OSHA’S NEW STEEL ERECTION STANDARD

1. OSHA’S NEW STEEL ERECTION STANDARD When industry and labor work together, we can save lives.

2. Steel Erection Activities • Every year, an average of 35 iron workers die during steel erection activities and 2,300 more suffer lost workday injuries,"

3. Standard • New subpart R is the first OSHA safety standard developed under the Negotiated Rulemaking Act • Developed by members of the Steel Erection Negotiated Rulemaking Advisory Committee (Senrac)

4. The Final Rule Contains Requirements For: • Hoisting and rigging • Structural Steel Assembly • Beam and Column connections • Joist Erection • Systems-engineered Metal Building Erection • Fall Protection • Training

5. The new standard covers all workers engaged in steel erection activities • The Standard does not cover electric transmission towers, communication towers, broadcast towers, water towers or tanks

6. Effective Dates • Original effective date July 18, 2001 • Revised effective date Jan. 18, 2002.

7. Additional Time • Gives industry time to become familiar with the new requirements and to provide training to employees in the construction industry. • Allow employers time to make the necessary changes to avoid costly re-fabrication of already made components and avoid serious delays to projects that would affect all trades involved in the construction process.

8. Question • Is the construction of a house framed with metal studs within subpart R? • No. A housed framed with metal studs is not covered by the standard

9. Question • When would the installation of metal studs be covered by subpart R? • The installation of metal studs is covered by Subpart R when the studs are integrated with the structural steel framing of a building.

10. Question • Is the installation of a standing seam metal roof on a wood framed structure covered by subpart R? • Yes. The definition of metal decking includes standing seam metal roofs.

11. Question • A fabricated tank is installed on a pad. The tank has connection points for a catwalk pre-installed by the manufacturer. The catwalk will be installed by a crane crew after the tank is installed. Do the fall protection requirements of subpart R apply to the installation of the catwalk?

12. Answer • Yes. Catwalks has traditionally been considered miscellaneous metals, and the installation of miscellaneous metals is covered by Subpart R?

13. Major causes of injuries and fatalities in the steel erection industry • Working under loads • Hoisting, landing and placing decking • Column stability • Double connections • Landing and placing steel joints • Falls to lower levels.

14. 1926.751: Definitions

15. Competent Person • Means one who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings or working conditions which are unsanitary, hazardous, or dangerous to employees, and who has authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them.

16. Controlling Contractor • Means a prime contractor, general contractor, construction manager or any other legal entity which has the overall responsibility for the construction of the project -- its planning, quality and completion.

17. Qualified person • One who, by possession of a recognized degree, certificate, or professional standing, or who by extensive knowledge, training, and experience, has successfully demonstrated the ability to solve or resolve problems relating to the subject matter, the work, or the project.

18. Shear Connector • Headed steel studs, steel bars, steel lugs, and similar devices which are attached to a structural member for the purpose of achieving composite action with concrete.

19. Site-Specific Erection Plan • Requires pre-planning of key erection elements, including coordination with controlling contractor before erection begins, in certain circumstances.

20. Steel Erection • Construction, alteration or repair of steel buildings, bridges and other structures, including the installation of metal decking and all planking used during the process of erection.

21. 1926.752: Site Layout & Construction Sequence

22. Controlling Contractor • Steel Erector provided notification of: • Concrete having attained sufficient strength. • Alteration of anchor bolts. • Adequate access to storage areas. • That concrete has cured enough to support steel erection

23. Hoisting operations • Must be pre-planned to reduce employee exposure to overhead loads.

24. Question • Can the controlling contractor contract with subcontractor to perform the work required by 1926.752(a)? If so, is the controlling contractor still responsible for these duties after subcontracting them? • Yes. The Controlling contractor is responsible for ensuring that the work was performed.

25. Question • Does the written notification from the controlling contractor to the steel erector about concrete footing, etc. in 1926.752(a) & (b) have to be maintained on site? • Once the written notification is given to the erector, there is no requirement that it be maintained at the site.

26. Question • Does the anchor bolt repair, replacement or field -modification approval from the Structural Engineer of Record (SER) required by 1926.755(b)(1) have to be maintained on site? • No. Once the written notification is given, it does not have to be maintained on site.

27. 1926.753: Hoisting & Rigging

28. 1926.753 - Hoisting and rigging(Supplement to the requirements of 1926.550) Construction Safety Council

29. Pre-shift Inspection Requirements • Pre-shift inspection must be done by a competent person. • Rigging must be inspected prior to each shift by a qualified rigger

30. Pre-shift visual inspection of cranes: • all control mechanisms for maladjustments excessive wear of components and contamination by lubricants or other foreign matter • safety devices • hooks and latches • pressurized lines for leakage • wire rope • electrical apparatus • hydraulic system • tires • ground conditions • hoisting equipment Construction Safety Council

31. General • The employer shall obtain and/or prepare a certification record of the pre-shift inspection Construction Safety Council

32. General • The operator shall be responsible for those operations under the operator’s direct control Construction Safety Council

33. General • Qualified rigger to inspect the rigging prior to each shift • Headache ball not used to transport personnel • Only use of personnel platforms in accordance with 1926.550 (g) Construction Safety Council

34. Safety Latches • Safety latches on hooks shall not be deactivated. Construction Safety Council

35. Responsibilities During Crane Operations • Safety latches • Employees engaged in initial steel erection or hooking/unhooking to work under loads in some specific instances. • Operators are responsible for operations under their control and have the authority to stop and refuse to handle loads until safety has been assured.

36. Responsibilities During Crane Operations • Prohibit the use of cranes to hoist personnel unless ALL provisions of 1926.550 are met except 1926.550(g)(2) • When working under loads requirements in this section must be followed. • Multiple lift rigging is permitted as long as the requirements in this erection are met. [.753(d)].

37. Working Under Loads • Materials being hoisted shall be rigged to prevent unintentional displacement; • Hooks with self-closing safety latches or their equivalent shall be used to prevent components from slipping out of the hook; and • All loads shall be rigged by a qualified rigger

38. Question • Does the standard permit a qualified rigger to design and assemble a “multiple lift rigging” assembly on the jobsite by mixing components from one rigging supplier or by mixing components from several rigging suppliers? • Yes

39. Question • How often must the multiple lift rigging assembly be inspected? • Before every shift.

40. Question • The crane is rented, and the operator is supplied by the crane rental company. The steel erector designates the operator as the competent person for the purposes of the pre-lift inspection requirements. Is the steel erector still responsible for the pre-lift inspection? • Yes

41. 1926.754: Structural Steel Assembly and Stability

42. 1926.754 Structural Steel Assembly • Structural stability shall be maintained • Additional requirements shall apply for multi-story structures: • The permanent floors shall be installed & no more than eight stories between the erection floor and the upper-most permanent floor. • No more than four floors or 48 feet (14.6 m), whichever is less, of unfinished bolting or welding above the foundation or uppermost permanently secured floor • Fully planked or decked floor or nets shall be maintained within two stories or 30 feet (9.1 m), whichever is less, directly under any erection work being performed.

43. 1926.754(c):Walking/Working Surfaces • Shear connectors (such as headed steel studs, steel bars or steel lugs), reinforcing bars, deformed anchors or threaded studs shall not be attached to the top flanges of beams, joists or beam attachments so that they project vertically from or horizontally across the top flange of the member until after the metal decking, or other walking/ working surface, has been installed.

44. Installation of shear connectors on composite floors, roofs and bridge decks. • When shear connectors are used in construction of composite floors, roofs and bridge decks, employees shall lay out and install the shear connectors after the metal decking has been installed, using the metal decking as a working platform. Shear connectors shall not be installed from within a controlled decking zone (CDZ), as specified in §1926.760(c)(8).

45. Slip resistance of skeletal structural steel. • Workers shall not be permitted to walk the top surface of any structural steel member installed after July 18, 2007 that has been coated with paint or similar material • The results shall be available at the site and to the steel erector.

46. Plumbing-up Equipment: turnbuckles • properly secured • secured to prevent unwinding • placed so employees can get to connection points • removed only under the supervision of a competent person Construction Safety Council

47. Question • 1926.754(b)(3) requires a fully planked or decked floor or nets within 2 stories or 30 feet, whichever is less. Can an employer’s requirement that workers be protected by fall arrest equipment at all times above 6 feet take the place of nets and temporary floors? • Yes. If he establishes, communicates & enforces policy.

48. Question • If a roof opening is 11 inches by 25 feet, does it need to be covered for steel erection purposes. • No. The definition of an opening refers to a gap whose least dimension is 12 inches or more.

49. 1926.755: Column Anchorages

50. General requirements for erection stability • Columns anchored by a min. of 4 bolts and designed to resist a 300# eccentric load at 18” from the column face. • Columns set on level finished floors, pre-grouted leveling plates, leveling nuts, or shim packs. • Unstable columns shall be evaluated by a competent person. Construction Safety Council