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Evolutionary Origins of Stigmatization: The Functions of Social Exclusion. Robert Kurzban and Mark Leary Lauren Frazier, Jessica Williams, Chris Kelleher. Functions of Stigmatization. Dyadic Cooperation Coalitional Exploitation Parasitic Avoidance. Dyadic Cooperation.
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Evolutionary Origins of Stigmatization: The Functions of Social Exclusion Robert Kurzban and Mark Leary Lauren Frazier, Jessica Williams, Chris Kelleher
Functions of Stigmatization • Dyadic Cooperation • Coalitional Exploitation • Parasitic Avoidance
Dyadic Cooperation • Mechanism designed to avoid individuals who are poor partners for social exchange. • Examples of those who are of low social value: homeless, mentally ill, criminals. • This stigma evokes anger and a need to punish.
Coalitional Exploitation • Mechanism designed to exclude members from reaping the benefits of membership from one’s own group. • Examples of this type of stigmatization: ethnocentrism, in-group bias, out-group exploitation. • Emotions evoked: fear and hate.
Parasitic Avoidance • Mechanism designed to prevent prolonged contact with those who carry transmittable pathogens/diseases. • Emotions evoked: disgust and revulsion, causes the individual to avoid the potential contagion.
Mean Girls Video • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gZ_qXmxdgGM • Demonstrates Coalitional Exploitation model of stigmatization. • “Plastics” (in-group) are at the top of the social hierarchy, and all the other groups “Jocks”, “Cool Asians”, “Nerds” (out-group) are the bottom of the hierarchy.
Discussion • Social Viscosity: do you live in the same state you were born in? The same city? • Can we live in a world with no stigmas? An egalitarian society?