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SRF Infrastructure Changes Required for a CW linac

SRF Infrastructure Changes Required for a CW linac. Robert Kephart FNAL AAC Meeting November 16, 2009. 4 Aligned SRF efforts. Working to pursue these in a coordinated way. ILC SRF R&D SRF infrastructure Project X SRF linac R&D HINS SRF R&D

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SRF Infrastructure Changes Required for a CW linac

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  1. SRF Infrastructure Changes Required for a CW linac Robert Kephart FNAL AAC Meeting November 16, 2009

  2. 4 Aligned SRF efforts Working to pursue these in a coordinated way • ILC SRF R&D • SRF infrastructure • Project X SRF linac R&D • HINS SRF R&D • ILC/SRF R&D focus: R&D on a pulsed linac @ 1.3 GHz, b =1 for ILC or (Project X; ICD-1, namely a pulsed 8 GeV linac) • SRF program funds infrastructure related to this activity • HINS focus: R&D to develop the front end of a 25 ma pulsed linac for Project X; ICD-1 (started during Proton Driver era) • Funds some infrastructure (e.g. 325 MHz HTS cryostat) but not all that would be required for Project X front-end construction • This talk: • Review the infrastructure we currently have or are building • Discuss changes required if Project X becomes a 2.x GeV CW linac R Kephart AAC meeting Nov 16, 2009

  3. ILC/SRF & Project X Integrated Plan • At the April 09 ILC DOE review, and again at the May 09 DOE SRF review, showed an integrated ILC/SRF/Px plan for b =1cavities and cryomodules • Goal of this integrated plan was to achieve by FY15: • Capability to build 1 CM/month • Tested RF units (with beam) for ILC or Px (ICD-1) • U.S. Industrial base capable of fabricating • 1.3 Ghz Cavities & Cryomodule parts • 1.3 GHz RF power components • Assumed: $ 36 M/yr for ILC + SRF + $ 52.7 M of ARRA funds • Assumed HINS & Project X fund beta < 1 work • Plan did not include infrastructure for: • Spoke resonator processing, 325 MHz CM assembly, or test • Any CW testing or operations R Kephart AAC meeting Nov 16, 2009

  4. ARRA SRF Funds ($ 52.7 M) • ARRA SRF: One time infusion of funding • Restores scope removed as result of the FY08 Omnibus Bill • Funds big ticket Infrastructure not previously funded: e.g. New NML buildings and large 1.8 K NML refrigerator • Fund new scope Cavity & EP industrialization, Industrial cryomodule parts, develop HF free process • Advance other planned SRF infrastructure needed to be ready for Project X by 2015 or ILC participation ~2018 • All M&S (80% goes to SRF industry) • Vacuum oven, 10 MW 1.3 GHz Klystron, VTS 2, HTS-2 RF • 40 Cavities, 30 RF Couplers, parts for 2 cryomodules • Industrial EP, Eco-friendly cavity processing R&D • NML: beamline components, large cryoplant, buildings • 10% goes to collaborators (ANL,SLAC, TJNAF) • Stimulus funding is focused on infrastructure for pulsed linac • Tight DOE milestones unclear what flexibility, if any, we have for changes R Kephart AAC meeting Nov 16, 2009 4

  5. Integrated ILC-PX SRF Plan (May 09) R Kephart AAC meeting Nov 16, 2009

  6. Cavity/CM process and Testing Fail! Cavity Fabrication Surface Processing Vertical Testing Fail! Pass! Horizontal Testing HPR or reprocess He Vessel, couplers, tuner Cold String Assembly Pass! Plan… Develop in labs then transfer technology to industry R Kephart AAC meeting Nov 16, 2009

  7. SRF Infrastructure High gradient cavities require extensive infrastructure Bare cavities Fabrication facilities ( e.g. Electron beam welders) Buffered Chemical Polish facilities ( BCP ) Electro-polish facilities ( EP ), Large Vacuum Ovens Ultra clean H20 & High Pressure Rinse systems Vertical Test System ( Cryogenics + low power RF ) Cavity Dressing Facilities (cryostat, tuner, coupler) Automatic welders, Class 10 clean room Horizontal Test System ( cryo and high power pulsed RF ) String Assembly Facilities Large class 10/100 clean rooms, Large fixtures Class 10 enclosures for cryomodule inner connects Cryomodule test facilities Cryogenics, pulsed RF power, LLRF, controls, shielding, etc. Beam tests  electron source (e.g. FNPL Photo-injector) Expensive, long lead times, Needed for ILC or Project X start R Kephart AAC meeting Nov 16, 2009

  8. Accomplishments Steady progress on SRF technology at FNAL Several new SRF facilities now in full operation Vertical Test Stand; tests bare cavities 35 tests so far Civil construction just completed for 2 more VTS systems Cryomodule Assembly Facility 2 CM assembled in MP9 & ICB Infrastructure to dress cavities (He vessels, tuners, couplers) Horizontal Test Stand; tests dressed cavities (unique in U.S.) 6 tests so far (5 for 3.9 GHz CM) Production testing of 1.3 GHz cavities is starting ANL/FNAL Joint EP Processing; commissioning Excellent results with single cells and HPR of 9 cell cavity. Three nine cells EP processed with full facility Mixed results, one ~32 MV/M, one 30 26 MV/M with FE, one ~12 MV/M RF unit test facility at New Muon Lab; under construction FY09 Accomplishments R Kephart AAC meeting Nov 16, 2009 8

  9. Cavities: 48 ordered, 22 from U.S. industry ARRA funds  another 40 from U.S. industry Cryomodules: Assembled 2 CM with CAF CM1 = Type III+ assembled from DESY kit of parts Designed/assembled a 3.9 GHz CM for DESY Parts in hand for cold mass of a 2nd type III+ CM Began dressing cavities this summer 4 nine cell cavities have He tanks welded for dressing Need 8 for CM2 and 2 for S1 Global CM at KEK ILC Type IV/Px CM design is complete and ordering parts SRF Materials: Program established (DOE praise + $ 500K) Single-cell program for U.S. cavity vendor development EP process development for ANL/FNAL joint system Improved diagnostics (thermometry, optical inspection) Understanding reasons for poor performers (weld pits) FY09 Accomplishments R Kephart AAC meeting Nov 16, 2009 9

  10. FY09 Accomplishments Industrialization ILC cavities built by U.S. vendors (AES, Roark/Niowave) Three AES cavities have made ILC gradient! Engaging U.S. industrial vendors in surface processing Several vendors producing cm parts ARRA funds are a huge boost Extensive network of SRF collaborations MOU’s with 18 institutions Benefitting enormously from collaborations with DESY, JLAB, KEK, Cornell, etc DOE reviews FNAL role in ILC ART (April 2009) SRF program (May 2009) Comments at both uniformly positive 5 recent U.S. 9-cell cavities (AES) 3 VTS tested >35 MV/M Plot from R Geng, Jlab R Kephart AAC meeting Nov 16, 2009 10

  11. Progress: Cavity Gradient and Yields Yield is an Issue for both ILC and Project X Still need R&D to improve this ICD-2 ILC ICD-1 Px ILC DESY + JLAB Data from “XFEL qualified vendors” R Kephart AAC meeting Nov 16, 2009 11

  12. New FNAL SRF infrastructure 1st Dressed Cavity Cavity tuning machine VTS HTS VTS String Assembly MP9 Clean Room 1st U.S. built ILC/PX Cryomodule Final Assembly R Kephart AAC meeting Nov 16, 2009

  13. RF Unit Test Facility at NML 72 M ~ 22 M Existing Building New ILC like tunnel ILC RF unit Diagnostics Gun 3rd har 2nd ILC RF unit CC I,II Bunch Compressor Laser Test Area New Enclosure Test Areas RF Equipment • Overall Plan: Test RF units: Px, ILC S1 & S2 goals • ILC: 3 CM, Klystron, Modulator, LLRF • Move A0 Injector to provide ILC like beam • New Tunnel Extension: design to allow 2nd RF unit, diagnostic beam lines, AARD facility • New Building: Cryoplant, Cryomodule Test Stands R Kephart AAC meeting Nov 16, 2009 13

  14. RF Unit Test Facility at NML R Kephart AAC meeting Nov 16, 2009 14

  15. Progress at NML CM Feed Can Large Vacuum Pump 1st Cryomodule installed Capture Cavity II @ NML Operated at 2K He Refrigerator Control Room R Kephart AAC meeting Nov 16, 2009 15

  16. New buildings and Refrigerator (ARRA) R Kephart AAC meeting Nov 16, 2009 16

  17. Implications of CW Linac Project X physics studies of a rare decay program motivate investigation of a 2 MW CW linac in the energy range 2.5-2.7 GeV Might be married either to a Rapid Cycling Synchrotron or a pulsed linac to meet the LBNE requirement (ICD-2) Various staging options are under consideration. Might build this first! (Recent Kovar Px briefing) If ICD-2 is adopted for Project X then additional SRF infrastructure is required for R&D and construction Some because we had not included it in the past, some because it is a new requirement for a CW linac Available funding and staff may force some hard choices Redirect the pulsed HINS R&D effort to CW? Reduced R&D effort on a beta=1 pulsed linac for ILC? R Kephart AAC meeting Nov 16, 2009 17

  18. Project X: CW infrastructure Need CW capable HTS for 1.3 GHz nine cells ICD-2 plan is to operate ILC cavities CW at ~ 18 MV/M HTS is an ideal test platform Important to understand CW HOM heating by fundamental Important to demonstrate CW capable main RF couplers He supply pipe on cavities made to date is probably too small Estimated ICD-2 heat load/cavity ~ 30 W at 1.8 K  MDB refrigerator total capacity (60 W) is probably adequate but perhaps not with HINS loads operating at the same time Need to understand max heat load supportable by HTS plumbing in 1.8 K CW operation (may needmodifications) Need a new CW RF power source for existing HTS in MDB R Kephart AAC meeting Nov 16, 2009 18

  19. Project X: CW infrastructure Need CW capable test dewar for 325 MHz dressed spoke resonators SSR1, SSR2, TSR Current HINS test cryostat is designed for 4 K operation vs plan to operate spokes at 1.8 K in Project X, ICD-2 Estimated cost to modify cryostat for 1.8 K is about $ 40 K + .5 FTE-year Must also modify feed boxes, etc. (probably > $ 40 K, see Webber talk) Same question on MDB refrigeration capacity. CW RF power: Need Project X-like CW RF power sources at 325 MHz, and 1.3 GHz for test stands Will be needed for component development, LLRF testing, etc CW couplers: Need CW coupler test facility for both 1.3 and 325 MHz Current coupler test facility for 1.3 GHz XFEL couplers is at SLAC and is supported by ILC (Need additional CW RF sources) R Kephart AAC meeting Nov 16, 2009 19

  20. Project X: CW infrastructure Need infrastructure for assembly of spoke cryomodules.  Likely to be quite different from ILC/XFEL cryomodules Magnetic focusing and spoke cavities shapes very different If we adopt the ATLAS "hung from top plate" design assembly fixtures and techniques would be quite different from ILC (CAF) Do we need to be able to test completed cryomodules before installation in the machine? If yes, then need CW capable 1.3 GHz CM test stand at NML Plan is that Indian engineers will help FNAL engineers to modify the current XFEL cryomodule design before we fabricate it. ARRA supplied NML refrigerator will have capacity to test one full 1.3 GHz cryomodule on a test stand but ~nothing else can operate at NML at the same time (may be partial work-around’s to this) If yes, then need CW capable 325 MHz CM test stand at NML No Cryomodule design  no design or plan for test stand Alternative= no tests of CM except in Px linac… implications ? R Kephart AAC meeting Nov 16, 2009 20

  21. Project X: CW Questions Personnel: Laboratory staff is already stretched thin Difficult to find enough people for pulsed linac work CW will add additional tasks, so would RCS development Not clear how we as a laboratory manage to do all this Future of HINS? Difficult to support CW spoke and front end development while completing current pulsed HINS front end program If we choose RCS for 2.x  8 GeV ICD-2 would allow U.S. to build ILC-like cavities and CM and aid ILC industrialization But.. what is the future of the pulsed 1.3 GHz effort at FNAL? ILC funding alone cannot sustain pulsed linac effort If significant SRF funds are diverted to CW infrastructure, then need more funding or we have to drop something (e.g.  Do we finish NML as a pulsed facility ?) How all this ultimately effects the U.S. ILC effort is unclear R Kephart AAC meeting Nov 16, 2009 21

  22. Conclusions There is lots of technical progress 3.9 GHz CM has been delivered and is a success Lots of SRF infrastructure for now in operation Lots more under construction SRF components in production (cavities, cryomodules, RF power) ILC R&D Priority reaffirmed by HEPAP/P5 ..but ILC questioned because of large cost (Brinkman@HEPAP) FNAL ILC focus is on SRF But also a key player in the global effort (CFS, GDE office, etc) Project X dependent on continued funding of ILC SRF activities R Kephart AAC meeting Nov 16, 2009

  23. Conclusions (2) Integrated 5 yr plan for ILC/SRF/Px R&D & infra exists Reviewed by DOE in May 09 Infrastructure & development of b =1 cavities and CM for ILC and Px Assumed Px (ICD-1) was a pulsed linac Goal of the plan was to prepare FNAL for building one b =1 ILC-like CM/ month for Project X by FY15 or ILC participation in 2018 Significant changes needed if we are to support CW linac R&D Working on a complete plan for b < 1 infrastructure for Px and … A new plan for CW infrastructure needed if we adopt a CW linac Lots of questions, working on answers, your advice is most welcome R Kephart AAC meeting Nov 16, 2009

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