-trade may distort developing countries domestic needs University of Pittsburgh 13-14 April 2007

  13. Aiming at sustainable energy system affects spatial design University of Pittsburgh 13-14 April 2007 Source: Moffatt (2007)

  14. Aiming at spatial design affects future energy system University of Pittsburgh 13-14 April 2007 Source: Moffatt (2007)

  15. Energy from “underground” → Small spatial claims Source: Moffatt (2007) University of Pittsburgh 13-14 April 2007

  16. Future energy supply increasingly surface bound → Large spatial claims Source: Moffatt (2007) University of Pittsburgh 13-14 April 2007

  17. Elements: Fire, Water, Soil, Air Solar potential Source: Moffatt (2007)

  18. Elements: Fire, Water, Soil, Air Wind potential Source: Moffatt (2007)

  19. Elements: Fire, Water, Soil, Air Biomass potential

  20. Integration of energy-scape with landscape University of Pittsburgh 13-14 April 2007 Source: Moffatt (2007)

  21. Storm Water Integration of energy systemswith all other urban systems Source: Moffatt (2007) University of Pittsburgh 13-14 April 2007

  22. Distributed, Clustered, Interconnected, Integrated, Adaptable, Low-impact, Service-Oriented, Multipurpose Source: Moffatt (2007) University of Pittsburgh 13-14 April 2007

  23. Alternative Energy & Transportation Hub Multi-modal Multi-fuel Source: Moffatt (2007) University of Pittsburgh 13-14 April 2007

  24. Summing up • Daunting task!! But possible. • Technologies, more R&D, more $ • Combination public policies & market mechanisms • Cooperation and integration • Sustainability means several things: • Fight poverty increase material development • Increase future energy security • Guarantee “basic needs” • What other needs are “basic”? • Challenge: efficient system with net low or no GHGs emissions • The build environment is key contributor towards a more sustainable energy system • Sustainable lifestyle to all University of Pittsburgh 13-14 April 2007

  25. References • Moffatt, S. “Urban Efficiency: case study” presented at the Workshop Scaling-up Energy Efficiency: Bridging the Action Gap. International Energy Agency, Paris, 2-3 April 2007. see also http://www.bridgingtothefuture.org/ • Fulkerson, W., M. D. Levine, et al. (2005). "Sustainable, efficient electricity service for one billion people." Energy for Sustainable Development IX(2): 26-34. • Modi, V., S. McDade, et al. (2005). “Energy Services for the Millennium Development Goals”. New York, The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank/ESMAP, United Nations Development Programme: 116. • Jannuzzi, G. M. and G. A. Sanga (2004). "LPG subsidies in Brazil: an estimate." Energy for Sustainable Development VIII(3): 127-129. • Goldemberg, J., T. Johansson, et al. (2004). "A global clean cooking fuel initiative." Energy for Sustainable Development VIII(3): 5-12. University of Pittsburgh 13-14 April 2007

  26. Thank you! jannuzzi@fem.unicamp.br www.fem.unicamp.br/~jannuzzi

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