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Parathyroid

Parathyroid. Maria Alleluia and Lydia Dzwonczyk. Physical, Molecular, and Chemical Description. The parathyroid is inferior to the larynx and posterior to the trachea.

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Parathyroid

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  1. Parathyroid Maria Alleluia and Lydia Dzwonczyk

  2. Physical, Molecular, and Chemical Description • The parathyroid is inferior to the larynx and posterior to the trachea. • The parathyroid consists of four glands located posterior to the thyroid gland with two on each side. They are about the size of a grain of rice. • Easily recognized from the thyroid because they have densely packed cells. They contain four types of cells which chief cells oxyphil, adipose tissue, and fibrovascular stroma. Sometimes parathyroid glands are located inside the thyroid gland, thymus gland or mediastinum. Even though they are misplace they still work normally. Ocassinally they can be as large as a pea and still normally function. Normally they mustard yellow. They are oval structures that weigh about thirty mg each. The surperior parathyroid glands are less commonly to be postioned abnormally.

  3. Facts If over the age of 30 calcium level should be 10.1 or lower. If adults over 40 have calcium levels over 10.1 almost certainly have a tumor on their parathyroids. Children’s calcium level is normal if it is 10.4 because their bones are still growing. Young adults with calcium levels of 10.3 is normal. Once over 40 it is ok for calcium levels to be over 10.1 but if it is frequent it is not unless it is ok by a doctor.

  4. Diseases • Hyperparathyroidism: the main disease of the parathyroid glands . Is the effect of too much calcium being produced. • It is caused when one or more of the parathyroid glands grows a tumor that is not cancer . It causes the parathyroid gland to produce to much hormones no matter what the calcium level is. The parathyroid gland that grew the tumor has lost control of the feed back. The other three glands are of normal size. • The tumor is called a parathyroid adenoma this is responsible for 94 % of patients diagnosed hyperparathyroidism . • Parathyroid cells are made up of individual cells . One of these may go crazy and just keep dividing. • This is a picture of a parathyroid that has parathyroid adenoma. This is an average size tumor. The normal size of a parathyroid is the size of piece of rice .

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