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Ancient Egypt. Egyptian Geography. Nile: Flows northward. Floods on July. Recedes in October. Egypt as the “gift of the Nile.”. Political Development. 5000 BCE: Early Egyptians live in farming villages in Lower Egypt. 3100 BCE: Menes unites all of Egypt.
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Egyptian Geography • Nile: • Flows northward. • Floods on July. • Recedes in October. • Egypt as the “gift of the Nile.”
Political Development • 5000 BCE: Early Egyptians live in farming villages in Lower Egypt. • 3100 BCE: Menes unites all of Egypt. • Establishes the capital of Memphis. • 2660 BCE - 2180 BCE: Old Kingdom begins.
Political Development • 2180 BCE: End of Old Kingdom • 2080 - 1640 BCE: Middle Kingdom: • Pharaohs restore order. • 1640 - 1570 BCE: Egypt falls to the Hyksos.
Political Development • 1570-1090 BCE: New Kingdom. • Hatshepsut • Amenhotep • Tutankhamen • Unprecedented wealth and power.
Economic Development • Old Kingdom: • Slavery and Plantations. • Agriculture. • Middle Kingdom: • Trade with other nations. • Canal from the Nile to the Red Sea. • New Kingdom: • Expanded traded. • Wealth
Technology • Writing: • Hieroglyphics: • Picture stands for an idea. • Papyrus: • Reeds from the Nile. • Numbers. • Math. • Columns. • Calendar • Medicine
Cultural DevelopmentEgypt • Hieroglyphics • Papyrus • Numbers. • Math. • Columns. • Calendar • Medicine • Pyramids • Religion: • Polytheistic. • Pharaohs as gods. • Pyramids. • Social Pyramid: • Royal family -> wealthy landowners, government officials, priests, and army commanders -> merchants and artisans -> laborers and farmers -> slaves.