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Test Results on Sealing in Options A & E

Detailed study on various assembly processes, materials, and results of sealing options for photo-detector mechanical configurations. Joining methods, glass-to-metal techniques, and future work discussed.

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Test Results on Sealing in Options A & E

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  1. Test Results on Sealing in Options A & E Dean Walters Argonne National Laboratory Michael Minot MinoTech Engineering Inc.

  2. Joining and Assembly • Design Configurations • Assembly Process • Materials • Joining methods • Results on Joining • Status of joining • Future Work

  3. Mechanical Configurations of the Photo-detector • Option A • Borosilicate tray • Borosilicate window • Glass to glass seal • Base anode pins • Option B • Borosilicate tray • Quartz window • Pre-fab Kovar edge parts • Kovar to Kovar seal • Base anode pins • Option C • Kovar tray • Quartz or glass window • Pre-fab Kovar edge seal • Side pins in glass ‘header’ • Option D • Ceramic tray • Option E • Borosilicate base plate • Borosilicate side walls • Borosilicate window • Pass-thru anode strip lines • Frit sealing base plate to side walls

  4. Design configurations • Option A From R. Northrop

  5. Design configurations • Option C • Kovar tray • Quartz or glass window • Pre-fab Kovar edge seal • Side pins in glass ‘header’ From R. Northrop

  6. Design Configurations • Option E From R. Northrop

  7. Design Configurations • Option E From R. Northrop

  8. Proposed Assembly Process • Option A

  9. Proposed Assembly Process • Option E

  10. Materials • Glass

  11. Materials • Borosilicate – Borofloat 33 From Schott Literature

  12. Materials • Kovar

  13. Materials • Alumina

  14. Joining Methods • Glass to glass joints • Frit glass joints • Laser sealing • Soldering • Anodic Bonding • Glass to metal joints • Anodic Bonding • Soldering • Powdered Glass • Metal to metal joints • Brazing • Soldering • Welding • Electron beam welding • Laser welding • TIG welding

  15. Joining Methods • First Trials on Lime Frit on Soda Glass From R. Northrop

  16. Joining Methods • Glass Frit Sealing • Used for Glass to Glass seals • Large variety of commercial frits • Ability to modify to fit various applications • Example of frit in Results Section • Anodic Bonding • Voltage/Temperature • Temperature lower than glass softening temperature by 200 C or less • Kovar to Glass Seals • Glass to Glass Seals From G. Wallis JAP 1969

  17. Laser Joining & Welding • CO2 Laser • Vendor: Iowa Laser • Nuclear Engineering Building 308 The 1.6 kW pulsed Nd:YAG laser Facility also contains CO2 Laser

  18. Joining Methods • Soldering • UC-Davis Method • D. Ferenc Talk July 2009 • ANL • 50/50 Indium Tin alloy MP= 130 C

  19. Joining Methods • E Beam Welding • Central Shops Building 363

  20. Joining Methods • TIG Welding • APS Vacuum Shop • Building 382

  21. Joining Methods • Hydrogen and Vacuum Brazing • Central Shops Building 363

  22. Results • First Trials on Lime Frit on Soda Glass Set up Conditions: Fused at 1500 F for 5 minutes Trial on 31 August 2009 by M. Minot Sample parts are 1.5” on long edge & .25” thick The bubbles shown here are a result of the outgassing of the frit components. It is concluded that with a better Frit glass combination will mitigate the situation In spite of lack of match between the frit & glass the parts are well adhered to each other.

  23. Results on Joining #1 (left) and #3 (on the right) using Vitta Frit G-1017 Glass Transfer Tape (Frit with Adhesive) This Frit is specifically designed for sealing and joining Pyrex parts, hence my application to BoroFloat (same CTE, near identical / equivalent composition). In Trials #1, the frit tape was sandwiched between two pieces of Borofloat and fired, without providing an opportunity to burn off adhesive, hence the dark (carbon) color. Trial #2 was to evaluate firing cycles to burn of adhesive. Trial #3 shows the sandwich assembled after first burning off adhesive. Good bond was achieved. Green opaque color is result of the composition of G-1017 which includes Pb-Zn-Borosilicate glass. I think the green color is from Zinc Oxides. Trial by M. Minot of MinoTech Engr

  24. Status of joining • The G1017 samples are going to be sectioned to determine if there is evidence of bubbles in the joint. • Glass will be obtained to be used as samples in testing at Minotech and ANL • Materials are on order for frit trials using d410 frit from Asahi Glass (AGC) with Schott B270 glass coupons. This frit is proven hermetic based on prior application to plasma display technology. Future Work • M. Minot is working on obtaining a number of candidate frits for testing in the MinoTech Engineering lab. • All future trials will also include application over metallized anode strip lines to demonstrate ability to make conductive pass through. • Full scale trials will also be done using extensive Incom furnace capability • An agreement is being established with Brigitflex of Elgin, Illinois to use their furnace for frit trials by ANL personnel. • Schott Glass has become interested in this project and they have considerable experience in glass product manufacturing and processing.

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