OpenSees Capabilities & Integration with NEES

1. NEES Annual Meeting – June 2008 OpenSees Capabilities&Integration with NEES Silvia Mazzoni, Frank McKenna, Gregory L. Fenves University of California, Berkeley

2. Introduction OpenSees & NEES goals: • Large-Scale Structural and Geotechnical Simulations • Community support and development • open-source software architecture • NEES-researcher contributing to OpenSees model/solution library • Education and training of academics and industry in: • Structural and geotechnical mechanics and modeling • Advanced computing and simulation • Cyberinfrastructure • Web portal • Upload simulation data to NEEScentral • High-performance computing • Databases • Visualization tools • IT integration

3. Numerical-Simulation Update Released in April 2008: • OpenSees 2.0 • Standalone single-processor executable • OpenSeesSP • HPC Application for large models. • OpenSeesMP • HPC Application for both large models and Monte-Carlo type simulations • BuildingTcl • Library of Tcl procedure for building-frame simulation

4. Structural Modeling • UniaxialMaterial Contributions in 2007-2008: • SMA Material: superelastic shape-memory alloy material model • Davide Fugazza, Reginal DesRoches, Ferdinando Auricchio – Italy • SelfCentering Material – Flag-Shaped Hysteresis with Slip Deformation and Bearing • Jeff Erochko -- U. Toronto, Canada • Hyperbolic Gap Material • Matthew Dryden, Patrick Wilson -- UCB & UCSD • Concrete06 – represent concrete behavior in membrane elements • Leo Massone, Kutay Orakal, John Wallace – UChile BounTurkey UCLA • Concrete07 – Chang & Mander’s 1994 Concrete Model • Sri Sritharan, Jonathan Waugh -- Iowa State U • Element Contributions in 2007-2008 • Flexure-Shear Interaction Displacement-Based Beam-Column Element • Leo Massone, Kutay Orakal, John Wallace – UChile BounTurkey UCLA • Fiber Section for Interaction Model • Leo Massone, Kutay Orakal, John Wallace – UChile BounTurkey UCLA • zeroLengthContact Element • Gang Wang & Nicolas Sitar – Geometrix & UCB

5. Large-Scale Building-FrameNonlinear Time-History Analyses Tall-Building Initiative Colleen McQuoid, Jack P. Moehle, UC Berkeley • Building: • Reinforced concrete frame structure • 22 Stories above ground w/ 3 stories below • 2-D Model: • Includes 1 lateral frame and 2 gravity frames • Approx. 340 Nodes, 575 Elements • Nonlinear BeamColumns, Beams with Hinges, and Zero-Length Elements • Uniaxial and Fiber Sections • 57 pairs of ground motions X 4 scaling factors = 456 analyses • Approx. 260 recorders each recording up to 26 locations • 560 GB of results • Post-processing in Matlab to investigate correlation between building demand parameters and ground motion parameters • Use: OpenSeesMP – parallel version of OpenSees – on NEESit Teragrid Colleen McQuoid UC Berkeley

6. 0.6 2-Span Bridge Fundamental Period in the Transverse Direction 0.5 0.4 Period (sec) 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 Test Numerical Simulation of Bridge Model NEESR-SG Seismic Performance of Bridge Systems with Conventional and Innovative Materials PI: Professor Saiid Saiidi, University of Nevada, Renoco-PI: Professor Gregory L. Fenves, UC Berkeley Student performing numerical simulation: Matthew Dryden, UC Berkeley 4-Span Shaking Table Test at Univ. of Nevada, Reno (graphic provided by Robby Nelson) • Numerical simulation of laboratory-model response • Unique to OpenSees: perform an eigenvalue each shaking table test • Track the K degradation • Measure structural damage Matthew Dryden UC Berkeley

7. 2-Span Bridge-Model Comparison Global Response: Drift Ratio Local Response: Curvature Matthew Dryden UC Berkeley

8. Type of Geotechnical Problems that can be solved using OpenSees • Static Problems • Deformation analyses (1D, 2D, or 3D) • Consolidation problems • Soil-structure interaction problems • Shallow foundations (e.g. bearing capacity, deformation) • Pile foundations (e.g. vertical and lateral capacity) • Dynamic (earthquake problems) • Free-field analysis • Liquefaction-induced problems • Soil structure interaction problems (e.g. response of pile foundations, bridge bents, or complete structures embedded in soils to earthquake excitations) Key Contributors to Geotechnical modeling • UC Davis: B. Jeremic • Computational Geomechanics • Free-field vs. SSI • UC San Diego: A. Elgamal • Large-Scale Simulations Pedro Arduino University of Washington, 2007

9. UCD: Computational Geomechanics Research UCD numerical simulation platform is based on: • Uses OpenSees framework • UCD Computational Geomechanics libraries: • nDarray (tensor, matrix and vector manipulations) • FEMtools (dry and saturated elements (u–p–U, u–p) • Template3DEP (elastic–plastic algorithms and material models, Dafalias Manzari for example... ) • I Plastic–Domain–Decomposition (PDD, for parallel computing) • Domain Reduction Method (DRM, for seismic input) • Equation solvers (PETSc (LBL), UMFpack (UF), ColSol (UCD)) • Graph partitioner ParMETIS (UMN) Boris Jeremic UC Davis, 2008

10. Example Application: 3D Liquefaction Simulation of Bridge Pier–Pile in Sloping Liquefied Soils Boris Jeremic UC Davis, 2008

11. Humboldt Bay Middle Channel Bridge PEER Testbed: Nonlinear Soil-Foundation-Structure InteractionTransverse and Longitudinal Response UCSD: A. Elgamal, J. Conte, Z. Yang, L. Yan Kent-Scott-Park model Bilinear Ahmed Elgamal UC San Diego, 2008

12. OpenSees Petascale Computing and Visualization • 30,237 nodes • 1,140/280 linear/nonlinear BC elements • 81 linear shell elements • 23,556 solid brick elements • 1,806 zero-length elements Ahmed Elgamal UC San Diego, 2008

13. OpenSeesPL: 3D Soil Island and Pile/Pile-group user-Interface http://cyclic.ucsd.edu/openseespl/ • A 3D seismic analysis tool for single pile in a half-space Pile definition Soil strata definition Pushover option Pile Input motion definition Soil strata Mesh viewer Model builder Ahmed Elgamal UC San Diego, 2008

14. High-Performance Computing Frank McKenna, UC Berkeley • Two OpenSees interpreters: • OpenSeesSP: • Large models. • OpenSeesMP: • Large models • Monte-Carlo type simulations. • Parallel applications run on: • Windows multicore machine or windows cluster • Mac multicore machine or mac cluster • Teragrid machine • Training workshop held in April 2008 • 47 participants, of which 16 NEES-affiliated & 10 industry-affiliated

15. Example Usage OpenSeesMP:Steel Building Parameter Study 7200 ground-motion records • Single Processor: 2 min/record = 240 hrs/7200 records (10 days) • 2000 Processors on teragrid: ~3.6 min/record = <15 minutes/7200 records Farzin Zareian UCIrvine, 2008

16. OpenSees & NEESit Integration SDSC Teragrid & Co. NEEScentral SimPortal NEESforge RDV

17. SimPortal T. Haupt, A. Kalyanasundaram, I. Zhuk Mississippi State University T. Haupt Mississippi State University

18. OpenSees SimPortal • Model: • Edit • Check • Visualize • Submit • Monitor • Results T. Haupt Mississippi State University

19. & Silvia Mazzoni, UC Berkeley • BuildingTcl and BuildingTclViewer provide a library of Tcl procedures that can be used within OpenSees to: • Build a simulation-model library for building frames • Visualize models • Run simulations interactively • View results interactively

20. BuildingTclViewer: Results -- Static PushoverRC Frame

21. BuildingTclViewer: Results – Dynamic Time HistoryRC Frame

22. BuildingTclViewer: Results DiagramsRC Frame Curvature Shear Force Axial Force Axial Strain

23. BuildingTclViewer: Dynamic-Analysis DiagramsSteel Frame Curvature Shear Force Axial Force Axial Strain

24. OpenSees Days 2008 • September 8-9, 2008 @ UCB-Richmond Field Station • 2 Days: • Annual User Workshop • Revised to be more hands-on & Interactive • WebCast, possibly • Modeling Workshop • Building Modeling • Bridge Modeling • Geotechnical Modeling 8 Monday, September 8, 2008 Tuesday, September 9, 2008