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Summary of the current status of the work of TUM-BO

Overview of ongoing projects involving DNA extraction, phospholipid analysis, labeled plant litter production, and socioeconomical appraisal on peatlands in Germany conducted by TUM-BO scientists, technicians, and voluntary workers.

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Summary of the current status of the work of TUM-BO

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  1. Summary of the current status of the work of TUM-BO Scientists: Andreas Gattinger, Michael Schloter, Alexandra Hagn (DNA), Ursula Bausenwein (Socioeconomics) Technicians: Franz Buegger (EA-IRMS, GC-IRMS, GC/MS-c-IRMS, plant labelling),Conny Galonska (DNA) Christine Kollerbaur, Benjamin Mehnert (Lipids) Voluntary worker (Environmental Protection): Matthias Weiss (2003-2004), Jens Prescher (2004-2005) Technical University of Munich(at the campus of GSF-Research Center for Environment & Health)Chair of Soil Ecology, D- 85764 Neuherberg

  2. Summary of the current status of the work of TUM-BO 1. Extraction and analysis of phospholipid biomarker in peat (bog) samples (WP 04: D12-D14) 2. Extraction and analysis of DNA in peat (bog) samples (WP 04: D12-D14) 3. Production of 13C/15N labelled plant litter for field experiment (WP 04: D13; WP 05: D19) 4. Socioeconomical appraisal for German peatlands (WP 01: D3)

  3. 1. Extraction and analysis of phospholipid biomarker in peat (bog) samples (W P04: D12-D14)

  4. Side chain analysis of phospholipids biomarker to describe bacterial, eukaryotic and archaeal diversity with particular emphasis on methanogenic archaea and methanotrophic bacteria; the following fractions (biomarker) are analysed: Bacterial & eukaryotic diversityAnalysis of esterlinked fatty acids (PLFA):- saturated (SATFA): Gram-positives, sulfate reducer- monounsaturated (MUFA): Gram- negatives, methanotrophs - polyunsaturated (PUFA): fungi, protozoa Archaeal diversity Analysis of etherlinked isoprenoids (PLEL):- saturated short chain (i20:0): all archaea - saturated long chain (i40:0): all archaea - cyclic long chain (i40:0-cy): Crenarchaeota- unsaturated short chain (i20:1): methanogens

  5. Extraction and analysis of phospholipid biomarker in peat (bog) samples (W P04: D12-D14) From the peat samples investigated within work programme 1, 208 samples were selected for PLFA analysis; from layer 6 and 8 only duplicate samples were analysed to reduce sample amount for PLFA and DNA analysis (59 from Finland (FI), 40 from France (FR), 46 from Switzerland (CH), 43 from Scotland (SCO), 20 from France (FB)) All PLFA samples are prepared 832 (+ 360 from labelling experiment) because of 4 different PLFA fractions, in average 20-30 PLFA compounds per run are to be identified and quantified Problems with GC/MS-c-IRMS system since 4 months, company has not solved the problem yet (GC columns of poor quality, splitting technique unreliable, RF generator of the ion source is unstable, compliance of the peak evaluation software has not been sorted out)

  6. Simultaneous identification and quantification of PLFA/PLEL from environmental samples and their corresponding 12C/13C ratios by GC/MS-C-IRMS 20% of the analyte MS(DSQ) IRMS(DeltaPlusAdvantage) 80% of the analyte

  7. PLEL-derived isoprenoids (2-6 archaeal/methanogenic marker) site comparison site*situation comparison

  8. PLEL-derived isoprenoids (archaeal/methanogenic marker) depth*situation comparison

  9. PLEL-derived isoprenoids (archaeal/methanogenic marker) depth*situation comparison

  10. 2. Extraction and analysis of DNA in peat (bog) samples (W P04: D12-D14)

  11. Reproducability FI-A-3-3

  12. Heterogeneity FI-A-3-2 FI-A-3-1

  13. Heterogeneity FR-A-4-3 FR-A-4-1

  14. Depth profiling FI-A-3-3 FI-A-2-1

  15. Depth profiling CH-A-4-1 CH-A-3-4

  16. Extraction and analysis of DNA in peat (bog) samples (WP 04: D12-D14) • The same 208 peat samples were selected for DNA analysis as for PLFA • From all 208 peat samples DNA was extracted (DNA extraction kit soilBio101 following test analysis with MLURI) • MLURI (Rebekka) received all DNA extracts (apart from FB samples) for fungal community fingerprints • EPFL/UfZ (Antonis) received DNA extracts (only CH samples) for protozoan diversity studies • first DNA analysis by TUM-BO: bacterial communities using 16S primer and subsequent t-RFLP analysis

  17. 4. Socioeconomical appraisal for peatlands in GermanyA. Gattinger, U. Bausenwein & M. Drösler (Uni Bayreuth) • data on peatland distribution, economics on peat production, import/export has been collected • in parallel a German group (among others M. Drösler, University of Bayreuth) is generating a new peatland inventory, as the current data is of poor quality (quite old, patchy, wrong, etc.) • the major focus on the study will be on the political framework in Germany to support sustainable management of peatlands, reports/concepts from 3 of 6 selected German States (peatland area > 2%) on this issues have been received

  18. Regenmoore bogs Versumpfungsmoore water rise mires Hangmoore 2% sloopy fens Quellmoore Durchströmungsmoore 1% spring mires percolation mires? Überflutungsmoore flood mires Verlandungsmoore terrestrialisation mires Hydrogenetic mire types in Germany ombrogenous geogenous 26% 31% 3% Kesselmoore 17% 5% 14%

  19. Distribution of mire types in Germany Main mire type: 1: coastal flood mires 2: coastal bogs 3: water rise mires 4: terrestrilisation mires 5: percolation mires 6: mountain bogs sloopy fens 7: mountain bogs terrestrilisation mires 8: water rise mires sloopy fens

  20. Occurence of mires > 300 ha in Germany

  21. 2.5% Germany France 0.3% Other Finland 16.5% Sweden Poland UK 3.4% Switzerland 0.05% Norway Ireland Estonia Belarus European Russia Distribution of European peatlands total European peatland area: 514 882 km2

  22. Usage of European peatlands

  23. Peatland use in Germany 18000 based on Lappalainen 1996 and Selin 1999 mire 4 % 16000 forest 13 % 12000 grass 52 % km2 8000 4000 crop 29 % peat cut 2 % 0 bog fen totalpeatland 2002 total peatland area: 13000 km2 (= 1.3 Mill. ha) mire area: 100 km2 peat is currently being formed based on Freibauer et al. in prep

  24. residual peat cut grass crop forestry mire UK France Finland Germany Switzerland Greenhouse gas budget assuming a 100-year horizon 7000 12.0% of total Europe Europe 51660 Gg 6000 60000 5000 50000 4000 40000 Gg CO2-equivalents 3000 30000 3.1% 2000 20000 0.9% 1000 10000 0.8% 0.1% 0 0 2nd largest emitter in Europe

  25. CO2 CH4 N2O UK France Finland Germany Switzerland Greenhouse gas budget assuming a 100-year horizon 7000 60000 6000 50000 5000 40000 4000 30000 3000 20000 Gg CO2-equivalents 2000 10000 1000 0 0 Europe 51660 Gg -1000 -2000

  26. Socioeconomical appraisal for peatlands in Germany • for us the major task is to review the political framework regarding the sustainable management of peatlands (e.g. reduction of climate-relevant trace gases by converting arable field into extensive pastures/grasslands)

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