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PSY 270 COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY. Week 10 Day 1. Outline. APA format presented Prevention and Promotion. APA Format General. 1” margins 12 point font Header upper right with page number Headings REFERENCES In alphabetical order Particular prescribed format. APA Format Example.
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PSY 270COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY Week 10 Day 1
Outline • APA format presented • Prevention and Promotion
APA Format General • 1” margins • 12 point font • Header upper right with page number • Headings • REFERENCES • In alphabetical order • Particular prescribed format
APA Format Example • Examples of citations within your text • Education can be seen as a potent ingredient in promoting community change (Amante & Henry, 2000). • There are four means of empowering children within schools (Dingle & Kringle, 1997) • Booker and her colleagues (1999) have found substantial relationships between poverty and feelings of helplessness and trauma.
APA Format Example • Examples of how things are cited in your reference list • For a JOURNAL ARTICLE-- • Amante, T., & Henry, J. P. (2000). The effect of education on community involvement. American Journal of Community Psychology, 49, 412-419. • For a BOOK-- • Booker, T. J. (1999). Living in Fear and Agony. San Francisco, CA: Brookes and Cole Publishing. • For a CHAPTER IN AN EDITED BOOK-- • Dingle, A., & Kringle, C. (1997). Empowering children in schools. In J. Jones (Ed.), Building a better future. Nashville, TN: Rookie Press.
Prevention and Promotion • Prevention of disorders • Focus on altering trajectories (risk) • Selected & indicated interventions (IOM) • Promotion of wellness/competence • Not well even in absence of disorder • Universal interventions (IOM) • Not mutually exclusive viewpoints
Prevention Types (Caplan,1964) • Primary Prevention • Applied to an entire population to keep a problem from happening • No attempt to identify at-risk individuals, very few examples in social sciences. • Fluoride in drinking water, public service announcements, infant care classes given to all new mothers in a community • Secondary Prevention • Like primary prevention, is intended to keep a problem from happening • The difference is that only certain people or sub-groups who are believed to be “at risk” are given the prevention • Headstart, after-school program for kids with problems in school • Tertiary Prevention (or intervention) • Aimed at improving symptoms, improving functioning, improving quality of life, or preventing recurrence of a problem in people who have already developed the problem • Defensive driving courses for people who’ve already gotten tickets, parenting classes for parents reported for child abuse
IOM Report/Types of Prevention • 1994 report influencing field • Universal-good for all (primary) • Selective-good for folks above average risk for development • Indicated-good for folks with early signs/symptoms
IOM perspective terms • Risk • Protection • Resilience • Strengths • Thriving