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Hitler. Introduction to Der Fuhrer. Hitler’s Childhood. April 20, 1889 in Austria Older abusive father, younger affectionate mother Smart but not a good student Very religious, considered becoming a monk Pretended to run off to art school No real relationships with women—one imaginary?
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Hitler Introduction to Der Fuhrer
Hitler’s Childhood • April 20, 1889 in Austria • Older abusive father, younger affectionate mother • Smart but not a good student • Very religious, considered becoming a monk • Pretended to run off to art school • No real relationships with women—one imaginary? • Avoided military service but liked to play war as a kid • Moved to Germany, very nationalistic • Fought in WWI and was deeply humiliated by Germany’s loss and post-war treatment by Europe
Gestapo • State Secret Police • (Geheime Staatspolizei) • Had carte blanche to imprison people without any judicial proceedings • People had to sign their own request for imprisonment (out of fear?) • Before the Gestapo was the SA, or Storm Troopers, or the Brownshirts… the official military of the Nazi party • Then Hitler had the Night of the Long Knives in 1934 and purged…
Hermann Goring • Founded the Gestapo • WWI ace fighter pilot, stayed as head of the Luftwaffe (air force) through WWII • Guided the German economy pre-WWII • Hitler actually liked him for a successor one day • At the Nuremburg trials it was determined that besides Hitler, he was 2nd in command of all atrocities and “was the leading war aggressor” and sentenced to death, but…
Heinrich Himmler • Military commander, leading Nazi party member • In charge of setting up and running the concentration camps under Hitler’s orders • At the end of the war he tried to go into hiding, but was captured by the British and…
Joseph Goebbels • Reich Minister of Propaganda • Very anti-semitic, joined the Nazi party during the big reaction to the French occupation of the Ruhr • Highly educated, slightly disabled,refused from WWI military service
French Occupation of the Ruhr • 1923, failure of the Weimar Republic to pay reparations to France, so the French invaded that Ruhr Valley, full of coal… • resulted in strikes and a rise in German nationalism
Mein Kampf • “My Struggle” • Written while Hitler was in prison for the failed 1923 Beer Hall Putsch • Full of antisemitic statements and his process of concluding why all Jewish people should be eliminated • Speaks of “lebensraum”, or “living space” for the German people—territorial expansion
1923 Beer Hall Putsch • Hitler and the small group of Nazi followers attempted to overtake the German government at a bar • Ultimately, no one followed them and he was arrested. • Hermann Goring was there, and got shot • Germany was not ready for the revolution Hitler proposed
Double Headed Eagle • Listen to Goebbels and Hitler’s first speeches as official rulers in 1933. • What is your impression of Goebbels? • What are Hitler’s messages, especially in regards to WWI/post-war treatment?