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Industrialization

Industrialization. Building Modern America 1865-1901. Industry. Natural Resources Timber, iron, copper, coal, oil No dependence on foreign resources Keeps jobs in US Large Workforce Immigration Larger Families (better living conditions support bigger families). Industry.

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Industrialization

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  1. Industrialization Building Modern America 1865-1901

  2. Industry • Natural Resources • Timber, iron, copper, coal, oil • No dependence on foreign resources • Keeps jobs in US • Large Workforce • Immigration • Larger Families (better living conditions support bigger families)

  3. Industry • New Inventions/Technology • Telephone=better communications • Light bulb=cheap lighting, easier • Automatic Loom=Made cloth faster • Free Enterprise • “Laissez-faire” policies: “Let people do as they choose,” or hands-off economic policies • Few restrictions and interference from government • Allowed industries to grow

  4. Railroads • Settlement in the Plains and the West • Brought settlers and goods West • Transported goods, ideas, and people between East and West faster and cheaper • Impact on Native Americans • Brought disease (small pox or “white scabs disease”) • Affected buffalo migration patterns • Depleted food sources • Violence against Natives protecting their lands • Alcohol • Forced Natives from their homelands

  5. Railroads • Financing • Land Grants • Private Investment • Gifts of Public Land • Money generated from running railroads • Boosting Industry in the US • Increased markets by expanding West • Increased money spent on resources • Bribery • Government helped fund RR, officials made money • Investors wanted more land grants from government

  6. Big Business • Control of Big Business • Monopoly- Single company controls an entire market (no option but to use that company) • Trusts- Legal arrangement that allows one person to manage another person’s property • Eliminating Competition • Pools (kept prices at certain levels) • Trusts (controlling property of someone else) • Monopolies (control of entire market) • Vertical and Horizontal Integration (owning and controlling all aspects of a business)

  7. Big Business • Expanding Business • Want to control all aspects of their businesses • Keep costs low and profits high • Want to eliminate competition • Impact on Local Businesses and Communities • Forces small businesses to either shut down or sell out to larger businesses • Creates job for community • Changes the fabric of the community by eliminating local business

  8. Unions • Goals of Unions • Unite workers from different industries/companies • Only tool available to create change when others failed • Want to improve: • Working Conditions • Wages • Job Security • Tensions between workers and employers caused by deflation

  9. Unions • Unsuccessful Strikes • Confrontations led to violence • Courts ruled against unions • Frequent strikes (stops production) • Unfocused goals (too many demands at once) • Blacklisting • Opposition to immigrants • Many union members were immigrants • Unions associated with violence/fear of anarchy and revolution • Thought un-American because of Marxism (class struggle between workers and owners, popular in Europe)

  10. Unions • Women • Paid less than men (assumption of male financial support) • Domestic Work (given “women’s work,” which paid less) • Excluded from unions- women thought to have no voice (assumed fathers and husbands would express women’s concerns)

  11. Impact of Industrialization on American Lifestyle • Urbanization- people moving to cities • Immigration – people coming to work from other countries • Increased standard of living/better living conditions • Advanced technology • US becomes more powerful world power • Cheaper goods • Faster transportation

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