New Rule for Steel Erection

1. New Rule for Steel Erection WAC 296-155-701 through -724 The Standard On the web GO

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3. Navigational Symbols Used in this Presentation • Return to the program, usually from “additional information” • Definitions, more information, FAQs, etc • Read the actual Standard on line • Back to the Outline Next slide

4. Why the new rules?? • OSHA studies of 673 fatalities among ironworkers highlighted common hazards • Deaths were largely preventable by engineering & regulatory changes

5. = Outline -703 -Site layout, site specific erection plan & construction sequence -704 - Hoisting & rigging -706 - Structural steel assembly details -707 - Column anchorage -708 - Beams & columns -709 - Open web steel joists -711 - Systems engineered metal buildings -714 - Falling object protection -716 - Fall protection -717 - Training

6. Site layout, site-specific erection plan & construction sequence • Controlling contractor must provide written notification that concrete has attained • 75% of design strength, or • Sufficient strength to support the loads

7. Site layout, site-specific erection plan & construction sequence • Controlling contractor must ensure that adequate access roads are provided and maintained Photo courtesy of National Ironworkers & Employers Apprenticeship Training and Journeyman Upgrading Fund. All rights reserved.

8. Site layout, site-specific erection plan & construction sequence Controlling contractor must ensure that a suitable space is provided for • storage of materials and • safe operation of hoisting operations

9. Site layout, site-specific erection plan & construction sequence All hoisting operations must be preplanned to ensure all “working under loads” requirements are met

10. Site layout, site-specific erection plan & construction sequence Example • A site-specific erection plan may be developed to provide alternate means to protect employees • Appendix A contains guidelines App A

11. TOC Site layout, site-specific erection plan & construction sequence “Steel erection must be done under the supervision of a competent person who is present at the worksite.” Next Section

12. Hoisting & Rigging • The new section (WAC 296-155-704) and • WAC 296-155-525 & -526 Both apply to hoisting and rigging Photo courtesy of National Ironworkers & Employers Apprenticeship Training and Journeyman Upgrading Fund. All rights reserved.

13. Hoisting & Rigging Crane preshift visual inspection must be visually inspected by a competent person • rule gives inspection minimums • deficiencies must be evaluated immediately • equipment posing a hazard must be placed out of service • operator has authority to stop and refuse any loads until safety is assured Photo courtesy of National Ironworkers & Employers Apprenticeship Training and Journeyman Upgrading Fund. All rights reserved.

14. Hoisting & Rigging • A qualified rigger must inspect the rigging prior to each shift Photo courtesy of National Ironworkers & Employers Apprenticeship Training and Journeyman Upgrading Fund. All rights reserved.

15. Hoisting & RiggingWorking under loads Routes for suspended loads must be preplanned to avoid endangering workers

16. Hoisting & RiggingWhen working under loads • materials must be rigged to prevent unintentional displacement • hooks must have self-closing safety latches or equivalent • all loads must be rigged by a qualified rigger

17. Hoisting & RiggingMultiple lift rigging procedure only when: • a multiple lift rigging assembly is used • specifically within manufacturer’s specifications & limitations • maximum of 5 members hoisted per lift • only beams & similar structural members are lifted • only trained employees involved Photo courtesy of National Ironworkers & Employers Apprenticeship Training and Journeyman Upgrading Fund. All rights reserved.

18. Hoisting & RiggingMultiple lift rigging procedure • Bundles of decking are NOT appropriate for multiple lift. • Even though metal decking meets the definition of structural members

19. Hoisting & RiggingMultiple lift rigging procedure • Components of the multiple lift rigging assembly must be specifically designed and assembled with a maximum capacity for total assembly and for each individual attachment point. • Based on manufacturer’s specifications with a 5 to 1 safety factor on all components

20. Hoisting & RiggingMultiple lift rigging procedure Total load must not exceed • rated capacity as specified in the hoisting equipment load charts and • rigging capacity specified in the rigging-rating charts

21. Next Section TOC Hoisting & RiggingMultiple lift rigging procedure Controlled load lowering must be used whenever the load is over the connectors

22. Structural Steel AssemblyStructural stability maintained at all times during the erection process Multistory structures have permanent floors installed as the erection of structural members progresses • Within 8 floors of the concrete, or Photo courtesy of National Ironworkers & Employers Apprenticeship Training and Journeyman Upgrading Fund. All rights reserved.

23. Structural Steel AssemblyStructural stability maintained at all times during the erection process Multistory structures have permanent floors installed as the erection of structural members progresses • Within 8 floors of the concrete, or • no more than 4 floors (or 48’) of unfinished bolting or welding above secured floor

24. Structural Steel AssemblyWalking/working surfaces Elimination of tripping hazards: • no shear connectors or other similar devices …until after walking/working surface has been installed. Photo courtesy of National Ironworkers & Employers Apprenticeship Training and Journeyman Upgrading Fund. All rights reserved.

25. Structural Steel AssemblyPlumbing up When deemed necessary by a competent person: Plumbing up equipment must be installed in conjunction with the steel erection process to ensure stability of the structure. Photo courtesy of National Ironworkers & Employers Apprenticeship Training and Journeyman Upgrading Fund. All rights reserved.

26. Structural Steel AssemblyPlumbing up • When necessary, plumbing up equipment must be in place and properly installed before the structure is loaded with construction material

27. Structural Steel AssemblyPlumbing up • Plumbing up equipment must be removed only with the approval of a competent person

28. Structural Steel AssemblyMetal decking Hoisting, landing & placing of metal decking bundles • provisions to prevent “displacement” of decking during handling/storage Photo courtesy of National Ironworkers & Employers Apprenticeship Training and Journeyman Upgrading Fund. All rights reserved.

29. Structural Steel AssemblyMetal decking • Roof & floor holes and openings Must be installed as described: Para 706(4)(b) Photo courtesy of National Ironworkers & Employers Apprenticeship Training and Journeyman Upgrading Fund. All rights reserved.

30. Structural Steel AssemblyMetal decking • Covering roof and floor openings Photo courtesy of National Ironworkers & Employers Apprenticeship Training and Journeyman Upgrading Fund. All rights reserved.

31. Structural Steel AssemblyMetal decking Decking gaps around columns where there are gaps between columns, the “falling objects hazards” must be eliminated Photo courtesy of National Ironworkers & Employers Apprenticeship Training and Journeyman Upgrading Fund. All rights reserved.

32. Structural Steel AssemblyMetal decking During installation, metal decking must be laid tightly & immediately secured to prevent movement

33. Structural Steel AssemblyMetal decking During installation, metal decking panels must be placed to ensure full support by structural members

34. Structural Steel AssemblyMetal decking Derrick floors must be fully decked or planked & connections completed

35. Next Section TOC Structural Steel AssemblyMetal decking Temporary loads placed on derrick floors must be distributed over the underlying support to prevent local overloading

36. Column anchorage Insufficient column anchorage is a primary cause of column failure and a large contributor to fatalities among ironworkers! Photo courtesy of National Ironworkers & Employers Apprenticeship Training and Journeyman Upgrading Fund. All rights reserved.

37. Column anchorageErection Stability All columns must be anchored by a minimum of four anchor bolts Photo courtesy of National Ironworkers & Employers Apprenticeship Training and Journeyman Upgrading Fund. All rights reserved.

38. Column anchorageErection Stability All columns* must be anchored by a minimum of four anchor bolts all anchor rod assemblies must meet strength criteria listed in the rule

39. Column anchorageErection Stability Columns must be • set on level, finished floors • pregrouted leveling plates • leveling nuts, or • shim packs Photo courtesy of National Ironworkers & Employers Apprenticeship Training and Journeyman Upgrading Fund. All rights reserved.

40. Column anchorageErection Stability All columns must be evaluated by a competent person to determine if guying or bracing is needed. If guying or bracing is needed, it must be installed Photo courtesy of National Ironworkers & Employers Apprenticeship Training and Journeyman Upgrading Fund. All rights reserved.

41. Column anchorageAnchor rods (bolts) Anchor rods/bolts must not be repaired, replaced or field modified without approval of the project structural engineer of record

42. Next Section TOC Column anchorageAnchor rods (bolts) Controlling contractor must provide written notification to the steel erector if there has been any repair, replacement or modification of the anchor rods/bolts

43. Beams & ColumnsFinal placing of solid web structural members The load must not be released until members are secured with at least 2 bolts per connection

44. Beams & ColumnsFinal placing of solid web structural members The load must not be released until members are secured with at least 2 bolts per connection Bolts must be Same size and strength shown in the erection drawings Drawn up wrench tight, or equivalent specified

45. Beams & ColumnsFinal placing of solid web structural members A competent person must determine if more than 2 bolts are needed

46. Beams & ColumnsDiagonal bracing Solid web structural members used as diagonal bracing must be secured by at least one bolt per connection Wrench tight or equivalent

47. Beams & ColumnsDouble connections at columns and/orbeam webs over a column When making connections sharing common connection holes, at least one bolt with its wrench-tight nut must remain connected to the first member Photo courtesy of National Ironworkers & Employers Apprenticeship Training and Journeyman Upgrading Fund. All rights reserved. Diagram Exception

48. Beams & ColumnsColumn splices Each column splice must be designed to resist a minimum eccentric gravity load of 300# Photo courtesy of National Ironworkers & Employers Apprenticeship Training and Journeyman Upgrading Fund. All rights reserved.

49. Beams & ColumnsPerimeter columns Must extend a minimum of 48” above the finished floor to permit installation of perimeter safety cables prior to erection of the next tier Photo courtesy of National Ironworkers & Employers Apprenticeship Training and Journeyman Upgrading Fund. All rights reserved.

50. Next Section TOC Beams & ColumnsPerimeter columns Must have holes or other devices for attaching perimeter cables