Rocks and the Rock Cycle:

1. Rocks and the Rock Cycle:

2. Rocks and the Rock Cycle: Can rocks change from one type to another?

3. What is a rock?

4. What is a rock? • A rock is a solid, naturally occurring chunk in the lithosphere that was melted, cemented, or pressed together.

5. What is a rock? • A rock is a solid, naturally occurring chunk in the lithosphere that was melted, cemented, or pressed together. • May or may not contain minerals.

6. Classifying rocks:

7. Classifying rocks: • Texture: Texture is a rock’s grain structure.

8. Classifying rocks: • Texture: Texture is a rock’s grain structure. • Geologist’s break up a rock’s grain structure into three categories.

9. Classifying rocks: • Texture: Texture is a rock’s grain structure. • Geologist’s break up a rock’s grain structure into three categories. • Grain size

10. Fine grain: Slate

11. Coarse grain: Diorite

12. No visible grain: Flint

13. Classifying rocks: • Texture: Texture is a rock’s grain structure. • Geologist’s break up a rock’s grain structure into three categories. • Grain size • Grain shape

14. Rounded grain: Conglomerate

15. Jagged grain: Breccia

16. Classifying rocks: • Texture: Texture is a rock’s grain structure. • Geologist’s break up a rock’s grain structure into three categories. • Grain size • Grain shape • Grain pattern

17. Non-banded grain: Quartzite

18. Banded grain: Gneiss

19. Types of Rocks: • Igneous rocks:

20. Types of igneous rocks: Basalt

21. Types of igneous rocks: Obsidian

22. Types of Rocks: • Igneous rocks: This type forms from the cooling of magma or lava.

23. Types of Rocks: • Igneous rocks: This type forms from the cooling of magma or lava. • Extrusive igneous rocks: Formed from lava that hardened on the surface of the Earth.

24. Extrusive igneous: Rhyolite

25. Types of Rocks: • Igneous rocks: This type forms from the cooling of magma or lava. • Extrusive igneous rocks: Formed from lava that hardened on the surface of the Earth. • Intrusive igneous rocks: Formed from magma that hardened beneath the surface of the Earth.

26. Intrusive igneous: Porphyry

27. Igneous rocks: Pumice

28. Types of Rocks: • Sedimentary rocks:

29. Types of Rocks: • Sedimentary rocks: This type forms when particles of other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together.

30. Types of Rocks: • Sedimentary rocks: This type forms when particles of other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together. • Clastic: Made of small rocks squeezed together.

31. Clastic Sedimentary rocks: Shale

32. Types of Rocks: • Sedimentary rocks: This type forms when particles of other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together. • Clastic: Made of small rocks squeezed together. • Organic: Made of the remains of plants or animals.

33. Organic sedimentary rocks: Coquina

34. Types of Rocks: • Sedimentary rocks: This type forms when particles of other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together. • Clastic: Made of small rocks squeezed together. • Organic: Made of the remains of plants or animals. • Chemical: Made of minerals that are dissolved in a solution and crystallize.

35. Chemical sedimentary rocks: Tufa

36. Types of Rocks: • Metamorphic rocks: Formed from any rock by heat and pressure deep beneath the Earth’s surface.

37. Types of Rocks: • Metamorphic rocks: Formed from any rock by heat and pressure deep beneath the Earth’s surface. • Foliated rocks: Grains arranged in parallel layers or bands.

38. Foliated rocks: Phyllite

39. Types of Rocks: • Metamorphic rocks: Formed from any rock by heat and pressure deep beneath the Earth’s surface. • Foliated rocks: Grains arranged in parallel layers or bands. • Non-foliated rocks: Grains are arranged randomly.

40. Non-foliated rocks: Hornfels

49. Minerals

50. Minerals What are minerals and what do they look like?