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The most precious time —15 seconds before arrival of severe shaking

The most precious time —15 seconds before arrival of severe shaking. Yan Wenli A9SJ2002. Outline. Sudden Earthquake any time… Earthquake early warning system What to do in 15 seconds before earthquake: Mechanical reaction (transportation, manufactory, elevator)

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The most precious time —15 seconds before arrival of severe shaking

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  1. The most precious time—15 seconds before arrival of severe shaking Yan Wenli A9SJ2002

  2. Outline • Sudden Earthquake any time… • Earthquake early warning system • What to do in 15 seconds before earthquake: • Mechanical reaction (transportation, manufactory, elevator) • Human reaction (laboratory, hospital, any other places) • Conclusion

  3. Earthquake-- sudden force of seismic shifts An earthquake is caused by the release of stored elastic strain energy during rapid sliding along a fault. The sliding will start at some location and progress away from this hypocenter in each direction along the fault surface.

  4. Principle of Earthquake Early Warning System The pressure wave travels faster than the shear wave. • P wave: generate an abrupt shock • S wave: generate a periodic motion that is the most destructive in its effect upon structures.

  5. Japanese Meteorological Agency http://www.jma.go.jp/jma/indexe.html

  6. What can we do if we would have 15seconds before arrival of severe shaking?

  7. Two most important factors we need to concern: • Human lives • Economics

  8. Mechanical reactions • High-speed and Grounded Transportations stop or slow down the train before the earthquake comes

  9. Newton’s First Law(Law of Inertia) • Every object in a state of uniform motion tends to remain in that state of motion unless a net external force is applied to it.

  10. What would happen? • A fleeting express train will “fly” in a nearly straight line tangential to the rail after the earthquake makes the train even a little deviate from the rail. • Many passengers’ and passersby’s blooding and nearby buildings’ toppling

  11. The digression of Joetsu Shinkansen Incidence: Eight out of ten cars of the Toki 325 (a 200 Series Shinkansen) derailed on the Joetsu Shinkansen line between Nagaoka Station in Nagaoka and Urasa Station in Yamato; no injuries were reported among the 155 passengers. Aftermath: Railbeds, bridges and tunnels were all affected. East Japan Railway Company stopped all trains in Niigata Prefecture, including the extensively damaged Joetsu Line, Shinetsu Main Line, Iiyama Line, Tadami Line and Echigo Line.” • from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004_Ch%C5%ABetsu_earthquake

  12. To Be mentioned-- • It’s reported that the train took a sudden brake after being informed of the earthquake by Urgent Earthquake Detection and Alarm System (UrEDAS). • Without such EEWS equipment, what would have happened might be quite beyond people’s imagination. ？!

  13. Manufactory Change the machines to the safety mode or stop them. Most machines need compatible gear while working and if a severe tremor comes from the outside, the nice spares may get disengaged and get the machines break down.

  14. Elevator Push every button of the elevator and get it stopped at the nearest floor and run out of it.

  15. Human reaction • Laboratories (relating to poisonous or radioactive chemicals and gas tanks) Return the chemicals into vessels and fix the vessels and tanks so firmly that they won’t tumble down and hurt people.

  16. Hospitals Stop the operation for several seconds when earthquake is the most severe and fix the tanks tightly. Wikipedia--scalpel

  17. In any building Get ensconced under a stable table and hold to it or hurry to the safe places considering the earthquake-resistance-capacity design of the building.

  18. Academy of Art University students take part in the California ShakeOut — a statewide Drop, Cover and Hold earthquake drill in San Francisco. (University of California, Berkeley scientists are working on an earthquake early-warning system.) http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=113877510

  19. Conclusion The modern society accolades efficiency in every field and emphasizes the importance of time. Though short time as it may be sound, 15 seconds can do a great benefit for saving lives and economic losses! However, it’s not until we are quite clear about what should be done can we do most efficiently with the help of EEWS.

  20. Thank you for your attention!

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