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Optimum Muscle Power: Implications for Isokinetic Training in Swimming

Explore the dynamic and static implications of variable resistance on muscle power and strength in swimming training. Discover the critical role of muscle contraction types and angles of pull for optimal performance. Learn about isokinetic machines for enhanced training results in swimming. This text is authored by Jackson Pui Man Wai, Ph.D., detailing the effects of levers, muscle tension relationships, and energy conversions in muscle force. Dive into the mechanics of isokinetic knee extension, flexion, shoulder adduction, and abduction exercises using advanced equipment like CYBEX II. Enhance your understanding of optimal muscle training methods.

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Optimum Muscle Power: Implications for Isokinetic Training in Swimming

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  1. Variable Resistance – Implication for Swimming Training Type of Muscle Contraction Static Dynamic Angle of Pull – Invention of Isokinetic machine Swimming – Training for optimum muscle power and strength improvement By Jackson Pui Man Wai, Ph.D.

  2. First-Class lever 第一型槓桿

  3. Second-Class lever 第二型槓桿

  4. Third-Class lever 第三型槓桿

  5. 40 kg x 1 m = 40 kgm 20 kg x 2 m = 40 kgm (20+5) kg x 1.6 m = 40 kgm

  6. Muscle Angle of Pull - Tension Relationship Source: Fox, Bower, and Foss. The Physiological Basis of Physical Education and Athletics.

  7. Muscle Angle of Pull - Tension Relationship Source: Fox, Bower, and Foss. The Physiological Basis of Physical Education and Athletics.

  8. LW LF LF LF LW LW Effect of Angle of Pull on Muscle tension Experimental setting

  9. LF LF LF LW LW LW Effect of Angle of Pull on Muscle tension Realistic setting

  10. Open System F = ma  a = F/m  a  F, Thus  F  a Energy of muscle force converts to energy of acceleration

  11. Closed system Energy cannot be dissipated by acceleration, energy of acceleration is absorbed as energy of resistance. • F = ma = mR (constant V) • R  Fthus  F  R

  12. Isokinetic Knee Extension and Flexion ~117° Torque curves of quadriceps and hamstring muscle groups of normal subjects performed at 22.5°·s-1 ~147°

  13. CYBEX II Isokinetic Device Shoulder Adduction and Abduction

  14. THE END

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