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THE FIVE PILLARS OF DISASTER RESILIENCE Part 5: Recovery

Understand the key pillars of disaster resilience for effective recovery after natural hazards strike. Learn about preparedness, protection, early warning, emergency response, and recovery strategies to secure a community's future. Discover how to increase recovery capabilities and mitigate risks with international assistance and policy changes. Explore real-life examples like the Kobe earthquake and the Indian Ocean tsunami to grasp the importance of anticipation and proactive measures in disaster recovery.

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THE FIVE PILLARS OF DISASTER RESILIENCE Part 5: Recovery

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  1. THE FIVE PILLARS OF DISASTER RESILIENCEPart 5: Recovery Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA 

  2. PREPAREDNESS • PROTECTION • EARLY WARNING • EM RESPONSE • RECOVERY 5 PILLARS OF DISASTER RESILIENCE ACCEPTABLE RISK RISK UNACCEPTABLE RISK BOOKS OF KNOWLEDGE • MONITORING • HAZARD MAPS • INVENTORY • VULNERABILITY • LOCATIONR DATA BASES AND INFORMATION YOUR NATION HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS

  3. DISASTER RESILIENCE IS A FAILED POLICY WITHOUT THE ADOPTION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF FIVE INTEGRATED POLICIES (i.e., The Five Pillars of Disaster Resilience)

  4. WHAT IS PREPAREDNESS, THE FIRST PILLAR? (Preparedness is a state of readiness on individual, urban, sub-regional, and national scales that is sufficient to keep the disaster agents of a natural hazard from causing a disaster

  5. WHAT IS PROTECTION, THE SECOND PILLAR? Protection is a mandated state of robustness and strength for important buildings and essential - critical infrastructure to prevent loss of function when a natural hazard ocurs

  6. WHAT IS EARLY WARNING, THE THIRD PILLAR? Early Warning is a state of monitoring and messaging “in the moment”that activates evacuation plans to save lives and accelerates site-specific preparedness to protect property

  7. WHAT IS EMERGENCY RESPONSE, THE FOURTH PILLAR? Emergency Response is a myriad of scripted and unscripted heroic and historic responses during a twenty-four hour and twenty-one day “race against time” to save lives and protect property

  8. WHAT IS RECOVERY, THE FIFTH PILLAR? Recovery is A period of up to ten years marked by an all out effort to restore essential services to normal, to repair and reconstruct damaged buildings and infrastructure, and to revive the economy

  9. KEY ELEMENTS OF RECOVERY • IT IS AN INTENSE PERIOD: Up to 10 years are required to plan, fund, and implement the kinds of multi-faceted restoration, repair, and reconstruction activities that are needed to restore life in the community to normal again.

  10. KEY ELEMENTS OF RECOVERY • PUBLIC PRESSURE: The political priority is to meet the urgent needs of the people IMMEDIATELY, but the default position is AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE.

  11. KEY ELEMENTS OF RECOVERY • SELF INSURANCE AND CASUALTY INSURANCE: When available, money from loss indemnification casualty insurance helps to start the repair and reconstruction quickly. • LIMITS OF PROTECTION: Insured buildings and infrastructure are usually USUALLY restored to the pre-event level of protection; SOMETIMES MORE.

  12. KEY ELEMENTS OF RECOVERY • INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE: Avail-able in many cases, but not all cases. • POLICY CHANGES: Public officials use the recovery period as a “Window of Opportunity” to adopt and implement new policies based on the lessons on preparedness, protection, early warning, and emergency response learned from the event.

  13. THE GOAL DISASTER RESILIENCE: DEMANDS ON COMMUNITY CAPABILITIES OF COMMUNITY

  14. REALITY LACK OF DISASTER RESILIENCE INSUFFICIENT CAPACITY FOR RECOVERY AFTER A NATURAL HAZARD STRIKES UNANTICIPATED DEMANDS ON COMMUNITY

  15. ANY COMMUNITY CAN INCREASE ITS CAPABILITY FOR COST- EFFECTIVE RECOVERY DURING THE INTENSE PERIOD OF UP TO TEN YEARS AFTER A NATURAL HAZARD STRIKES

  16. THE CAPABILITY FOR RECOVERY INCREASES AS A COMMUNITY’S CAPABILITY TO PREPARE, PROTECT, WARN, AND RESPOND INCREASES

  17. EXAMPLE: KOBE, JAPAN EARTHQUAKE: JANUARY 17, 1995

  18. KOBE, JAPAN • ?

  19. ANTICIPATION IS THE KEY TO PREPAREDNESS AND PROTECTION • WHERE AND WHEN WILL THE EARTHQUAKE LIKELY OCCUR? • HOW BIG OR STRONG IS IT LIKELY TO BE? • HOW STRONG ARE THE POTENTIAL DISASTER AGENTS LIKELY TO BE?

  20. WHAT NEEDS TO BE ANTICIPATED (Continued)? • WHAT KINDS OF BUILDINGS ARE AT RISK? • WHAT KINDS OF BASIC, ESSENTIAL, AND CRITICAL INFRA-STRUCTURE ARE AT RISK? • WHAT ARE THEIR PHYSICAL VUL-NERABILITIES

  21. CONCLUSION: KOBE NEEDED TO BE READY FOR: • STRONG GROUND SHAKING, LIQUE-FACTION, LANDSLIDES, AND POSSIBLE TSUNAMI WAVES • POSSIBLE FIRES • DAMAGE TO BUILDINGS AND INFRASTRUCTURE • WIDE-SPREAD LOSSES OF FUNCTION • DEATHS AND INJURIES • ECONOMIC LOSSES IN BILLIONS

  22. CONCLUSIONKOBE WAS A “PREPAREDNESS” AND “PROTECTION” FAILURE “EMERGENCY RESPONSE” AND “RECOVERY” SUCCESSES

  23. EXAMPLE: NATIONS ADJACENT TO INDIAN OCEAN TSUNAMI DECEMBER 26, 2004

  24. NATIONS AT RISK FROM TSUNAMIS

  25. THE INDIAN-OCEAN NATIONS NEEDED TO BE READY FOR: • TSUNAMI WAVE RUN UP • COASTAL AREAS INUNDATED AND ERODED • BUILDINGS AND INFRASTRUCTURE IN COASTAL AREAS DAMAGED WITH LOSSES OF FUNCTION • 200,000 + DEATHS AND INJURIES • ECONOMIC LOSSES IN BILLIONS

  26. DECEMBER 26, 2004 INDONESIA EARTHQUAKE-TSUNAMI DISASTER • TRIGGERED BY A SHALLOW, M 9.0 EARTHQUAKE LOCATED 155 MILES FROM SUMATRA • 10 M TSUNAMI WAVES WITH RUNUP OF ABOUT 2 MILES DEVASTATED SHORE LINES OF 12 NATIONS • NO EARLY WARNING • 0VER 200,000 PEOPLE KILLED

  27. DECEMBER 26, 2004 INDONESIA EARTHQUAKE-TSUNAMI DISASTER • MILLIONS DISPLACED FROM HOMES • BILLIONS OF DOLLARS NEEDED FOR RECONSTRUCTION • INTERNATIONAL AID COORDINATED BY INDIA, AUSTRALIA, JAPAN, AND USA

  28. CONCLUSIONTHE INDIAN-OCEAN NATIONS WERE “EARLY WARNING” AND “EMERGENCY RESPONSE” FAILURES “RECOVERY” SUCCESSES?? (due to limited areas of impact in each nation)

  29. EXAMPLE: THE PHILIPPINES 2013 TYPHOON SEASON

  30. THE PHILIPPINES

  31. THE PHILIPPINES NEEDED TO BE READY FOR: • LANDFALL OF TROPICAL STORMS, TYPHOONS, AND A POSSIBLE SUPER TYPHOON, WHICH HAPPENED 11/08/13 • FLOODING AND LANDSLIDES • BUILDINGS AND INFRASTRUCTURE DAMAGED WITH LOSSES OF FUNCTION • DEATHS AND INJURIES • ECONOMIC LOSSES IN BILLIONS

  32. LANDFALL ON FRIDAY MORNING, NOV. 8, 2013

  33. FOUR HOURS OF FEAR AND DESTRUCTION • Winds flattened hundreds of homes, • Heavy rainfall triggered mudslides and flash flooding. • A storm surge with waves of up to 10 m (30 feet) destroyed everything, sweeping people away and drowning thousands. • Authorities said almost 800,000 people were evacuated to emergency shelters.

  34. INITIAL IMPACTS IN THE PHILIPPINES • Wide spread flooding, mudslides, and power outages • Winds of 380 kph (290 mph) • TACLOBAN hit very hard by the storm surge with many deaths • Tacloban’s airport destroyed

  35. INITIAL IMPACTS IN THE PHILIPPINES • Loss of communication • Estimates of up to 10,000 people dead • Economic losses in the billions

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