Types of clauses

1. adjective. noun. adverb. Types of clauses

2. The Noun Clause • A noun clause (a group of words that has at least one subject and one verb) is a subordinate or dependent clause that functions, as its name suggests…as a noun! • A Noun Clause takes the place of singular nouns within sentences. Therefore these clauses function as subjects, direct objects, and indirect objects. • Whoever broke the lamp must pay for it. • SUBJECT • I can’t explain what he did. • DIRECT OBJECT • Give whoever needs that information the correct numbers • INDIRECT OBJECT

3. WHAT, WHICH, WHOM, WHO, WHERE, WHEN, WHOEVER, WHATEVER • Will these older folks recall how they were part of a terrific generation? • When the next door will open is puzzling to all of us. • I asked whomever I wanted to come to the dance. • DO, SUB, IO

4. Adjective Clause • The adjective clause functions the same way in a sentence that any regular adjective would, meaning it modifies (or give us more information about) nouns. • Adjective clauses must come right after the noun they modify; otherwise you may confuse your reader as to what is being modified. • The lamp, which was a priceless heirloom, lay smashed on the floor. • Bob leaned over to gather up the glass that was on the rug. • Bob went to see the woman who owned the lamp.

5. WHO, WHOM, WHOSE, WHICH, THAT • Answers “Which One?” • This extremely intelligent geologist, who is also a talented juggler, has been asked to visit the State Assembly later this month. • The street that you live on is scheduled to be repaved next month. • The movie director, whom you read about last week, will be promoting her new film throughout Europe.

6. ADVERB CLAUSES • Adverb clauses, just like adverbs, modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. • Bob felt sick when she told him the value of the lamp. • If he had known how much the lamp was worth, he would have been more careful.

7. WHEN, BEFORE, AFTER, UNTIL, SINCE, WHILE, WHERE, WHEN, AS, AS IF, BECAUSE, ALTHOUGH, WHILE, IF, UNLESS, SO, SO THAT • Adverb clauses tend to explain: When? Where? Why? To what degree? …the action (verb) is occurring. • SALLY KISSED ME, AND I FAINTED. • Because Sally kissed me, I fainted. • Even though Sally kissed me, I fainted • Sally kissed me after I fainted. • I fainted as Sally kissed me.