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How to Form Present Participles

How to Form Present Participles. Go to the second principal part, and drop the ‘-re’. Add: Nom. -ns -ntes (-ntia) Gen. -ntis -ntium Dat. -nti -ntibus Accus. -ntem (-ns) -ntes (-ntia) Abl. -nti /-nte -ntibus. -io Verb Exception.

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How to Form Present Participles

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  1. How to Form Present Participles • Go to the second principal part, and drop the ‘-re’. • Add: Nom. -ns -ntes (-ntia) Gen. -ntis -ntium Dat. -nti -ntibus Accus. -ntem (-ns) -ntes (-ntia) Abl. -nti /-nte -ntibus

  2. -io Verb Exception • Go to the second principal part, and drop the ‘-ere’ or the ‘-ire’ • Add: Nom. -iens -ientes (-ientia) Gen. -ientis -ientium Dat. -ienti -ientibus Accus. -ientem (-iens) -ientes (-ientia) Abl. -ienti /-iente -ientibus

  3. ACTIVE verb PASSIVE verb • I see the dog. • The dog is seen by me. • The dog hearing the whistle • The whistle heard by the dog ACTIVE participle PASSIVE participle And with an active participle, the noun is the ACTOR / DOER of the participle. With a passive participle, the noun is ACTED UPON by the participle.

  4. How to form the Perf. Pass. Partic. • Go to the 4th Principal Part (which is the Neuter Nom. Sing. PPP) • Drop the ‘-um’ ending and add any 1st/2nd Declension Adjective Ending (like bonus, bona, bonum)

  5. The Perfect Passive Participle (Sing)

  6. The Perfect Passive Participle (Plur)

  7. Deponent Verbs There is a category of verbs that are PASSIVE in form but ACTIVE in their meaning. They’re called Deponent Verbs. As a result a Perfect Passive Participle with one of these verbs has an ACTIVE meaning, and they happen prior to the main verb.

  8. Examples of Deponent Participles: 1. ingressus (having entered) 2. regressus (having returned) 3. precatus (having prayed) 4. conspicatus (having caught sight of) 5. locutus (having spoken) 6. adeptus (having obtained)

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