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INFORMS 2012 Shared Corridor Railway Maintenance Scheduling

INFORMS 2012 Shared Corridor Railway Maintenance Scheduling. Brennan M. Caughron Graduate Research Assistant Rail Transportation and Engineering Center ( RailTEC ) University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Outline. FRA shared corridor research needs study Introduction and background

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INFORMS 2012 Shared Corridor Railway Maintenance Scheduling

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  1. INFORMS 2012Shared Corridor Railway Maintenance Scheduling Brennan M. Caughron Graduate Research Assistant Rail Transportation and Engineering Center (RailTEC) University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

  2. Outline • FRA shared corridor research needs study • Introduction and background • Maintenance planning • Strategic planning • Tactical scheduling • Integrated train and maintenance scheduling • SRC research needs

  3. INVESTIGATING TECHNICAL CHALLENGES AND RESEARCH NEEDS RELATED TO SHARED CORRIDORS FOR HIGH-SPEED PASSENGER AND RAILROAD FREIGHT OPERATIONS • Project Description: • New high speed rail (HSR) developments in the U.S. need to address technical challenges of shared rail corridors in the North America rail environment • The objectives of this project are to identify shared rail corridor technical challenges, existing and on-going research, knowledge gaps and research needs • Impact on the Railroad Industry: • Reducing the operational and program deployment risks associated with shared rail corridors • Identification of critical areas to address in planning new HSR systems • Expediting the process of developing efficient and safe HSR shared corridors with better prioritization in planning Research Sponsor: BROAD AGENCY ANNOUNCEMENT BAA-2010-1 Research and Demonstration Projects Supporting the Development of High Speed and Intercity Passenger Rail Service

  4. Shared-Use Corridor Operating Configurations Freight or conventional passenger rail service High-speed rail service Adjacent trackcenters >25’ ≤ 200’ Shared track & shared ROW Shared track:tracks shared between passenger and freight or other service. Shared right of way (ROW):dedicated high-speed passenger tracks separated from freight or other service tracks up to 25’ Shared corridor:dedicated high-speed passenger tracks separated from freight or other service tracks by 25-200’ Adjacent trackcenters ≤ 25’ Shared corridor

  5. Shared Corridor Categories • Safety technology and operating practices • Rail infrastructure and equipment • Economic and institutional issues • Planning and operations • Infrastructure upgrade prioritization • Rail capacity planning • Train scheduling patterns • Passenger train schedule reliability • Maintenance-of-way scheduling

  6. Railway Periodic Inspection • Inspection activities occur on regular intervals depending on quality (class) of track • Inspectionevents • Visual inspection monthly to 1-3 times per week (speed, track function, traffic) • Rail flaw detection 2 yearly or before 40MGT (with passenger traffic) • Gauge restraint measurement system annually for classes 8 and 9 • Automated track geometry 1-2 yearly up to twice every 120 days • Joint bar flaw detection • Ground penetrating radar • Machine vision systems • Personnel and equipment must usually occupy track to perform inspection (some exceptions)

  7. Railway Periodic Maintenance • Track is taken out of service for maintenance to occur • Operation on adjacent tracks can be impacted by maintenance activities • Activities occur on intervals based on cumulative traffic or time Categories of maintenance work • Rail relay • Curve gauging • Tie replacement • Ballast cleaning • Shoulder ballast cleaner • Undercutting • Surfacing • System high-speed • Spot surfacing • Track renewal • Bridge maintenance

  8. Modeling Maintenance Scheduling • Numerous individuals have applied optimization techniques to problems related to planning and scheduling railway maintenance • Model categories • Strategic planning • Tactical scheduling • Maintenance scheduling within existing schedule • Integrated train and maintenance scheduling

  9. Strategic Maintenance Planning • Long term planning horizon (year) • Large time increment (week) • Schedule work crews to specific projects on the network • Generally preventative (rail, ties, ballast) vs. reactive maintenance (fixing slow orders) • Considers various network constraints • Number and type of work crews • Work crew location constraints • Multiple projects on each network segment • Benefits of maintenance blitz strategies • Longer term disruption of rail traffic • Precedence relationship between activities • Weather or seasonal constraints

  10. Strategic Maintenance Planning A Network Projects Crews B 4 1 2 ? ? 3 F 5 ? ? E ? 6 7 1 1 1 C D

  11. Strategic Planning - Previous Work • Grimes (1995) • Genetic algorithm • Track surfacing planning • Track quality, degradation rate, various costs • Budai et al. (2006) • Preventative maintenance scheduling problem (PMSP) • Minimize total track possession cost • Considers one network segment • Gorman et al. (2010) • Maintenance production gang scheduling • Minimize labor, equipment, repositioning/travel costs • Labor agreements, precedence relationships, early start/late finish constraints

  12. Strategic Planning - Previous Work • Pouryousef et al. (2010) • Refined PMSP from Budai • Simultaneous planning of several segments • Minimize track possession cost, maintenance cost, and penalty for performing work too early • Peng et al. (2011) • Minimize travel costs of production gangs (travel cost more variable than relative fixed cost of performing work) • Weather, network disruption, activity precedence constraints included • Methodology integrated into maintenance planning process of a class 1 railroad

  13. Tactical Maintenance Scheduling • Short term planning horizon (weeks or days) • Small time increment (hours) • Planning for one or several lines vs. network • Scheduling maintenance activities into existing traffic pattern • Train schedule typically adopted before maintenance schedule • Not able to reschedule some types of rail traffic • Passenger (+- minutes) • Intermodal (+- hours) • Manifest (+- hours) • Delay costs for different traffic types • Productivity losses for maintenance crews with interrupted or split work windows • Limited number of crews

  14. Tactical Maintenance Scheduling 1 2 Distance 3 Time

  15. Shared ROW with High Speed Rail 1 2 Distance 3 Time Existing RR High speed trains New HSR

  16. Previous Work Higgins (1998) • Schedule maintenance activities and crews in an existing rail traffic pattern • Decision support tool for operation and maintenance managers • Activities considered • Inspection • Cross ties • Rail (replacement and grinding) • Ballast cleaning • Track surfacing • Case study line (302 km, 45 sidings) • Manually constructed maintenance schedule • 7.4% increase in activity finishing time • 18% increase in train and maintenance delay

  17. Integrated Train and Maintenance Scheduling • Maintenance activities and train schedules planned simultaneously • Objective function: minimize total cost of train delay and maintenance activities • North American operating environment • Unscheduled trains (bulk commodities) • Scheduled trains (passenger, intermodal, manifest) • Long trains • Long shipment distances (2,000+ miles) • European operating environment • Scheduled trains (freight and passenger) • Meet and pass planning • Temporal separation of traffic types • Integrated train and maintenance scheduling may have limited application in the N. American operating environment

  18. Previous Work Albrecht et al. (2010) • Problem space search (PSS) meta-heuristic • Simultaneous scheduling of maintenance activities and rail traffic • Minimize total delay to rail traffic and maintenance crews • Considered additional metric – delay experienced by worst performing train (better consideration of distribution of delays) • Applied to case study line • Total delay reduced 17% vs. manual schedule • Maximum delay reduced 34%

  19. Shared Corridor Research Needs • Strategic planning • Passenger traffic delay constraints related to network and seasonal conditions • Tactical scheduling • Delay cost for different train types • Cost of lost maintenance productivity in interrupted or split windows • Threshold for integrated rail traffic and maintenance planning • Threshold for temporal separation (maintenance at night, rail traffic during the day) • Tactical scheduling with stochastic train and maintenance events (longer planning horizon, more uncertainty)

  20. Questions? Brennan M. Caughron bcaughr2@illinois.edu

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