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A System Operator’s Resilience Wish List

A System Operator’s Resilience Wish List. Tom Bowe Executive Director Reliability and Compliance PJM Interconnection Tom.Bowe@pjm.com. System Operations in 90 Seconds Who is PJM? How has Severe Weather Impacted System Operations? The Wish List.

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A System Operator’s Resilience Wish List

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  1. A System Operator’s Resilience Wish List Tom Bowe Executive Director Reliability and Compliance PJM Interconnection Tom.Bowe@pjm.com

  2. System Operations in 90 Seconds • Who is PJM? • How has Severe Weather Impacted System Operations? • The Wish List

  3. Grid OperationsFundamental Principle - BALANCE Load to Gen Trans Limits BALANCE Load = (Internal Generation and Net Interchange) = Transmission Lines = Within Limits

  4. www.pjm.com Summer Load Curve

  5. www.pjm.com PJM as Part of the Eastern Interconnection • 27% of generation in Eastern Interconnection • 28% of load in Eastern Interconnection • 20% of transmission assets in Eastern Interconnection KEY STATISTICS PJM member companies 900+millions of people served 61 peak load in megawatts 165,492MWs of generating capacity 183,604miles of transmission lines 62,5562013 GWh of annual energy 791,089 generation sources 1,376square miles of territory 243,417area served 13 states + DCexternally facing tie lines 191 Eastern Interconnection Largest Synchronized Machine As of 4/1/2014

  6. www.pjm.com The Distribution of Power

  7. www.pjm.com PJM Backbone Transmission

  8. The Grid vs. Nature

  9. Derecho Path

  10. Sandy’s Path

  11. 10/29/12 (initial 12-24hrs) - Outage Map

  12. January 2014 Low (& Wind Chill) vs Historic Temperatures Unseasonably Cold Weather in January All temperatures are in Fahrenheit and WC denotes Wind Chill

  13. Slide 6: PJM RTO Highest Historic Winter Demands

  14. Slide 2: January 7 – Peak Load vs. Typical Load

  15. 2014 Morning Peak Outaged ICAP%

  16. Detailed Outage Causes

  17. January 2014 Total Balancing Operating Reserve Credits January 2014

  18. Resilience Definition

  19. Strategic direction, coordinated action Electricity Critical Infrastructure NERC and Industry Actions

  20. Some “Wishes” Linked to Identified Priorities • The Caveat • One individual’s take on a wish list • The Theme • Look for solutions with the broadest applicability

  21. Priority 1 – Manage the Risk • Risk Management • A process that examines and evaluates policies, plans, and actions for reducing the impact of a hazard or hazards on people, property and the environment. • Managing expectations – Potential New Normal • Resilience for All Hazards • Drill/Train for Creativity in Crisis

  22. Priority 2 – Cost Effective Strengthening • Identify the greatest Interdependencies of the Critical Infrastructures • Communications • Fuel Delivery • Develop & Implement the solutions which strengthen these points for the greatest operational ROI

  23. Priority 3: Increase System Flexibility and Robustness • Additional transmission lines increase power flow capacity • How do you Justify? To a Commission? To a Community? • Reliability Criteria but what of Resilience Criteria? • Micro Grids • Fully understanding the impact of not being interconnected • Decision Criteria Developed & People Drilled • Market Solutions and Coordination

  24. Priority 4: Increase Visualization and Situational Awareness • SMART Meters and outage notification capability coupled with automated feeder switching, • Synchrophasor technology • Ensure Reality = Reputation • Reduce State Estimation • Parallel Data Inputs & Solutions

  25. Priority 5: Deploy Advanced Control Capabilities • blackouts illustrate that real-time monitoring tools were inadequate to alert operators to rapidly changing system conditions and contingencies • Providing operators with new tools that enhance visibility and control of transmission and generation facilities could help them manage the range of uncertainty caused by variable clean electricity generation and smart load, thus enhancing the understanding of grid operations • Solutions to Harden Model Stability – with imperfect and incomplete data

  26. Priority 6: Availability of Critical Components and Software Systems • Transformers Study Spare • Adaptability through Standards • Best Locations & Storage Options

  27. A System Operator’s Resilience “Wishes” - Summary 1. Work to develop repeatable Resilience ROI quantification methodologies. VALUE = X 2. Integrate Resilience Solutions to address - All Hazards frameworks (Weather to Terrorists) for far greater ROI. VALUE = 2X 3. Coordinate Resilience Solutions across the highly interdependent critical infrastructures VALUE = 2X Squared?

  28. A System Operator’s Resilience Wish List Tom Bowe Executive Director Reliability and Compliance PJM Interconnection Tom.Bowe@pjm.com

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