European donor support for agricultural development in Sub-Saharan Africa: a review

1. Financing agriculture and Rural Development in ACP countries Briefing 20 Brussels Rural Development Briefings at the European Commission, Brussels September 15, 2010 European donor support for agricultural development in Sub-Saharan Africa: a review Professor Sir Gordon Conway, Imperial College

2. The decline in global DAC agricultural aid Donor spending on agriculture Overseas Development Aid (ODA) World Bank lending 1980s 17% 30% mid 2000s 4% 7%

3. Europe’s Recent Good Track Record • Key role in getting agricultural development back on the political agenda, notably the Kampala conference of 2004 • Support for a shift from food aid to food security in the 1990s (including the move to regional and local purchases, 1996) • Individual country commitments, e.g. the Irish Hunger Task Force 2008

4. The Ongoing Food Price Spikes AUG FIGURES TO ADD

5. European Responses • Food Security Thematic Programme (FSTP) created in 2007 to address food security at global, continental and regional levels. • total financial allocation from 2007-2010 €925 million • second phase for 2011 -13 being programmed an indicative budget of €750 million. • December 2008, the EC launched a three year €1billion Food Facility bridge the gap between emergency aid and medium to long-term development aid in 50 countries

6. European Union & Member States • EU over 60% of the world’s ODA. • About $ 1.75 million • 50% going to SSA. • France and the EC each contributed more support than the US in 2007. • Some small European countries, e.g Denmark, contribute greater amounts as a percentage of their GDP.

8. Aid to Agriculture in SSA as Share of Total DAC Aid % by Donor Country (2007) Hearn, Koc, Piesse and Thirtle, 2010

9. Sector Allocations EU France UK

10. Contributions to the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR)TO FIND PIE CHART

11. Allocations by Recipient

12. Top Ten Recipients of French Aid to SSA Agriculture

13. Top Ten Recipients of UK Aid to SSA Agriculture

14. Top Ten Recipients of US Aid to SSA Agriculture

15. Europe in a strong position to have more impact : • EU - largest agricultural development donor in Africa. • Europe - extensive and long established knowledge and experience of agricultural development. • Europe - home to the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) and its reform process; has political experience of negotiating a regional approach to agriculture. • EU- largest agricultural commodities trade partner with Africa

16. Mutual Benefits • Agricultural development contributes to trade in which both Europe and Africa benefit. • European public committed, despite the current financial crisis, to helping Africa reduce poverty and hunger. • Agriculture is the largest source of gainful employment that can contribute to the reduction of illegal immigration  • European security depends on global security, including a world free of starvation.

17. Where are we now? High rhetoric and funding A Gap in Between On the Ground achievements

18. In Between • Global Coordination • Global Partnership for Agriculture and Food Security • Committee on Global Food Security (CFS)(GPAFS) • Donor Fund Programmes • World Bank Global Agriculture and Food Security Program • US Feed the Future • EC Development Fund and Global Agriculture and Food Security Thematic Programme • African Implementing Programmes • Comprehensive African Agricultural development Programme (CAADP) • Alliance for a Green Revolution for Africa (AGRA) • African Countries’ Policies and Budgets • A Theory of Change • Scaling Up

19. An On-Line Tool • An initial attempt to map the activities and political commitments of thirteen European donors to agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa. • Hearn,B., Koc, V., Piesse, J. & Thirtle, C (2010) A preliminary analysis of European assistance to agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa. • http://www3.imperial.ac.uk/africanagriculturaldevelopment/resources/europeanactivity/donorfinancial/aiddataanalysis