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The Mediterranean Front

Explore the Gallipoli campaign, its consequences, and the impact of geographic factors on military strategies. Discover the horrors of trench warfare and the significance of major turning points in the war. Learn about the colonial fronts and the devastating Armenian Genocide.

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The Mediterranean Front

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  1. TheMediterranean Front

  2. The Gallipoli Disaster Purposes of campaign: • Seize & secure Dardanelles • Take Ottoman capital, Constantinople • Establish supply line to Russia • Mount offensive into Austria-Hungary

  3. The Gallipoli Disaster, 1915 • Lasted from Feb. to Dec. (1915) • Allies suffered 250,000 casualties • Allies eventually give up

  4. Turkish Cavalry in Palestine

  5. T. E. Lawrence & the “Arab Revolt”, 1916-18

  6. T. E. Lawrence & Prince Faisal at Versailles, 1918-19

  7. The Tsar with General Brusilov

  8. The Western Front: A “War of Attrition”

  9. Today’s Standard 10.5.1 examine the geographic factors and their significance in the development of military strategies, locate and discuss the significance of the theaters of battle. Essential Question What role does geography play in the development of military strategy and how does this lead to the stale mate of Trench Warfare in WWI?

  10. A Multi-Front War

  11. Trench Warfare

  12. Trench Warfare “No Man’s Land”

  13. Verdun – February, 1916 • German offensive. Feb. 1916 – Dec. 1916 • Each side had 500,000 casualties. • Germans gain 4 miles

  14. The Somme – July, 1916 • 60,000 British soldiers killed in one day. • Over 1,000,000 killed in 5 months. • British gained 5 miles

  15. Major Turning Points • 1st Battle of the Marne – ended Schlieffen Plan • Battle of Tannenburg – gives German’s upper hand in East • Russian Revolution – ends two front war for Germany • U.S. Entry – increases Allied soldier Morale • 2nd Battle of the Marne – Central Powers loose and Allies have upper hand

  16. The“Colonial”Fronts

  17. Sikh British Soldiers in India

  18. Fighting in Africa Black Soldiers in the German Schutztruppen[German E. Africa] British Sikh Mountain Gunners

  19. Fighting in Africa 3rd British Battalion, Nigerian Brigade

  20. Fighting in Salonika, Greece French colonial marine infantry fromCochin, China - 1916

  21. The Armenian Genocide

  22. Today’s Standard 10.5.5 Discuss human rights violations and genocide, including the Ottoman governments actions against Armenian citizens. What was the Armenian Genocide? Explain its effects.

  23. Turkish Genocide Against Armenians A Portent of Future Horrors to Come!

  24. Fighting in the East Armenian Genocide Genocide – the systematic murder of an entire group of people Turkish government attempts to wipe out Armenians in Turkish empire.

  25. Armenian Genocide • 2.5 million Armenians in Turkish Empire • Armenians are Christian • Thought to be traitors of the Muslim empire • Obstacle to an all Turkish empire (extreme nationalism)

  26. Armenian Genocide • April 24th, 1915 – 100’s of Armenians arrested – executed, imprisoned, or deported • 1000’s of women and children deported to Syrian desert – died of starvation and thirst • Men executed.

  27. Armenian Genocide • From 1915 to around 1919 – 1,500,000 of the 2,500,000 Armenians killed

  28. Turkish Genocide Against Armenians

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