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Life Span Lecture 4

Life Span Lecture 4. Chapter 7-8 Toddlerhood & Preschool. Toddlerhood. 1-3 years Growth Slow & Steady Areas of focus Gross & fine motor skills Language Autonomy. Height & Weight. Height @3 inch / year Weight @5 pounds / year. Body proportions. Extremities grow faster than trunk

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Life Span Lecture 4

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  1. Life Span Lecture 4 Chapter 7-8 Toddlerhood & Preschool

  2. Toddlerhood • 1-3 years • Growth • Slow & Steady • Areas of focus • Gross & fine motor skills • Language • Autonomy

  3. Height & Weight • Height • @3 inch / year • Weight • @5 pounds / year

  4. Body proportions • Extremities grow faster than trunk • 2 yr • Potbelly • Lordosis • 3 yr • Slender • Stronger • Erect posture

  5. How many “deciduous” teeth are there? • 12 • 18 • 20 • 24 • 36

  6. At what point to children have all of their deciduous teeth? • 1 yr • 1 ½ yr • 2 yr • 2 ½ yr • 3 yr

  7. Face & Teeth • Dentist • Fluoride • Brushing • Thumb sucking • Self-limiting

  8. Bone Development • Ossification • Greenstick fx

  9. Sensory Development • 3 yrs • 20/20 vision • Amblyopia • Eye patch the good eye • Eustachian tube

  10. Developmental Milestones • Related to • independent function

  11. Vital Signs • Temp • 98 – 99o F • Pulse • 90 – 120/ min • Resp • 20 – 30 / min • BP • 100/65

  12. Gross motor • Balance 1 foot • Jump • Steps • Run

  13. Fine motor • Self-feeding • Dressing • Rides tricycle • Simple puzzles • Blocks • Copies circles / lines • Turns knobs • Opens lids

  14. A toddler is in what stage according to the psychoanalytical theory model? • Trust vs. Mistrust • Autonomy vs. Shame • Oral stage • Anal stage • Preoperational

  15. What part of toilet training do toddlers learn first? • Bowel control • Bladder control

  16. Toilet training • Help undressing • Accidents • Age • 2 – 3 ½ yrs

  17. A toddler is in what stage according to the psychosocial theory model? • Trust vs. Mistrust • Autonomy vs. Shame • Oral stage • Anal stage • Preoperational

  18. Psychosocial development: Autonomy • Independence • Freedom of choice

  19. Psychosocial development: Discipline • Simple & direct f/b diversion • Consistent • Routine • Frustration  negativistic behavior • “Time out”

  20. Psychosocial development: • Separation anxiety • Warm & affectionate • Comfort items • Sibling rivalry • Regression

  21. A toddler is in what stage according to the Piaget’s cognitive theory model? • Trust vs. Mistrust • Autonomy vs. Shame • Oral stage • Anal stage • Preoperational

  22. Cognitive development • Global perspective • Object permanence • “magical” age • Egocentric view • Time • Couriosity

  23. Moral Development • Parent’s moral code  child's moral code

  24. Communication • Automatic & spontaneous • Understand before they can express • 2 yrs • 2 word sentences • 50 word vocabulary • 3 yrs • 2 word sentences • 1,000 word vocabulary

  25. Nutrition • Est. eating habits • Amounts & Variety • Growth • Protein • Calcium • Iron • Phosphorus • Vitamins • 2-3 yrs • Eating same food as family

  26. Nutrition • Caloric intake • 1,300 cal/day • Pain vs mixed • Ritualistic behavior • Idea meal plan • 3 small meal • 3 nutritious snacks • Routine • Socialization

  27. Sleep and Rest • Nap • Ritual • Nightmares

  28. Play • Mimic • Symbolic play • Parallel play • Toys • Fine and gross motor

  29. What is the leading cause of death in toddlers? • Cancer • Accidents • Bacterial Infection • Viral Infection • SIDS

  30. What is the leading cause of accident death in toddlers? • Drowning • Burns • Motor vehicle • Choking • Poisoning

  31. Preschool • Age • 3-6yrs

  32. Height & Weight • Height • 2-3 inches / year • Weight • 5 pounds / year

  33. Body proportions • Loss subcutaneous and adipose tissue • More adult like

  34. Teeth • Tooth decay • Plaque • Dental visits • Q 6 months

  35. Muscle & Bone Development • Long bones lose red marrow • Flat bones have red marrow • Skull • Sternum • Pelvis

  36. Sensory Development • Vision • 20/20 • By age 5 • Depth perception • Color • Hearing • Ear infections

  37. Vital Signs • Pulse • 90-100 / minute • Resp • 22-25 / min • BP • 100 / 60

  38. Gross motor • 4 yrs • Walking / running tip toes • Hop & balance one foot • Stairs • Climb & jump • 5 yrs • Coordination increases • Jump rope • Skip • Balance beam • Sports

  39. Fine motor • Self-care • Draw • Scissors • Printing name

  40. Sexual Development • Genital awareness • Masterbation

  41. What stage of development is a preschooler (late childhood) on the psychosocial model? • Oral • Anal • Autonomy vs shame • Initiative vs guilt • Properational

  42. Psychosocial development: Initiative • Explore! • Pretending

  43. Psychosocial development: Discipline • Set limits • Explore feelings

  44. Psychosocial development: • Jealousy

  45. Preschool education • Peer interaction

  46. Cognitive development • Centration • Lack reversibility • Share • Creative • Egocentric • Magical • Increased attention span

  47. Which of the following developed a moral development theory and staging? • Freud • Erikson • Piaget • Kohlberg • Pope

  48. What is the first level of Kohlberg's moral development model? • Preconventional • Trust vs mistrust • Oral • Anal • Sensorimotor

  49. What is the term Freud used for a “Conscience” • Id • Ego • Superego

  50. Communication • 4 yrs • 4 word sentences • Who, what, where • Nouns, verbs & adjectives • 5 yrs • 5+ word sentences • 2,000+ word vocabulary

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