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Mental health promotion and prevention in Finland

Kristian Wahlbeck National Insitute for Health and Welfare (THL) Nordic School of Public Health (NHV). Mental health promotion and prevention in Finland. Scope of the WHO Helsinki Declaration 2005. Promotion of mental well-being Prevention of mental health problems

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Mental health promotion and prevention in Finland

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  1. Kristian WahlbeckNational Insitute for Health and Welfare (THL)Nordic School of Public Health (NHV) Mental health promotion and prevention in Finland

  2. Scope of the WHO Helsinki Declaration 2005 • Promotion of mental well-being • Prevention of mental health problems • Care for people with mental disorders • Recovery and integration into society • Tackling stigma, discrimination and exclusion

  3. EU Mental Health Pact & Expert Consensus Papers 2008

  4. The spectrum for interventions of mental health problems and mental disorders

  5. Mental health has strong socio-economic determinants • Mental health is associated with social inequality • Poverty • Unemployment • Low standard of living • Poor physical health • Being a migrant, homeless, ethnic minority person Fryers et al. SPPE 2003 Bhugra Acta Psych Scand 2004

  6. Risk factors: Findings from cohort studies • Child mental health • Childhood abuse and neglect • Prenatal factors • Birth complications • Postnatal factors • Parenthood characteristics MINDFUL Project 2007

  7. Children at risk: adult mental health is formed during early years • Plenty of evidence from longitudinal cohort studies shows trajectories from childhood risk factors to adult mental health

  8. Mental health promotion is a part of the national health strategy • empowerment • social inclusion • The responsibility lies with the local authorities Folkhälsoprogrammet

  9. Mental health promotion • implies the creation of individual, social and environmental conditions that are empowering and enable optimal health and development. Such initiatives involve individuals in the process of achieving positive mental health.

  10. National mental health prevention and promotion programmes • National suicide prevention programme 1987-1996 • National early interaction programme 1997-2002 • Effective Family Programme 2001- • JOBS Programme • Time Out! Programme 2004 – • Programme to support socio-emotional skills of primary school children is being developed

  11. National suicide prevention programme in Finland 1987-1996 • Phase 1 (1987-1989): Psychological autopsies • Phase 2 (1989-1991): Programme development (”Suicides can be prevented”) • Phase 3 (1992-1996): Implementation (Stakes) • Network of focal points in local municipalities (n=1152) • Approx. 2000 local projects (training, crisis services, working across sectors) • Phase 4 (1995-1997): Evaluation • Survey of staff in social and health care, other authorities and religious congregations (n=1700)

  12. All Men Women 60 50 40 30 Självmord / 100 000 20 10 0 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 2001 2002 2003 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1998 1999 2000 Suicides in Finland 1980-2003 National suicide prevention project Självmord / 100.000 pers. Män Alla Kvinnor

  13. Suicides 1980-2005 in Finland France Denmark

  14. National programme for early interaction 1997-2002 • Part of the European Early Promotion Project (EEPP; John Tsiantis, Hilton Davis) • Training programme (8 days + 2 y supervision) for staff in child health clinics • Evaluation in controlled study (staff, family and child outcomes at 6 w. and 24 months) • Staff capacity improved • Family satisfaction was higher • Effects on child development ?

  15. Effective Family Programme 2001- • To prevent intergenerational morbidity • Parenting support in families with mental illness of parents • Evaluation in randomised trial More information: tytti.solantaus@thl.fi

  16. JOBS Programme • Mental health promotion for unemployed people • Job-search training groups in job centres • Skills training • Peer support • Preparation for setbacks • Evaluated in randomised setting: • higher levels of reemployment and monthly income • lower levels of depressive symptoms and depressio • better role and emotional functionin • larger benefits for those who had initial low levels of job-search motivation and mastery Mera information: jukka.vuori@occuphealth.fi

  17. Time Out! Programme 2004- • Time Out! Getting Life Back on Track • Case management to prevent social exclusion of young men • Target group: Young men exempted from military service • Implemented at call-ups for conscripts • Evaluation in randomised trial More information: http://info.stakes.fi/aikalisa/EN/index.htm eija.stengard@thl.fi

  18. Key messages • Inter-sectoral collaboration is the key to success • Actions should be targeted at vulnerable groups for best cost-effectiveness • Actions should be carefully evaluated • Developing and implementing policies without evidence-based knowledge may be harmful and wasteful • In Finland, the challenges are to prevent alcohol-induced ill mental health and to promote social inclusion of all

  19. The new National Mental Health and Substance Abuse Plan”Mieli 2009” Within mental health promotion the plan lists three priorities: • Restricting access to alcohol • Minimising generational transfer of mental health problems and substance abuse • Supporting social inclusion

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