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How to Present Information

This resource delves into the complexities of human perception and memory to provide insights on how to present information effectively. Learn about the stages of perception, memory processes, and techniques for visualizing data. Discover tips to improve recall and recognition, avoid chartjunk, and maximize data-ink in visual displays. Explore examples like Minard's map and sparklines for better comprehension. Gain knowledge on visualization methods, network traffic visualization, and tools like Grokker and Gap Minder.

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How to Present Information

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  1. How to Present Information Christine Robson October 25, 2007

  2. Topics • Human Perception- Quick Review • Presenting Information • Visualizations

  3. Quick Review:Human Perception

  4. Stage Theory of Human Perception & Memory maintenance rehearsal Sensory Image Store Sensory Image Store WorkingMemory WorkingMemory Long Term Memory Long Term Memory elaboration decay decay,displacement decay? interference? • Working Memory: • Small capacity • ~ 7 +/- 2 chunks Long Term Memory: • Huge capacity “Short Term” • Visual information store • Auditory information store • Pre-attentive Processing

  5. Recall vs. Recognition Two main ways we access memory: Recognition: • when provided with a cue to the information in memory • eg. feeling of familiarity, matching, multiple. choice, True/False on exams, recognizing someone you know... Recall: • drawing the information from memory without (or with minimal) cues. • eg. coming up with the name for person you recognized, remembering what command to type, fill-in-the-blank on exams.

  6. Presenting Information

  7. PresentInformation • Sibley Guide To Birds • Lots of Data • Many types ofInformation • Yet succinct

  8. Train Schedules

  9. Periodic Table of Visualization Methods http://www.visual-literacy.org/periodic_table/periodic_table.html#

  10. Tables are great!

  11. Chartjunk The interior decoration of graphics generates a lot of ink that does not tell the viewer anything new. The purpose of decoration varies – to make the graphic appear more scientific and precise, to enliven the display, to give the designer an opportunity to exercise artistic skills. Regardless of its cause, it is all non-data-ink or redundant data-ink, and it is often chartjunk. Edward Tufte The Visual Display of Quantitative Information.

  12. Chartjunk

  13. Automatic Charts in Excel

  14. Informationthat matters Edward Tufte

  15. Informationthat matters Edward Tufte Automatic PPT Charts

  16. Informationthat matters Edward Tufte Without the chartjunk

  17. Data-Ink Maximization • Tufte defines two types of ink used to construct a graph: • data-ink - the essential non-erasable ink used to present the data • non-data-ink - the redundant ink used to elaborate or decorate the graph • The Data-Ink Ratio is defined as the percentage: (100 x Data-ink) / (Total ink used on graphic)

  18. Minard’s Map of Napoleon's March Map by Charles Joseph Minard portrays the losses suffered by Napoleon's army in the Russian campaign of 1812

  19. Lots of Information • Beginning at the Polish-Russian border, the thick band shows the size of the army at each position • The path of Napoleon's retreat from Moscow in the bitterly cold winter is depicted by the dark lower band, which is tied to temperature and time scales.

  20. Sparklines Edward Tufte • data-intense, design-simple, word-sized graphics • small, high resolution graphics embedded in a context of words, numbers, images

  21. Visualization

  22. Assembly Diagrams

  23. Protein Folding

  24. Company Relationships

  25. Networks of relationshipsfrom the web OPEC Ministers and Large Companies

  26. Web topics relating to autos Honda and Toyota are the most frequently discussed Honda: fuel economy GM: New models and future plans HEV’s and SUV’s: Ford

  27. Visualizing Network Traffic Walrus http://www.caida.org/tools/visualization/walrus/gallery1/

  28. Grokker • web-based enterprise search management platform • leverages the power of federated content access and visualization to maximize the value of information assets for enterprises, content publishers, libraries and other research-intensive organizations • From Grokker.com

  29. Gap Minder (Google) • Hans Rosling’s 2007 TED Talk • Software to visualise human development • Non-profit venture http://www.gapminder.org/

  30. Nuts & Bolts

  31. Facebook Causes AppGuest Lecture Nov 6th Sean Parker • Chairman of Project Agape • Managing Partner at The Founders Fund • Co-founder of Napster, Plaxo, and Facebook Joe Green • CEO & co-founder of Project Agape • founder and former CEO of essembly.com Chris Chan • Facebook Causes Application Product Manager • Designer and Product Manager at essembly.com 

  32. Readings • “Olympic Message System” for Tuesday, in Google Group • Chapters from Tufte up on the Google Group

  33. Exams Back • If you’d like us to explain your score on a question, set up a meeting (email us) • Question 1,2,4,6: Christine • Question 3,5: John • Our policy on disputed grades is to re-grade your entire exam

  34. Grade Summary • Summary page of all your grades • Please check for discrepancies

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