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Lifestyle/Chronic Diseases ( Non-Communicable)

Lifestyle/Chronic Diseases ( Non-Communicable). Unit 8 In The Book Page 514. Lifestyle/Chronic Diseases. - diseases caused by lifestyle choices, genetics, and/or environment and not communicable. Factors That Have An Influence. Cardiovascular Diseases (diseases of the CV system) p.515.

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Lifestyle/Chronic Diseases ( Non-Communicable)

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  1. Lifestyle/ChronicDiseases ( Non-Communicable) Unit 8 In The Book Page 514

  2. Lifestyle/Chronic Diseases - diseases caused by lifestyle choices, genetics, and/or environment and not communicable.

  3. Factors That Have An Influence

  4. Cardiovascular Diseases(diseases of the CV system)p.515 Heart Diseases- any disease of the heart muscle or other working parts of the heart. Coronary Heart Disease- A disease in which the coronary arteries are narrowed or blocked. Coronary Artery- is a blood vessel that carries blood to the heart muscles. Plaque- hardened deposits of fat.

  5. Factors which could lead to CVD -gender, heredity, smoking, hypertension, high cholesterol, poor diet, diabetes, obesity, lack of exercise & stress.

  6. Leading Causes of Death

  7. Types of Diabetes523 Insulin- Glucose-

  8. Heart Attack(Myocardial Infarction) P. 517 • Death of heart muscle (no O2)

  9. Blood Vessels p.210 • Arteries- carry blood away from the heart, largest blood vessels with thick muscular walls. • Veins- carry blood towards the heart. • Capillaries- connect arteries to veins.

  10. Blood Vessel Problems Thrombus- a stationary clot in the blood. Embolus- a traveling blood clot. Aneurysm- the ballooning out of an artery at a point where it has become weak. Hemorrhage- the breaking of an artery wall at a point where it has grown weak.

  11. Atherosclerosisp.516 - a disease in which plaque collects on artery walls. Arteriosclerosis- tends to occur naturally as people age.

  12. Other Types of Heart Diseasep.515 Congenital- “born with” Murmur- a heart sound that reflects damaged or abnormal heart valves. Pacemaker- a device that is implanted in the heart to stimulate normal heart contractions.

  13. Rheumatic Fever- occurs chiefly in children and teens and includes inflammation of the heart valves.

  14. Blood Pressurep.519 Hypertension- high blood pressure, “silent Killer”. Hereditary • systolic- contraction ( good BP) • diastolic- relaxation 140/90 ( High BP) Prehypertension- Stage I- Stage II- Sphygmomanometer- used to measure BP

  15. High Cholesterol • Below 200 milligrams per deciliter is desirable (total) Two types 1. High Density Lipoproteins (HDL) 2. Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL)

  16. LDL • Bad • Builds up on artery walls (atherosclerosis) • LDL levels should be below 130 mg/dl • Raises by consuming Sat. Fat

  17. HDL • Good • Takes fat out of blood • HDL levels should be above 45 mg/dl • Raises w/exercise and fruits, veg & whole grains

  18. Stroke(Brain Attack)P. 516 • a condition caused by a blocked or broken blood vessel in the brain, basically shutting off all blood flow to the brain. Causes: Thrombus, Embolus, Hemorrhage, Aneurysm, compression from a tumor.

  19. Symptoms of a Stroke • Sudden weakness, numbness, tingling • Loss of speech • Dizziness, unsteadiness • Dimness, loss of vision • Paralysis • Disability or death In a major stroke, part of the brain will die causing mental & physical damage & loss of functioning.

  20. Diagnosis & TreatmentP. 520 Electro-Cardiogram- Cardiac Catheterization- Stress Test- Echocardiogram- Nuclear Stress Test- Angioplasty- Stent-

  21. CancerP. 531 -An uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells which spreads into surrounding tissue and other body parts.

  22. Tumor P.531 Tumor- an abnormal mass of tissue that can live and reproduce itself, but performs no service to the body. Benign- non-cancerous, as does not spread to other parts of the body. Malignant- is a cancerous tumor, that may spread to other parts of the body.

  23. Stages P.531 Metastasis- is the spread of cancer. “In Situ”- cancer not spreading, in its original location.

  24. How Cancer Develops • Exposure to Carcinogen or initiator • Initiator enters cell • Cells’ genetic material changes • Promoter may be present • Multiplication of cells • Tumors develop • Malignant tumor grows & spreads to surrounding tissue • Metastasis occurs

  25. Warning signs of Cancerp.534 C A U T I O N

  26. Common CancersP.532 & 533 (Table 49.1) Male- lung, prostate, colon-rectum Female- lung, breast, colon-rectum, uterus Initiators (Causes): 1.Heredity(lung,colon,rectal,breast,uterine) 2.Carcinogens 3.Radiation 4.Viruses 5.Lack of Exercise or Poor Diet

  27. Reducing Your Risk of CancerP.534 & 535

  28. Treatment ApproachesP. 536 • Surgery • Radiation Therapy • Chemotherapy • Immunotherapy

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