BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA

1. Chapter 4 BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA

2. Chapter 4: BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA CHAPTER OVERVIEW • Describe the various types of hardware used to perform backups. • Understand the difference between full, incremental, and differential backup jobs. • List the capabilities of the Windows Server 2003 Backup program. • Back up and restore an Active Directory database. • Use volume shadow copies.

3. Chapter 4: BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA BACKING UP DATA • Why do we back up data? • Why do we need to back up data?

4. Chapter 4: BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA BACKUP SOLUTION • One or more backup drives • A backup software product • Data to be backed up

5. Chapter 4: BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA BACKUP HARDWARE • Capacity • Speed • Cost

6. Chapter 4: BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA CD-ROM AND DVD-ROM • CD • Inexpensive, widely supported • Capacity up to 650 MB • DVD • Becoming less expensive • Less support than for CDs • Capacity can be over 4 GB

7. Chapter 4: BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA CARTRIDGE DRIVES • Proprietary technology • Zip (Up to 750-MB capacity) • Jaz (2-GB capacity)

8. Chapter 4: BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA MAGNETIC TAPE DRIVES • Use single or double spool magnetic cartridges • Low cost per megabyte • Large capacity

9. Chapter 4: BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA AUTOCHANGERS • Reduce the need for manual intervention in backups • Allow you to back up more data • Preserves investment in media

10. Chapter 4: BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA SELECTING A DRIVE INTERFACE • IDE • Inexpensive • Performance degrades drastically when using more than one device per channel • SCSI • Faster than IDE, more suited to writing continuous streams of data • Might require additional host bus adapter (controller)

11. Chapter 4: BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA BACKUP SOFTWARE • Windows Server 2003 Backup • Third-party software (Veritas Backup Exec, BrightStor ARCserve Backup)

12. Chapter 4: BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA TARGET SELECTION • Anything that is to be backed up is considered a backup target, including: • Single file or folder • Entire drive • Entire system • Another system on the network

13. Chapter 4: BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA USING TREE SELECTION

14. Chapter 4: BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA USING FILTERS • Filter on file creation date/time, size, or type • Allows you to perform customized backups • Can reduce the time needed to back up and the amount of media required

15. Chapter 4: BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA BACKUP JOB TYPES: NORMAL • Backs up all files • Clears the archive bit • Can require large data storage capacity

16. Chapter 4: BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA BACKUP JOB TYPES: INCREMENTAL • Backs up only files that have been modified or created since the last full or incremental backup • Clears the archive bit • Can require considerably less storage space than a normal backup

17. Chapter 4: BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA BACKUP JOB TYPES: DIFFERENTIAL • Backs up only files that have been modified or created since the last full or incremental backup • Does not clear the archive bit • Can require considerably less storage space than a normal backup

18. Chapter 4: BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA COPY JOBS AND DAILY JOBS • Copy job • Backs up all files irrespective of archive bit status • Does not change archive bit status • Daily job • Backs up files based on today's date • Does not change archive bit status

19. Chapter 4: BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA SPECIFYING A BACKUP JOB TYPE

20. Chapter 4: BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA JOB SCHEDULING • Allows backups to be performed during off-hours • Reduces potential for administrative error

21. Chapter 4: BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA MAINTAINING BACKUP LOGS Detailed • Includes name and size of every file backed up Summary • Errors, number of files backed up, amount of data backed up None • No logging, not even of error messages

22. Chapter 4: BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA CATALOGING • Allows backup software to keep track of what file is on what tape • Eliminates the need for administrators to remember detailed information about the contents of a tape • Can be stored on the system hosting the backup software or the tape

23. Chapter 4: BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA MEDIA ROTATION • Provides a method to retain backups for a given period • Prevents overuse of media Common rotation methods include: • Grandfather-Father-Son • Tower of Hanoi

24. Chapter 4: BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA DEVICE CONFIGURATION Tape formatting • Prepares a new or used tape for data storage Tape erasing • Removes all data from the tape Tape retensioning • Mechanism to ensure that a tape has the proper tension Compression • Data compression that can often double the amount of data written to a tape, with little or no performance impact

25. Chapter 4: BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA PERFORMING RESTORES • Complexity depends on backup cycle in use (full, incremental, differential). • Amount of time depends on volume of data to be restored. • Periodic restores should be performed to test integrity of backups.

26. Chapter 4: BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA RESTORING FULL BACKUPS • Easiest of all backup methods to restore • Restores latest full backup

27. Chapter 4: BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA RESTORING FULL AND INCREMENTAL BACKUPS • Restores the latest full backup • Restores incremental backups from oldest to most recent • Number of restore steps depends on the time since the last full backup

28. Chapter 4: BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA RESTORING FULL AND DIFFERENTIAL BACKUPS • Restores the latest full backup • Restores the latest differential backup • Only two restore steps are required

29. Chapter 4: BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA DISASTER RECOVERY

30. Chapter 4: BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA BACKUP SECURITY • Create specific user account for backups • Password-protect tapes • Store and transport tapes securely

31. Chapter 4: BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA USING WINDOWS SERVER 2003 BACKUP

32. Chapter 4: BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA VOLUME SHADOW COPY • Periodically saves copies of files • Can be used to restore previous versions of a file • Available only in Windows Server 2003 and Windows XP • Also used by Windows Server 2003 Backup to make copies of open files

33. Chapter 4: BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA ENABLING VOLUME SHADOW COPY

34. Chapter 4: BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA BACKING UP ACTIVE DIRECTORY

35. Chapter 4: BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA RESTORING ACTIVE DIRECTORY • Can only be performed through Directory Services Restore Mode Nonauthoritative restore • Used to rebuild a domain controller that has been damaged, using the latest Active Directory information from your other domain controllers Authoritative restore • Used when you want to recover Active Directory objects that have been accidentally deleted using a System State backup

36. Chapter 4: BACKING UP AND RESTORING DATA SUMMARY • A network backup solution consists of backup hardware, backup software, and a plan for using them. • Incremental and differential backup jobs use the archive bit to determine what files need to be backed up. • Network backup software enables you to back up data from computers anywhere on the network. • Volume shadow copy enables users to access copies of files they have accidentally deleted or damaged. • In Windows Server 2003 Backup, the System State object provides an easy way to back up Active Directory. • Active Directory can be restored only through Directory Services Restore Mode.